Current Protocols in Cytometry最新文献

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Large Particle Sorting to Isolate Live Parasitic Nematode Eggs 大颗粒分选分离寄生线虫卵
Current Protocols in Cytometry Pub Date : 2016-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/0471142956.cy1121s76
Alfonso J. Schmidt, T. Bouchery, G. Le Gros, Kylie M. Price
{"title":"Large Particle Sorting to Isolate Live Parasitic Nematode Eggs","authors":"Alfonso J. Schmidt, T. Bouchery, G. Le Gros, Kylie M. Price","doi":"10.1002/0471142956.cy1121s76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/0471142956.cy1121s76","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional jet‐in‐air cell sorters have been designed and optimized to isolate small particles such as mammalian lymphocytes with an average diameter of 10 μm. We discuss the practical considerations of setting up a conventional jet‐in‐air cell sorter, using a 200‐μm nozzle, to isolate the large parasitic nematode eggs of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, with a maximum size of 60 μm. The eggs were separated based on light scattering properties, no fluorescent dye or molecule was required. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.","PeriodicalId":11020,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Cytometry","volume":"42 1","pages":"11.21.1 - 11.21.15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/0471142956.cy1121s76","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50823888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Optimized MOL-PCR for Characterization of Microbial Pathogens 优化的MOL-PCR鉴定微生物病原菌
Current Protocols in Cytometry Pub Date : 2016-01-06 DOI: 10.1002/0471142956.cy1315s75
Véronique Wuyts, Nancy H.C. Roosens, Sophie Bertrand, Kathleen Marchal, Sigrid C.J. De Keersmaecker
{"title":"Optimized MOL-PCR for Characterization of Microbial Pathogens","authors":"Véronique Wuyts,&nbsp;Nancy H.C. Roosens,&nbsp;Sophie Bertrand,&nbsp;Kathleen Marchal,&nbsp;Sigrid C.J. De Keersmaecker","doi":"10.1002/0471142956.cy1315s75","DOIUrl":"10.1002/0471142956.cy1315s75","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Characterization of microbial pathogens is necessary for surveillance, outbreak detection, and tracing of outbreak sources. This unit describes a multiplex oligonucleotide ligation-PCR (MOL-PCR) optimized for characterization of microbial pathogens. With MOL-PCR, different types of markers, like unique sequences, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and indels, can be simultaneously analyzed in one assay. This assay consists of a multiplex ligation for detection of the markers, a singleplex PCR for signal amplification, and hybridization to MagPlex-TAG beads for readout on a Luminex platform after fluorescent staining. The current protocol describes the MOL-PCR, as well as methods for DNA isolation, probe design, and data interpretation and it is based on an optimized MOL-PCR assay for subtyping of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium. © 2016 by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</p>","PeriodicalId":11020,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Cytometry","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/0471142956.cy1315s75","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50824726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Quantitative Flow Cytometry Measurements in Antibodies Bound per Cell Based on a CD4 Reference 定量流式细胞术测量抗体结合每个细胞基于CD4参考
Current Protocols in Cytometry Pub Date : 2016-01-06 DOI: 10.1002/0471142956.cy0129s75
Lili Wang, Heba Degheidy, Fatima Abbasi, Howard Mostowski, Gerald Marti, Steven Bauer, Robert A. Hoffman, Adolfas K. Gaigalas
{"title":"Quantitative Flow Cytometry Measurements in Antibodies Bound per Cell Based on a CD4 Reference","authors":"Lili Wang,&nbsp;Heba Degheidy,&nbsp;Fatima Abbasi,&nbsp;Howard Mostowski,&nbsp;Gerald Marti,&nbsp;Steven Bauer,&nbsp;Robert A. Hoffman,&nbsp;Adolfas K. Gaigalas","doi":"10.1002/0471142956.cy0129s75","DOIUrl":"10.1002/0471142956.cy0129s75","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Multicolor flow cytometer assays with fluorescently labeled antibodies are routinely used in clinical laboratories to measure the cell number of specific immunophenotypes and to estimate expression levels of specific receptors/antigens either on the cell surface or intracellularly. The cell number and specific receptors/antigens serve as biomarkers for pathological conditions at various stages of a disease. Existing methods and cell reference materials for quantitative expression measurements have not yet produced results that are of wide clinical interest or are instrument-independent across all fluorescence channels. This unit details a procedure for quantifying surface and intracellular biomarkers by calibrating the output of a multicolor flow cytometer in units of antibody bound per cell (ABC). The procedure includes (1) quality control of the flow cytometer, (2) fluorescence intensity calibration using hard dyed microspheres assigned with fluorescence intensity values, (3) compensation for fluorescence spillover between adjacent fluorescence channels, and (4) application of a biological reference calibrator to establish an ABC scale. The unit also points out current efforts for quantifying biomarkers in a manner that is independent of instrument platforms and reagent differences. © 2016 by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</p>","PeriodicalId":11020,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Cytometry","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/0471142956.cy0129s75","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50821487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 21
Simultaneous, Single-Cell Measurement of Messenger RNA, Cell Surface Proteins, and Intracellular Proteins 同时,单细胞测量信使RNA,细胞表面蛋白和细胞内蛋白
Current Protocols in Cytometry Pub Date : 2016-01-06 DOI: 10.1002/0471142956.cy0745s75
Kah Teong Soh, Joseph D. Tario Jr., Sean Colligan, Orla Maguire, Dalin Pan, Hans Minderman, Paul K. Wallace
{"title":"Simultaneous, Single-Cell Measurement of Messenger RNA, Cell Surface Proteins, and Intracellular Proteins","authors":"Kah Teong Soh,&nbsp;Joseph D. Tario Jr.,&nbsp;Sean Colligan,&nbsp;Orla Maguire,&nbsp;Dalin Pan,&nbsp;Hans Minderman,&nbsp;Paul K. Wallace","doi":"10.1002/0471142956.cy0745s75","DOIUrl":"10.1002/0471142956.cy0745s75","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nucleic acid content can be quantified by flow cytometry through the use of intercalating compounds; however, measuring the presence of specific sequences has hitherto been difficult to achieve by this methodology. The primary obstacle to detecting discrete nucleic acid sequences by flow cytometry is their low quantity and the presence of high background signals, rendering the detection of hybridized fluorescent probes challenging. Amplification of nucleic acid sequences by molecular techniques such as in situ PCR have been applied to single-cell suspensions, but these approaches have not been easily adapted to conventional flow cytometry. An alternative strategy implements a Branched DNA technique, comprising target-specific probes and sequentially hybridized amplification reagents, resulting in a theoretical 8,000- to 16,000-fold increase in fluorescence signal amplification. The Branched DNA technique allows for the quantification of native and unmanipulated mRNA content with increased signal detection and reduced background. This procedure utilizes gentle fixation steps with low hybridization temperatures, leaving the assayed cells intact to permit their concomitant immunophenotyping. This technology has the potential to advance scientific discovery by correlating potentially small quantities of mRNA with many biological measurements at the single-cell level. © 2016 by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</p>","PeriodicalId":11020,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Cytometry","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/0471142956.cy0745s75","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50822524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 14
Microscopic Investigation of Protein Function in C. elegans Using Fluorescent Imaging 利用荧光成像技术研究秀丽隐杆线虫蛋白质功能
Current Protocols in Cytometry Pub Date : 2015-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/0471142956.cy1241s74
Cliff J. Luke, Linda P. O'Reilly
{"title":"Microscopic Investigation of Protein Function in C. elegans Using Fluorescent Imaging","authors":"Cliff J. Luke,&nbsp;Linda P. O'Reilly","doi":"10.1002/0471142956.cy1241s74","DOIUrl":"10.1002/0471142956.cy1241s74","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> is a powerful model organism for studying human biology and disease due to its surprisingly high genetic homology to <i>Homo sapiens</i>. Its genetic amenability, small size, short generation time, and transparent body make it an ideal organism for multiple scientific disciplines. Fluorescent microscopy is essential for studying protein biological function. However, <i>C. elegans</i>, mainly due to its high motility, has been more difficult to adapt to fluorescence imaging, especially live-imaging. We present here several protocols for the study of protein location, function and dynamics in context of a whole animal. These protocols, especially when combined with existing genetic procedures, can yield a great deal of insight in the physiological roles of proteins in <i>C. elegans</i>, which can be directly translated into mammalian systems. © 2015 by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</p>","PeriodicalId":11020,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Cytometry","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/0471142956.cy1241s74","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34048853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
In Vivo Immuno-Spin Trapping: Imaging the Footprints of Oxidative Stress 体内免疫自旋捕获:氧化应激的成像足迹
Current Protocols in Cytometry Pub Date : 2015-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/0471142956.cy1242s74
Nicholas K.H. Khoo, Nadiezhda Cantu-Medellin, Claudette St. Croix, Eric E. Kelley
{"title":"In Vivo Immuno-Spin Trapping: Imaging the Footprints of Oxidative Stress","authors":"Nicholas K.H. Khoo,&nbsp;Nadiezhda Cantu-Medellin,&nbsp;Claudette St. Croix,&nbsp;Eric E. Kelley","doi":"10.1002/0471142956.cy1242s74","DOIUrl":"10.1002/0471142956.cy1242s74","url":null,"abstract":"A plethora of disease processes are associated with elevated reactive species formation and allied reactions with biomolecules that alter cell signaling, induce overt damage, and promote dysfunction of tissues. Unfortunately, effective detection of reactive species in tissues is wrought with issues that significantly limit capacity for validating species identity, establishing accurate concentrations, and identifying anatomic sites of production. These shortcomings reveal the pressing need for new approaches to more precisely assess reactive species generation in vivo. Herein, we describe an in vivo immuno‐spin trapping method for indirectly assessing oxidant levels by detecting free radicals resulting from reaction of oxidants with biomolecules to form stable, immunologically detectable nitrone‐biomolecular adducts. This process couples the reactivity and sensitivity of an electron paramagnetic resonance spin trap with the resolution of confocal imaging to visualize the extent of cell and tissue oxidation and anatomic sites of production by detecting resultant free radical formation. © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.","PeriodicalId":11020,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Cytometry","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/0471142956.cy1242s74","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34048854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Visualization of Telomere Integrity and Function In Vitro and In Vivo Using Immunofluorescence Techniques 利用免疫荧光技术在体外和体内可视化端粒完整性和功能
Current Protocols in Cytometry Pub Date : 2015-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/0471142956.cy1240s73
Anthony J. Cesare, Christopher M. Heaphy, Roderick J. O'Sullivan
{"title":"Visualization of Telomere Integrity and Function In Vitro and In Vivo Using Immunofluorescence Techniques","authors":"Anthony J. Cesare,&nbsp;Christopher M. Heaphy,&nbsp;Roderick J. O'Sullivan","doi":"10.1002/0471142956.cy1240s73","DOIUrl":"10.1002/0471142956.cy1240s73","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In cancer cells, telomere length maintenance occurs largely via the direct synthesis of TTAGGG repeats at chromosome ends by telomerase, or less frequently by the recombination-dependent alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) pathway. The latter is characterized by the atypical clustering of telomeres within promyelocytic leukemia (PML) nuclear bodies, which harbor proteins that are linked with DNA repair and recombination activity. For this reason, it is speculated that these associated PML bodies represent the sites of the recombination that maintains telomere length. The protocols described here can be employed for the routine investigation of the structural integrity of telomeres and the association of proteins at telomeres in normal cells, challenged cells, and archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded clinical tissue specimens that may have activated the ALT pathway. © 2015 by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</p>","PeriodicalId":11020,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Cytometry","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/0471142956.cy1240s73","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33869480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 42
Collection, Storage, and Preparation of Human Blood Cells 人类血细胞的收集、储存和制备
Current Protocols in Cytometry Pub Date : 2015-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/0471142956.cy0501s73
Pradeep K. Dagur, J. Philip McCoy Jr.
{"title":"Collection, Storage, and Preparation of Human Blood Cells","authors":"Pradeep K. Dagur,&nbsp;J. Philip McCoy Jr.","doi":"10.1002/0471142956.cy0501s73","DOIUrl":"10.1002/0471142956.cy0501s73","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Human peripheral blood is often studied by flow cytometry in both the research and clinical laboratories. The methods for collection, storage, and preparation of peripheral blood will vary depending on the cell lineage to be examined as well as the type of assay to be performed. This unit presents protocols for collection of blood, separation of leukocytes from whole blood by lysis of erythrocytes, isolating mononuclear cells by density gradient separation, and assorted non-flow sorting methods, such as magnetic bead separations, for enriching specific cell populations, including monocytes, T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, neutrophils, and platelets, prior to flow cytometric analysis. A protocol is also offered for cryopreservation of cells, since clinical research often involves retrospective flow cytometric analysis of samples stored over a period of months or years. © 2015 by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</p>","PeriodicalId":11020,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Cytometry","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/0471142956.cy0501s73","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34249859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 103
High Throughput-Based Mitochondrial Function Assays by Multi-Parametric Flow Cytometry 基于多参数流式细胞术的高通量线粒体功能测定
Current Protocols in Cytometry Pub Date : 2015-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/0471142956.cy0948s73
J. Paul Robinson, Nianyu Li, Padma Kumar Narayanan
{"title":"High Throughput-Based Mitochondrial Function Assays by Multi-Parametric Flow Cytometry","authors":"J. Paul Robinson,&nbsp;Nianyu Li,&nbsp;Padma Kumar Narayanan","doi":"10.1002/0471142956.cy0948s73","DOIUrl":"10.1002/0471142956.cy0948s73","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mitochondrial dysfunction has been increasingly implicated as an important mechanism for chemical-induced toxicity. In the present unit, we describe a multi-parametric flow cytometry assay to assess the effects of drug or chemical-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in cells. Cells are cultured in a glucose-supplemented medium and exposed to increasing concentrations of various chemicals. Several key mitochondrial/cellular parameters known to be directly impacted by mitochondrial dysfunction, such as mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, intracellular reduced glutathione (GSH) level, and cell viability, are simultaneously measured by flow cytometry. © 2015 by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</p>","PeriodicalId":11020,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Cytometry","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/0471142956.cy0948s73","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34249860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Flow Cytometry of Extracellular Vesicles: Potential, Pitfalls, and Prospects 细胞外囊泡的流式细胞术:潜力、缺陷和前景
Current Protocols in Cytometry Pub Date : 2015-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/0471142956.cy1314s73
John P. Nolan
{"title":"Flow Cytometry of Extracellular Vesicles: Potential, Pitfalls, and Prospects","authors":"John P. Nolan","doi":"10.1002/0471142956.cy1314s73","DOIUrl":"10.1002/0471142956.cy1314s73","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Evidence suggests that extracellular vesicles (EVs) can play roles in physiology and pathology, providing impetus to explore their use as diagnostic and therapeutic targets. However, EVs are also small, heterogeneous, and difficult to measure, and so this potential has not yet been realized. The development of improved approaches to EV detection and characterization will be critical to further understanding their roles in physiology and disease. Flow cytometry has been a popular tool for measuring cell-derived EVs, but has often been used in an uncritical manner in which fundamental principles and limitations of the instrument are ignored. Recent efforts to standardize procedures and document the effects of different methodologies have helped to address this shortcoming, but much work remains. In this paper, I address some of the instrument, reagent, and analysis considerations relevant to measurement of individual EVs in flow, with the aim of clarifying a path to quantitative and standardized measurement of these interesting and potentially important biological nanoparticles. © 2015 by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</p>","PeriodicalId":11020,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Cytometry","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/0471142956.cy1314s73","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34249857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 90
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