{"title":"Clostridium difficile","authors":"田中啓広, 三枝太郎, 兵働英也, 若栗太朗, 須崎真, 桐木園子, 小野寺直子, 小原俊彦, 川井真, 安武正弘","doi":"10.1542/9781581107951-ch31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/9781581107951-ch31","url":null,"abstract":"Samenvatting Verwekker:Clostridium difficile (anaerobe grampositieve bacterie), vele soorten. Alleen toxinogene C. difficile-stammen geven darmwand ontsteking. Besmettingsweg:Feco-oraal, of indirect via handen en voorwerpen, meubilair. Incubatietijd:2-3 dagen Besmettelijke periode: Zolang een patiënt diarree heeft. Maatregelen: Meldingsplicht artikel 26, bij meerdere gevallen in een instelling. Hygiënemaatregelen. Isolatiemaatregelen en contactonderzoek op indicatie. Personen werkzaam in zorginstelling geen patiëntgebonden handelingen. Symptomen: Milde diarree tot een fulminante en soms dodelijke (pseudomembraneuze) colitis. Vaak ook koorts, buikpijn of buikkrampen.","PeriodicalId":109465,"journal":{"name":"Red Book Atlas of Pediatric Infectious Diseases","volume":"182 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122695268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Staphylococcal Infections","authors":"---WITH Methicillin, J. W. Harding","doi":"10.1542/9781581107951-ch123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/9781581107951-ch123","url":null,"abstract":"MrrHICILLIN (sodium 6-[2,6 dimethoxybenzamido] penicillinate .monohydrate) has been the first compound of major importance resulting from the isolation of pure 6-amino penicillanic acid by Batchelor, Doyle, Nayler and Rolinson (1959). This new penicillin compound is of great therapeutic importance on account of several valuable properties which it, possesses. It is bactericidal (Knox, I960), virtually non-toxic (Brown and Acred, 1960), is unaffected by staphylococcal penicillinase (Knox, I960; Rolinson, Stevens, Batchelor, Wood and Chain, i960) and is effective against all isolated strains of staphylococci in vitro (Thompson, Harding and Simon, I960). Furthermore, it is effective against staphylococci in vivo (Douthwaite and Trafford, I960; Stewart, Nixon, Coles, Kesson, Lawson, Thomas,. Mishra, Mitchell, Semmens and: Wade, i960). Most of these findings have been confirmed by workers in Canada (Branch, Rodger, Lee'and'Power, I966). We have had the opportunit of observing the results of treatment with this compound of a number of patients infected with penicillinresistant staphylococci'in this hospital.","PeriodicalId":109465,"journal":{"name":"Red Book Atlas of Pediatric Infectious Diseases","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114346300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pediculosis Corporis (Body Lice)","authors":"","doi":"10.1542/9781581107951-ch98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/9781581107951-ch98","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":109465,"journal":{"name":"Red Book Atlas of Pediatric Infectious Diseases","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114432589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Human Herpesvirus 8","authors":"","doi":"10.1542/9781581107951-ch67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/9781581107951-ch67","url":null,"abstract":"Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infection is very prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, but the role of sexual transmission has not been well characterized. HHV-8 seroprevalence and correlates were evaluated in a cohort of female prostitutes in Mombasa, Kenya. Between February 1993 and January 2000, stored plasma samples taken from 736 women were tested, by whole-virus ELISA assay, for the presence of HHV-8 antibodies; of these 736 women, 633 were included in the analysis of correlates of HHV-8 infection; and, of these 633, 44.1% were seropositive for HHV-8 antibodies. In univariate analysis, age, years of education, years of prostitution, workplace, hormonal contraception, intrauterine-device use, alcohol consumption, syphilis, and gonorrhea were all significantly associated with the presence of HHV-8 antibodies. In a multivariate model, older age, fewer years of education, and 2 markers of high-risk sexual behavior-namely, alcohol consumption and gonorrhea-were each independently associated with HHV-8 seropositivity. These results suggest that heterosexual transmission may contribute to acquisition of HHV-8 infections in this African population of prostitutes","PeriodicalId":109465,"journal":{"name":"Red Book Atlas of Pediatric Infectious Diseases","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129676185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Arboviruses","authors":"","doi":"10.1542/9781581107951-ch06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/9781581107951-ch06","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":109465,"journal":{"name":"Red Book Atlas of Pediatric Infectious Diseases","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116150713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Other Mycoplasma Species Infections","authors":"","doi":"10.1542/9781581107951-ch87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/9781581107951-ch87","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":109465,"journal":{"name":"Red Book Atlas of Pediatric Infectious Diseases","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130835423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}