Prevention and Research最新文献

{"title":"Papilloma virus and oral lesions. Infection and increased risk of potential malignant transformation. A systematic review","authors":"G. Palaia","doi":"10.11138/PER/2014.3.3.112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/PER/2014.3.3.112","url":null,"abstract":"Background: oral cancer has been associated with several risk factor, such as smoking, alcohol, irritants and irradiation. The presence of HPV in oral cancers suggests that HPV may play a similar role in transforming oral epithelia. Objectives: a significant association was appreciated between infection with human papillomavirus (HPV), squamous cell carcinoma and potentially malignant disorders of the oral cavity, such as leukoplakia, erythro-leukoplakia erythroplakia. This review will attempt to focus on relevant characteristics of HPV, analyze its role in oral cancer and discuss some emerging developments. Methods: from the critical analysis of the current literature, many studies evaluating different markers of exposure and viral activity in tumors were collected. Several studies have investigated the prevalence of HPV in these cancers, but the prevalence of HPV detection varies broadly, depending on the population, combination of sub-sites, typology of specimen and method of detection. Results: the majority of HPV-related cancers contain HPV DNA integrated into the host cell genome and express only two viral genes, E6 and E7, both of which encode oncoproteins. Data published in the literature have provided strong evidence that HPVs may be the cause of a defined subset of head and neck cancers and also an indicator of improved survival. Discussion: while the role of HPV infection in the onset of cervix cancer is now well established, there is little information on the prevalence, determinants and natural history of the infection in the oral mucosa, and further studies are needed to clarify the potential role of HPV in the onset of oral cancer.","PeriodicalId":109386,"journal":{"name":"Prevention and Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131744966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic analyses on bone remains with the PowerPlex Fusion System kit","authors":"S. Zoppis","doi":"10.11138/PER/2016.5.2.050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/PER/2016.5.2.050","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic analyses on bone remains in the field of human identification represent one of the most stimulating and complex challenges for forensic geneticists. In this work, preliminary results of the analysis of bone remains performed by the use of the commercial kit named PowerPlex® Fusion System (Promega Corporation, Madison, WI) are shown. Our study was conducted on 10 casework samples that came to our observation, for which the Prosecutor asked to perform genetic analyses to the purpose of either personal identification or the assessment of a parental relationship. Taking into account the analytical challenges already faced during the analyses previously performed using other commercial STRs kits, our attention was focused on 3 important variable factors that can determine the success or failure of the analyses: the age of the remains, the environmental conditions of storage and/or finding and finally, where known, the cause of death. The preliminary results of this study show that the possibility to obtain a genetic profile useful for identification purposes depends on the variables represented by age of the samples and environmental conditions of storage/finding, with a particular interest to the latter. This study shows, on the one hand, the importance of bone remains as an indisputable resource in cases of forensic interest, and on the other hand the issues related to the genetic analysis of these samples because of the frequent presence of chemical-physical factors responsible for DNA degradation and/or inhibition.","PeriodicalId":109386,"journal":{"name":"Prevention and Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130048235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Female age at first pregnancy and work task: finding correlation and evolution over the past two decades in a Sicilian province","authors":"R. Palumbo, A. Giannola","doi":"10.11138/per/2015.4.1.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/per/2015.4.1.029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":109386,"journal":{"name":"Prevention and Research","volume":"42 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126701397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational risk of scabies among healthcare workers: problem focus and personal experience","authors":"M. C. Stefano","doi":"10.11138/PER/2016.5.4.134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/PER/2016.5.4.134","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: scabies is a contagious parasitic disease which can cause hospital outbreaks, with possible involvement of sanitary staff, and considerable economic and managerial implications. The Policlinico San Matteo of Pavia adopts (since 2005) a protocol for the management of index cases, based on early patient isolation, identification of close contacts, and their prophylactic treatment. We report here descriptive data on reported cases of scabies and on the effectiveness of the","PeriodicalId":109386,"journal":{"name":"Prevention and Research","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115637625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation and prevention of maladaptive reactions in patients with gynaecological cancer: an experimental study of the expression of emotional experience.","authors":"D. Arnaldi, F. Burla, M. E. Cinti, Antonella Carli","doi":"10.11138/PER/2015.4.2.050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/PER/2015.4.2.050","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: the prevention and the early diagnosis in the treatment of breast cancer represents the main type of intervention able to change the course of the disease. The aim of the study is to highlight the peculiarities of the experience of cancer diagnosed inpatients. Materials and methods: through the content analysis the authors have examined, by performing chisquare test, 25 free content verbal reports of patients suffering from gynaecological cancer and 25 reports of patients with non-tumour disease, all in-patients in the same specialised department. Results: in the oncological patients group the results have showed the greatest frequency on emotional disorder and specific behaviour read as an expression of extended defensiveness and frequent references to the family members, in particular to the spouse and children (p<0.05). The two studied groups have in common the feelings of insecurity and the desire to obtain information about the disease. Shortly, the behaviours found in oncological patients can be traced back to the initial reaction of rejection and isolation, accompanied by an indirect request for contact with the family members. The content analysis has not disclosed the differences in the two groups about the perception of the treatment and health facilities ought to welcome the ill person. Discussion: the evaluation of the verbal reports can be the starting point to highlight and operate in any emotional disorder and maladjusted reactions which can further reduce the subjective wellbeing of the patient, compromising the adherence to the therapy and further debilitating, reducing the physical reaction against the neoplasia.","PeriodicalId":109386,"journal":{"name":"Prevention and Research","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114525739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Professional Cardiovascular Diseases: analysis of INAIL data from 2008 to 2012 and possible preventive aspects","authors":"Mariano Innocenzi","doi":"10.11138/PER/2014.3.2.054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/PER/2014.3.2.054","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":109386,"journal":{"name":"Prevention and Research","volume":"264 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130785014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Professional profiles in the healthcare field and factors associated with the development of burnout","authors":"Paola Burla","doi":"10.11138/PR/2012.1.2.062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/PR/2012.1.2.062","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The present background of the Italian National Health System requires the health professionals not only specific technical and operational skills, but also relational skills. Fast-changing work and life patterns may bring about situations which can be difficult to adapt to, even to the point of creating confusion and bewilderment.","PeriodicalId":109386,"journal":{"name":"Prevention and Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130969274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental disorders due to work-related mobbing in Abruzzo: analysis of the phenomenon between 2003-2013","authors":"F. Serri","doi":"10.11138/PER/2015.5.1.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/PER/2015.5.1.019","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: the Authors have attempted to show the real effect in the Abruzzo region of mobbing incidents and work-related stress currently assessed in the insurance department handled by INAIL For this propose, the evaluations completed by INAIL between 2003-2013 on the compensation claims for certain effects on the health of the employees stemming from conduct attributable to workplace mobbing have been examined. Materials and Methods: all the results of cases submitted to the Medical Superintendent of the Abruzzo region from January 2003 to November 2013 were taken into consideration. The cases were subjected to the following diagnostic procedure: complete medical history, inspections of the workplaces, psychiatric visits, psychodiagnostic","PeriodicalId":109386,"journal":{"name":"Prevention and Research","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125958805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benzene and cortisol: relationship in workers exposed to outdoor pollution","authors":"F. Tomei","doi":"10.11138/per/2017.6.4.070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/per/2017.6.4.070","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The purpose of our study is to assess whether individual exposure to low-dose benzene in urban air may affect the plasma concentrations of cortisol in a population of outdoor workers in a large Italian city. Materials and methods: From a population of 1594 workers, 100 outdoor workers were selected. For each worker, a blood sampling was performed to measure benzene and cortisol. KolmogorovSmirnov test was used to verify the normality of distribution of the different variables. On the total sample, student T tests were performed for 2 mode variables (sex, smoke and job) and ANOVA test for variables with more than 2 modes (age and seniority). Pearson’s correlation index between 70 Prevention & Research 2017; 6(4):70-75 the variables in the total sample and after division on the basis of sex, smoking habit and manners was evaluated. Were considered significant results with p values below 0.05. Results: Our study did not show statistically significant correlations between blood benzene levels and cortisol in none of the groups studied. Discussion: Further studies are needed to confirm the existence of possible significant association between occupational exposure to benzene and cortisol levels alteration.","PeriodicalId":109386,"journal":{"name":"Prevention and Research","volume":"336 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124721834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological monitoring of asphalt workers by urinary 1-hydroxypyrene: comparison between outdoor and indoor paving","authors":"Alberto Battaglia","doi":"10.11138/PR/2012.1.1.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/PR/2012.1.1.025","url":null,"abstract":"Introduzione: Lo studio valuta l’escrezione urinaria di 1-idrossipirene (1-OHP) in 108 lavoratori dell’asfalto che svolgevano la loro attività attenendosi scrupolosamente a criteri di carattere preventivo e protettivo coerenti con le specifiche indicazioni della Regione Lombardia. Obiettivi: Valutare la sensibilità del dosaggio dell’idrossipirene urinario come descrittore dell’esposizione a idrocarburi policiclici aromatici e valutare il contributo del fumo sull’escrezione urinaria dell’1-OHP. Metodi: Sono stati confrontati valori rilevati dopo 2 giorni di asfaltatura con valori dopo 2 giorni di inattività. Sono stati inoltre eseguiti confronti tra fumatori e non fumatori, e tra realizzazioni di pavimentazioni stradali all’aperto e asfaltatura in luoghi confinati. Risultati: Sono state riscontrate differenze non statisticamente significative nel dosaggio dell’1-OHP dopo asfaltatura rispetto all’1-OHP dopo inattività, eseguito nei medesimi soggetti. Tali differenze assumono invece significatività nel gruppo che ha svolto attività in ambiente confinato. Anche il confronto tra fumatori e non fumatori ha rilevato differenze non statisticamente significative. Conclusioni: L’1-OHP urinario è un indicatore che correla meglio con l’esposizione a fumi di bitume quando questa è particolarmente elevata, come avviene durante le operazioni di asfaltatura in luoghi confinati, mentre in caso di esposizioni molto basse, gli incrementi nella escrezione urinaria dell’indicatore, pur presenti, possono non assumere significatività statistica. Il fumo di sigaretta, noto per la sua interferenza con l’indicatore di esposizione esaminato, potrebbe averne limitato la specificità, ma non ha prodotto alterazioni significative nei test eseguiti in assenza di esposizione. Biological monitoring of asphalt workers by urinary 1-hydroxypyrene: comparison between outdoor and indoor paving www.preventionandresearch.com Jan-Mar 2012|P&R Scientific |Volume 2|N°1 82 Introduction Paving using bituminous mixtures involves a work-related exposure which depends on amount of time spent working and on the specific activity done. Variability of exposure is more relevant in terms of quantity than(for)quality of chemical hazards. Substances involved, mostly represented by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), can be a hazard through different penetration ways (1, 2, 3, 4). Bitumen which is used as glue mixed with aggregate particles to create asphalt concrete, is a non volatile residue of petroleum refining process. Due to low levels of aromatic substances contained, bitumen is not classified by EU as carcinogen, as opposed to tar, a substance with similar uses but produced by coal refinery. Bitumen is useful in paving because it is solid at room temperature but fluid or liquid at higher temperatures, therefore it is used between 150°/180° C. Operating temperatures are much lower than boiling temperatures of each PAH. Melting and boiling temperatures of the most common PAH present in the bi","PeriodicalId":109386,"journal":{"name":"Prevention and Research","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126296331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}