Prevention and Research最新文献

{"title":"Profiles in terms of medico-legal damage to death","authors":"A. Maiese","doi":"10.11138/PER/2014.3.2.051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/PER/2014.3.2.051","url":null,"abstract":"This article contains several judgments of the Court of Cassation focusing on the various matters that arise following the death of a subject, caused by an unlawful act committed by someone else, not only in the medical field, but above all in the juridical one. The ultimate goal is to analyze and clarify what are the various items of damage compensation due to the secondary victims of the offense, to the disruption that the event brought in their lives, to pecuniary and non-pecuniary damages jure proprio, as well as to the damage directly inflicted to the now dead person; well defining, furthermore, the distinction between terminal, catastrophic and thanatological biological damage, transferable to the heirs jure hereditatis. Specifically, as inherent jure proprio profile, it is clearly apparent how due is to the close relative of a person who has suffered fatal injuries, in addition to compensation for a recognized possible pecuniary damage, also the compensation for the nonpecuniary damage suffered following such event, to be regarded, for the purposes of the liquidation of the compensation thereof, the state of suffering (or state of anguish) even in the terms of his degeneration in objective relational profiles. Such damage, however, even in the case of lesions to the values of the person, should not be considered in re ipsa, since thereby the function of the related compensation would result denatured, because it would be granted not following the actual assessment, but rather as private penalty of an harmful behavior, that, instead, has to be proved by the injured in accordance with the general rule pursuant to art. 2697 c.c. Conversely with regard to the other profile (jure hereditatis), it becomes relevant the situation where, in the lapse of time between the lesion and the death, the deceased has acquired an autonomous right to the damage compensation in his own assets, for which the heirs will be able to act, within the limits of their shares. Therefore, it is clear that we need to go and verify which damages the victim suffered are claimable by inheritance by the relatives, but not regardless of the analysis of the terminal biological damage, or the catastrophic damage and the thanatological one. In this regard, the jurisprudence states that, in the event of physical injury with lethal outcome, a biological damage compensable for the benefit of the victim, transmissible to the heirs, is configurable only if the death occurred after a noticeable period of time, so that an actual impairment of the physical and psychological integrity of the injured subject can concretely be configured, and not when death supervenes either at once or shortly after the event, since this would not be the maximum possible lesion of the right to health, but of a different legal right, namely the right to life.","PeriodicalId":109386,"journal":{"name":"Prevention and Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122930899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endoluminal locoregional resection versus laparoscopic total mesorectal excision for t2 rectal cancer after neoadjuvant therapy: a randomized clinical trial","authors":"Paganini Alessandro Maria","doi":"10.11138/PR/2013.2.2.043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/PR/2013.2.2.043","url":null,"abstract":"Background: locoregional excision combined with neoadjuvant therapy may be an alternative treatment option to total mesorectal excision (TME) in selected patients with early low rectal cancer. Methods: endoluminal locoregional resection (ELRR) by transanal endoscopic microsurgery and laparoscopic TME were compared in a prospective randomized trial. Patients with rectal cancer staged clinically as cT2 N0 M0, histological grade G1-2, tumour less than 3 cm in diameter, within 6 cm from the anal verge were randomized to ELRR or TME after long course neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. All statistical analyses were performed using SAS®version 9.1 (SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina, USA). The Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to evaluate differences in continuous data between the two surgical procedures. Qualitative data were analysed by means of χ2 test or Fisher’s exact test (if expected frequencies were lower than 5). The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the cumulative probabilities according to surgical procedure and the log rank test to compare the resulting curves. Cox regression analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of prognostic factors on the probability of developing the above events. Results: there were 50 patients in each group. Tumour downstaging and downsizing rates after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy were 51 and 26% respectively, and were similar in both groups. All patients had R0 resection with tumour-free resection margins. At long-term follow-up, local recurrence had developed in four patients (8%) after ELRR and three (6%) after TME. Distant metastases occurred in two patients (4%) in each group. There was no statistically significant difference in disease-free survival (P = 0,686). Conclusion: in selected patients, ELRR had similar oncological results to TME.","PeriodicalId":109386,"journal":{"name":"Prevention and Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121636260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stem cell separation from cord blood","authors":"C. Pafumi","doi":"10.11138/PER/2017.6.2.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/PER/2017.6.2.024","url":null,"abstract":"Background: stem cells can be found in places like bone marrow and fat tissue, but the youngest, most flexible stem cells in the body come from the umbilical cord. Several studies have shown the simplicity of umbilical cord blood collection, however, stem cell separation method together with other factors such as unit size, maternal factors such as number of previous pregnancies age of the mother can affect the stem cells harvested from cord blood. The aim of the work was to compare the outcome of three different methods for cord blood stem cells separation. Material and methods: the study was carried out on 17 samples of umbilical cord blood collected from Santo Bambino Maternity Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Catania (Italy). In this study we divided the samples in 3 groups each of 20 cord blood sample and used them to evaluate three separation methods: density gradient separation using Ficoll-Paque, an automated processing and harvesting system using AXP autoxpress thermogenesis and magnetic bead separation method using MACS Columns and MACS Separa-","PeriodicalId":109386,"journal":{"name":"Prevention and Research","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114436710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The value of Mental Coaching in the prevention and protection of workers health","authors":"G. Tomei","doi":"10.11138/PER/2014.3.3.084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/PER/2014.3.3.084","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":109386,"journal":{"name":"Prevention and Research","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121749046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between urinary nickel and FSH plasma values in workers occupationally exposed to urban stressors","authors":"S. D. Sio","doi":"10.11138/PR/2013.2.4.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/PR/2013.2.4.131","url":null,"abstract":"Background: there is a growing concern about the adverse health effects of air pollution on the exposed populations. An important aspect of these effects concerns the endocrine disruption. Diesel exhaust particles, in particular, possess estrogenic, anti-estrogenic, and antiandrogenic disruptor properties that may have a potential negative impact on both male and female reproductive function. Clinical studies on this topic associated Ni exposure with an increased risk of toxicity of the prostrate, infertility, and testicular toxicity. Objectives: the aim of the study is to assess the relationship between occupational exposure to airborne nickel (Ni) and alterations of plasma FSH in workers of the Municipal Police assigned to different types of outdoor tasks. Methods: 359 male subjects were enrolled and divided on the basis of job, age, length of service, and smoking habit. Exposure to airborne Ni, dosage of urinary Ni and plasma FSH were carried out. The normal distribution of variables was assessed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The results of atmospheric Ni were expressed in terms of mean, standard deviation (SD), median, geometric mean, and range. The comparison between means was performed using the t-test for independent samples, the MannWhitney U test was used for variables with two modes, ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test were used for variables with more than two modes. Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression analysis was applied after the logarithmic transformation of the data. The results were considered significant if p values were less than 0.05. Results: a positive constant correlation was found between the values of urinary Ni and plasma FSH on the total sample and for all classes of subdivision. These results were confirmed by multiple linear regression analysis, which indicated Ni as the only significant variable that can contribute to the alterations in FSH. Discussion: the endocrine disruptors are exogenous agents that have the ability to interfere in the functioning of the endocrine system by altering the production, release, transport, metabolism, and mechanisms of hormone actions. The alterations caused by these agents may be temporary or permanent. Exposure to these endocrine disruptors can alter hormone metabolism of the exposed subjects, altering the synthesis and/or release of testosterone, FSH, and LH. Conclusions: based on the results, it is suggested that occupational exposure to low doses of airborne Ni is able to influence some lines of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in exposed workers.","PeriodicalId":109386,"journal":{"name":"Prevention and Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128695455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Woman and Work","authors":"F. Tomei","doi":"10.11138/per/2018.7.1.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/per/2018.7.1.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":109386,"journal":{"name":"Prevention and Research","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125112818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Work and sleep physiology","authors":"Cristina Cardeccia","doi":"10.11138/PER/2016.5.2.058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/PER/2016.5.2.058","url":null,"abstract":"Sleep is a circadian process coordinated by a pacemaker rhythm generated in the hypothalamus. It is influenced by both exogenous and endogenous factors such as body temperature, lightdark cycle and other factors connected to individual variability (morning/serotine chronotype, long/short sleeper). Sleep is structured in distinct phases defined REM and NON-REM which differ according to the synchronization of the EEG and for the variability of some body functions. Numerous studies have proved that insomnia is the most common sleep disorder worldwide. Sleep disorders have destructive consequences on individual health and can affect the quality of work in terms of injuries, accidents, absenteeism and performance. On the other hand, some working conditions (shift work, work-related stress) may themselves cause sleep impairment leading to the same negative consequences. Among the sleep disorders that are of interest in Occupational Medicine, a leading role is given to syndromes characterized by Excessive Daytime Sleepiness including restless legs syndrome, periodic limb movements and obstructive sleep apnea (OSAS). OSAS is characterized by repeated episodes of upper airway obstruction with sleep apnea followed by a restarting ventilation that cause reduction of sleep or awakening. Occupational Medicine wants to face the problem in terms of prevention and intervention.","PeriodicalId":109386,"journal":{"name":"Prevention and Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130799140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psycho-behavioral vulnerability of adolescent binge drinkers","authors":"M. Gatta","doi":"10.11138/PER/2014.3.2.064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/PER/2014.3.2.064","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: the aim of this work was to study the relationship between binge drinking and psychopathological vulnerability, in terms of internalizing and externalizing problems, in adolescents, based on the assumption that binge drinkers have worse psycho-behavioral problems than nondrinkers or moderate drinkers. Materials and Methods: our analysis was conducted on a sample of 441 students aged between 14 and 17 years (mean age 15.10 years ±1.23 SD) attending several secondary schools in Padua and the surrounding province who volunteered to take part in the study. They were administered the Youth Self Report (YSR 11-18, T. Achenbach) to identify elements of psychopathological vulnerability and an ad hoc Questionnaire on Adolescents’ Saturday evenings (QASS) to obtain information on the modality and quantity of their alcohol consumption. Results: a statistically significant relationship was identified between binge drinking and psychopathological vulnerability (F(2, 433)=22.214, p=0.00000). A correlation was also reported between the adolescents’ age and their alcohol consumption, older age corresponding to more units of alcohol (UA) being consumed, i.e. consumption rose from a mean 0.2 UA at 13 years old to a mean 2 UA at 17 years of age). By number of alcohol we consider the number of drinks taken by the subjects during a night. Alcohol abuse was found associated with gender and the adolescents’ social and recreational habits (in terms of their economic resources, the time they returned home, and the places where they spent the evening). Conclusions: an association was identified between binge drinking behavior and psycho-behavioral disorders of externalizing type. Other variables that influence alcohol consumption, such as adolescents, could be monitored by the parents, if properly sensitized, this opens a perspective on preventive interventions that also involve adults.","PeriodicalId":109386,"journal":{"name":"Prevention and Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117243046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma glucose levels and flight","authors":"G. Tomei, B. Loreti, M. V. Rosati, E. Tomao, F. Sinibaldi, S. D. Sio, T. Casale, B. Pimpinella, C. Pastena, F. Tomei, S. Stansfeld, J. Andrè, T. Caciari","doi":"10.11138/PR/2013.2.3.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/PR/2013.2.3.115","url":null,"abstract":"1 Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, \"Sapienza\" University of Rome, Italy 2 Department of Anatomy, Histology, Medical-Legal and Orthopaedics, Unit of Occupational Medicine, “Sapienza\" University of Rome, Italy 3 General Office for Military Health-Defence General Staff, Rome, Italy 4 Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary's School of Medicine & Dentistry, London 5 INSIS-CNRS, 3 rue Michel Ange F75016 Paris, France LRGP UPR 3349 CNRS University of Lorraine – 1, rue Grandville F54000 Nancy, France","PeriodicalId":109386,"journal":{"name":"Prevention and Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131263061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Addetti al videoterminale e fatica mentale” - lavoro al videoterminale: i rischi di una indispensabile tecnologia","authors":"G. Tomei, S. Sio, M. Anzani, A. Concetti, C. Leggeri, C. Monti, N. Nardone, F. Tomei, Angela Sancini","doi":"10.7362/2240-2594.051.2011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7362/2240-2594.051.2011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":109386,"journal":{"name":"Prevention and Research","volume":"250 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133072455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}