J. Beraldin, F. Blais, L. Cournoyer, M. Rioux, S. El-Hakim, R. Rodella, F. Bernier, Nathalie Harrison
{"title":"Digital 3D imaging system for rapid response on remote sites","authors":"J. Beraldin, F. Blais, L. Cournoyer, M. Rioux, S. El-Hakim, R. Rodella, F. Bernier, Nathalie Harrison","doi":"10.1109/IM.1999.805332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IM.1999.805332","url":null,"abstract":"A compact digital 3D imaging system based on laser triangulation was designed for applications requiring a rapid response on remote sites. Heritage, forensic and industrial applications are among the best fields to benefit from this new technology. This paper focuses on such aspects as the acquisition, calibration, verification, and model creation. These aspects were all optimized to create a versatile system that is compact, i.e. hand portable to a remote site. Emphasis is placed on accuracy verification and monitoring which are critical factors for obtaining high-quality reconstruction of 3D models from multiple range images. A summary of the experimental results acquired in 1997 and 1998 at a number of sites in Italy is presented in this paper.","PeriodicalId":110347,"journal":{"name":"Second International Conference on 3-D Digital Imaging and Modeling (Cat. No.PR00062)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117125390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PALM: portable sensor-augmented vision system for large-scene modeling","authors":"Teck Khim Ng, T. Kanade","doi":"10.1109/IM.1999.805379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IM.1999.805379","url":null,"abstract":"We propose PALM-a portable sensor-augmented vision system for large-scene modeling. The system solves the problem of recovering large structures in arbitrary scenes from video streams taken by a sensor-augmented camera. Central to the solution method is the use of multiple constraints derived from GPS measurements, camera orientation sensor readings, and image features. The knowledge of camera orientation enhances computational efficiency by making a linear formulation of perspective ray constraints possible. The overall shape is constructed by merging smaller shape segments. Shape merging errors are minimized using the concept of shape hierarchy, which is realized through a \"landmarking\" technique. The features of the system include its use of a small number of images and feature points, its portability, and its low cost interface for synchronizing sensor measurements with the video stream. Example reconstructions of a football stadium and two large buildings are presented and these results are compared with the ground truth.","PeriodicalId":110347,"journal":{"name":"Second International Conference on 3-D Digital Imaging and Modeling (Cat. No.PR00062)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123348598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental analysis of Harmonic Shape Images","authors":"D. Zhang, M. Hebert","doi":"10.1109/IM.1999.805351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IM.1999.805351","url":null,"abstract":"In our early work, a representation called Harmonic Shape Images for 3D free-form surfaces was proposed and applied to solve the surface matching problem (D. Zhang and M. Hebert, 1999). Extensive experiments using real data are conducted to analyze the performance of Harmonic Shape Images with respect to discriminability, stability and robustness to resolution and occlusion. The results show that Harmonic Shape Images are an appropriate representation for 3D surface comparison. Examples of surface comparison using real data are presented.","PeriodicalId":110347,"journal":{"name":"Second International Conference on 3-D Digital Imaging and Modeling (Cat. No.PR00062)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126579624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Virtual environments for critical intervention support: modeling, design and implementation issues","authors":"D. Poussart, François Bernier, M. Simoneau","doi":"10.1109/IM.1999.805342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IM.1999.805342","url":null,"abstract":"Computer vision, with its ability to efficiently generate geometric or photometric models of \"things\", has become a key resource in the process of virtualizing actual scenes or artefacts. Because of the key role of vision as a sensory modality, we often associate Virtual Reality with visualization, an association which has progressively been enriched by additional modalities such as hap tics or touch, as well as by the inclusion of (usually) simple behaviors necessary to provide a certain sense of \"presence\". \u0000 \u0000In this presentation, we discuss a class of Virtual Environments which target support for critical interventions - applicative areas where operational mistakes may have severe human / economic consequences and must be avoided. The level of strategic and tactical support - ranging from scenario optimization to direct supervisory control which is required in such cases implies much more than an a believable sensory experience, but rather an infrastructure where detailed, accurate (within specified bounds), coherent and robust physical representations and behaviors are maintained. While interactive visualization remains a key component of such a system, it needs to shifted away from its core and be integrated as a satellite to a simulation engine capable of high performance computation consistent with hard real-time requirements. This is especially true during the intervention phase, in an Augmented Reality mode, when actual tools operate upon actual objects. This raises a number of design and implementation challenges which we will consider in the context of industrial and medical applications which are currently being pursued in our Laboratory.","PeriodicalId":110347,"journal":{"name":"Second International Conference on 3-D Digital Imaging and Modeling (Cat. No.PR00062)","volume":"87 22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126301166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Self-calibration of a light striping system by matching multiple 3-D profile maps","authors":"O. Jokinen","doi":"10.1109/IM.1999.805348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IM.1999.805348","url":null,"abstract":"A novel method is proposed for refining the calibration of a light striping system including a projective transformation between the image plane of the camera and the plane of the laser sheet, and also the direction of the scanning with respect to the plane of the laser sheet. The refinement is obtained through weighted least squares matching of multiple profile maps acquired from different viewpoints and registered previously using an approximate calibration. Testing with synthetically generated profile maps shows that if the geometry of the object is appropriate and the registration parameters and the intrinsic parameters of the system are known exactly, then a calibration accuracy of 0.003...0.00003% relative to the scene dimensions can be achieved as the average noise level in the maps used for the calibration decreases from 0.3 down to zero pixels. It is also possible to adjust several calibrations at the same time. The registration and calibration parameters can be refined simultaneously, but a close initial estimate and rather complex object geometry are needed for an accuracy of 0.03% when the average noise level is 0.03 pixels. Determining the corresponding points by interpolation on the parametric domains of the maps yields higher accuracy than perpendicular projection to the tangent planes at the closest points in 3D in both registration and calibration tasks. The highest accuracy is achieved when the interpolation errors are as equal as possible within the overlapping areas.","PeriodicalId":110347,"journal":{"name":"Second International Conference on 3-D Digital Imaging and Modeling (Cat. No.PR00062)","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132708669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bayesian estimation of distance and surface normal with a time-of-flight laser rangefinder","authors":"J. Lang, D. Pai","doi":"10.1109/IM.1999.805340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IM.1999.805340","url":null,"abstract":"We describe a Bayesian estimation method for measurement of both range and surface orientation using a laser rangefinder. The method not only provides more accurate estimates of range for dark surfaces that are difficult to measure, but also simultaneously provides estimates of surface normals. The paper describes our efforts for a commercially available sensor, the laser rangefinder Acuity Accu-Range 3000 LIR, a widely available device. We detail the Bayesian techniques, sensor calibration, and the processing required.","PeriodicalId":110347,"journal":{"name":"Second International Conference on 3-D Digital Imaging and Modeling (Cat. No.PR00062)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132066311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"OSCAR: object segmentation using correspondence and relaxation","authors":"B. Galvin, B. McCane, K. Novins","doi":"10.1109/IM.1999.805357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IM.1999.805357","url":null,"abstract":"We present a robust motion based segmentation system. We combine a novel relaxation based corner tracking system with existing corner tracking techniques to produce corner trajectories that are virtually free of large errors. This technique is used in conjunction with a probabilistic segmentation algorithm to find and track objects in image sequences.","PeriodicalId":110347,"journal":{"name":"Second International Conference on 3-D Digital Imaging and Modeling (Cat. No.PR00062)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134620926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Robust surface matching for registration","authors":"E. Guest, Steven Kelly, E. Berry, M. Fidrich","doi":"10.1109/IM.1999.805347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IM.1999.805347","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to accurately register images of patients taken at different times is very important in many medical applications. In most cases, the main reason for registration is to measure changes, and therefore any automatic registration algorithm employed for this task must be able to cope when there are significant differences in the images. In this paper a new algorithm is presented which enables accurate surface registration by using a robust matching algorithm to calculate correspondences for all the points on the surface along with a measure of reliability. The basic idea is to move the point of interest to see if it always matches to the same point. This generates a scatter of \"tentative corresponding points\", and a corresponding point and reliability are calculated from the geometric distribution of these points. This new algorithm is compared with two others. Experiments show that our algorithm is more accurate, consistent and converges faster than the others.","PeriodicalId":110347,"journal":{"name":"Second International Conference on 3-D Digital Imaging and Modeling (Cat. No.PR00062)","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127161096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hand posture estimation from 2D monocular image","authors":"Haiying Guan, C. Chua, Yeong-Khing Ho","doi":"10.1109/IM.1999.805373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IM.1999.805373","url":null,"abstract":"Estimating the human hand posture is important for a variety of applications, such as human-computer interface, virtual reality and computer graphic animation. However, posture recognition is not yet advanced enough to provide a flexible and reliable performance for these applications. The purpose of this study is to find a closed-form solution for 3D hand posture estimation using a 2D monocular image. We propose a method to estimate the hand model parameters from detected 2D positions of finger tips and other main points. Using the hand model with 27 degrees of freedom (DOF) and the constraints among them, a new algorithm to estimate the finger posture by solving the inverse kinematics of the finger joints is presented. Experimental results confirm that our method gives the correct hand posture.","PeriodicalId":110347,"journal":{"name":"Second International Conference on 3-D Digital Imaging and Modeling (Cat. No.PR00062)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131367274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CAD-based range sensor placement for optimum 3D data acquisition","authors":"F. Prieto, T. Redarce, P. Boulanger, R. Lepage","doi":"10.1109/IM.1999.805343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IM.1999.805343","url":null,"abstract":"The use of laser range sensor allows a very significant improvement in acquisition speed but does not equal the accuracy obtained with a coordinate measuring machine. In order to obtain a quality control close to that obtained in metrology we suggest improving the accuracy of the depth measurements by positioning the sensor's head according to a strategy for optimum 3D data acquisition. We propose such a strategy to automatically produce a sensing plan for completely and accurately acquiring the geometry of a surface or of the whole piece whenever possible. The system requires the exact position and orientation of the part and its CAD model in IGES format. There is no limitation regarding the shape of the part to be digitized. An auto-synchronized range sensor developed at the NRCC was used, and for this sensor, the accuracy of the 3D measured points is a function of the distance and of the incident angle relative to the surface. Our strategy guarantees that the viewpoints found meet the best accuracy conditions in the scanning process.","PeriodicalId":110347,"journal":{"name":"Second International Conference on 3-D Digital Imaging and Modeling (Cat. No.PR00062)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133414454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}