Day 1 Mon, June 18, 2018最新文献

{"title":"Performance Variation of Quaternary Amine Corrosion Inhibitors as a Function of Hydrocarbon Chain Length with Respect to Temperature","authors":"A. A. Ali, A. Shaikh, A. Abdullah","doi":"10.2118/190900-MS","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/190900-MS","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Hydrocarbon chain, hydrophobic in nature, plays an important role in the efficiency of corrosion inhibitors. Increasing hydrocarbon chain length in a corrosion inhibitor tends to increase its inhibition efficiency (IE) but decrease its solubility in aqueous solutions. In this study, quaternary amine corrosion inhibitors with variable hydrocarbon chain lengths ranging from 10 to 16 carbons were synthesized and evaluated as acid corrosion inhibitors for coiled tubing steel. The substituents containing double and triple bonds were incorporated into the corrosion inhibitors to enhance their performance in HCl acid solutions. In addition to the quaternary nitrogen, three additional adsorption sites including propargyl and two allyl groups are present in this corrosion inhibitor.\u0000 Behavior of these compounds in concentrated HCl acids was examined using gravimetric and electrochemical methods (polarization and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS)). Weight loss tests were conducted in 28 wt% HCl acid solutions at different temperatures and a soaking time of two hours was applied. The temperatures examined ranged from 30 to 90 °C. The results showed that IE increased in the order of C10 < C12 < C16 at 30 °C and while a reverse order was observed at higher examined temperatures (90 °C). At a temperature of 30 °C, an inhibitor concentration of 50 ppm gave the corrosion IE of 80.4, 78.3 and 67.2% for C16, C12 and C10, respectively, while at 90 °C, the corresponding inhibition efficiencies were 25.7, 21.1 and 15.4%. Polarization measurements showed that the inhibition mechanisms for C12 and C16 was via suppressing/retarding anodic reaction while a mixed- type mechanism was obtained for C10. The IE obtained by the polarization technique at 30 °C showed the same order obtained by weight loss method (C16>C12>C10) while at a temperature of 70 °C, the order was C16>C10>C12.\u0000 This paper will present in detail, 1) the synthesis and characterization of the corrosion inhibitors, 2) the variation in their performance, and 3) subsequently, the potential mechanisms for obtained variations as a function of temperature are discussed.","PeriodicalId":10943,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, June 18, 2018","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80974250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sulfide Stress Cracking Resistance of 95 and 110 ksi OCTG Sour Service Grades Under High Partial Pressure of H2S - A Contribution to Corrosion Mechanism Understanding","authors":"Daniella Guedes Sales, G. Néel, J. Oliveira, F. Thébault","doi":"10.2118/190894-MS","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/190894-MS","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The limit of Sour Service (SS) grades regarding Sulfide Stress Cracking (SSC) resistance is defined by ANSI NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 standard. For instance, API T95 grade is acceptable to be used in all regions of environmental severity and for all temperatures. As per Annex B of the same standard, SSC laboratory testing in accordance with NACE TM0177 Methods A and D in Solution A saturated by 1 bar H2S partial pressure (PH2S) qualify a material for all SSC regions, up to 10 bar PH2S. To evaluate this statement and verify if the existing NACE guidelines apply also for SS 110 ksi Specified Minimum Yield Strength (SMYS), a procedure to assess the SSC resistance in high H2S pressure was developed. This procedure was applied to enhanced SS 95 ksi and 110 ksi SMYS materials. The methodology consists in regular purging and filling of the gas phase in order to keep constant the PH2S and to remove hydrogen gas produced by generalized corrosion. Investigations combined NACE TM0177 Method A and D tests, characterizations of the iron sulfide scales and hydrogen electrochemical permeations. This methodology enables to give some insights on the corrosion mechanism and the influence of high partial pressure of H2S on the SSC resistance.","PeriodicalId":10943,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, June 18, 2018","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87055409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using the Right Integrity Management Tool for the Job","authors":"F. Chalmers, Tyler Stewart","doi":"10.2118/190892-MS","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/190892-MS","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 There isn't a one size fits all solution to management of integrity. Intelligent management of integrity seeks to optimize the collection and interpretation of appropriate inspection and monitoring information. Savings can be made by making effective use of the available information to manage an asset's integrity.\u0000 Practical examples in the form of case studies are supplied to show how intelligent use of available asset integrity information can help to achieve safe, predicable production in different situations; Fix it now, training the inspection team to rectify simple pipe support issues prevents escalation of damage, reduces the overall time spent in terms of reporting, information management and execution of rectification.API fitness for service assessment (FFS), awareness of available information and ability to validate previous work against the status of an asset prevents the unnecessary expense of repeat work whilst providing assurance of continued fitness for service.Monte Carlo analysis provided a practical way to manage risks when inspection data was scarce resulting in a picture of the condition of their equipment over time. This assisted with key decisions associated with the inspection, repair and continued operation of the plant and equipment.","PeriodicalId":10943,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, June 18, 2018","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90531586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrosion Testing in Moderate and Ultra High Shear Production Environments","authors":"Rodney Madjitey, H. Thomson, C. Simpson, D. Frigo, G. Graham","doi":"10.2118/190906-MS","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2118/190906-MS","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Selection of effective corrosion for use in high wall shear conditions is of increasing importance in oilfield production. Development of new oil and gas fields often requires the use of more sophisticated downhole equipment. As a result these production conditions can result in exceptionally high wall shear stress, for example in-flow control devices (ICDs) can reach shear stresses up to 10,000 Pa. To accommodate this, there is need for more representative high shear tests for material and production chemical selection. A jet impingement test procedure is shown that allows for the evaluation of products under such environments. Further to this the shear stresses generated in standard laboratory tests have been compared with a high flow pilot rig and comparative Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modelling.\u0000 A test system has been developed that allows routine laboratory evaluation of corrosion processes at moderate to high shear stresses using jet impingement methodology. A series of tests have been conducted to determine the extent of corrosion under moderate to high shear conditions. Static tests and low shear rotating cylinder electrode (RCE) tests have been carried out using the same brine system to allow comparison of results from the different methods. Ultimately, high flow (moderate to high shear) pilot rig tests have also been used to verify the results.\u0000 The results show that the jet impingement approach is effective in generating field representative conditions, which in turn can support material or chemical selection. The work presented is supported by case studies which will be illustrated.\u0000 In order to test effectively, the flow regimes experienced in the field must be replicated. Using CFD models we demonstrate that the observed field conditions can be reproduced using these laboratory flow regimes and produce results that correlate well.","PeriodicalId":10943,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, June 18, 2018","volume":"121 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80780797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}