Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management最新文献_第10页

Nutrition of Florida lawns when summer fertilizer blackout period is enforced 夏季肥料禁用期时佛罗里达州草坪的营养状况

IF 0.6

Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.1002/cft2.20265

I. Alejandra Sierra Augustinus, P. Agustin Boeri, A. Fernanda Arevalo Alvarenga, J. Bryan Unruh, Marco Schiavon

{"title":"Nutrition of Florida lawns when summer fertilizer blackout period is enforced","authors":"I. Alejandra Sierra Augustinus, P. Agustin Boeri, A. Fernanda Arevalo Alvarenga, J. Bryan Unruh, Marco Schiavon","doi":"10.1002/cft2.20265","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cft2.20265","url":null,"abstract":"In Florida, multiple counties restrict the application of N to turfgrass and landscapes during the summer rainy season. These summer fertilizer blackout periods could impact turfgrass quality and the functionality of warm-season turfgrass species. A 2-year study was conducted at the University of Florida's Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center (FLREC) and West Florida Research and Education Center (WFREC) to assess turfgrass performance of ‘Floratam’ and ‘Classic’ St. Augustinegrass [Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walter) Kuntze] as well as ‘Empire’ and ‘Palisades’ zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.), respectively, receiving no N fertilization during summer blackout period using eight fertilization programs compared to an unfertilized control. Visual quality, normalized difference vegetation index, percentage green cover, and dark green color index were assessed biweekly. Roots were collected before and after the fertilizer blackout period to determine root dry weight. While no differences were detected in St. Augustinegrass at the FLREC and zoysiagrass at the WFREC, all fertilized treatments except urea reached and maintained an acceptable turfgrass quality (≥6) throughout the blackout period, suggesting that urea by itself was not sufficient to support an optimal turfgrass performance during a fertilizer blackout period. The addition of P to nutrition programs did not influence turfgrass quality. Results indicate that N source is the most important factor to sustain turfgrass quality year-round in Florida.","PeriodicalId":10931,"journal":{"name":"Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cft2.20265","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139167309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of in-canopy foliar fungicide applications in corn on spray coverage 在玉米冠层内施用叶面杀菌剂对喷洒覆盖率的影响

IF 0.6

Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management Pub Date : 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.1002/cft2.20264

Nolan R. Anderson, Kiersten A. Wise

{"title":"Effect of in-canopy foliar fungicide applications in corn on spray coverage","authors":"Nolan R. Anderson, Kiersten A. Wise","doi":"10.1002/cft2.20264","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cft2.20264","url":null,"abstract":"Foliar fungicides are available to suppress Diplodia ear rot (DER), caused by Stenocarpella maydis (Berk.) Sutton and Stenocarpella macrospora (Earle) Sutton) in corn (Zea mays L.), but previous research has indicated these fungicides have limited efficacy against the disease using traditional over-canopy application methods. In an effort to improve coverage within the canopy and potentially improve disease control of DER, experiments were conducted in 2020, 2021, and 2022 to examine the effect of ground-driven, in-canopy fungicide nozzle technology on DER severity and spray coverage on the ear leaf and ear of corn plants. Application methods included over-canopy nozzles, over-canopy + drop nozzles, and over-canopy + 360 Undercover nozzles. Within each application method, treatments consisted of a non-inoculated control, or were inoculated with a conidial suspension of S. maydis. The fungicides benzovindiflupyr + azoxystrobin + propiconazole and pydiflumetofen + azoxystrobin + propiconazole were applied within each application method to measure efficacy against DER. In all years, neither fungicide product nor application method reduced DER severity. No fungicide applications increased yield compared to the non-treated control. The addition of drop nozzles or 360 Undercover nozzles to traditional over-canopy nozzles increased spray coverage on the ear (P < 0.0001) compared to over-canopy nozzles alone.","PeriodicalId":10931,"journal":{"name":"Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139179077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Survey of herbicide and fungicide use in peanut in North Carolina and Virginia in the United States 美国北卡罗来纳州和弗吉尼亚州花生除草剂和杀真菌剂使用情况调查

IF 0.6

Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.1002/cft2.20263

David L. Jordan, Dan Anco, Maria Balota, David Langston, LeAnn Lux, Barbara Shew, Rick L. Brandenburg

引用次数: 0

Farmer insights on harvesting peanut: A survey from the Virginia–Carolina region of the United States 农民对收获花生的见解：美国弗吉尼亚-卡罗莱纳地区调查

IF 0.6

Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1002/cft2.20262

David L. Jordan, Dan Anco, Maria Balota, Rick L. Brandenburg

引用次数: 0

Influence of fungicide selection and application timing on take-all root rot management under field and greenhouse conditions 在田间和温室条件下，杀菌剂的选择和施用时机对全蚀根腐病防治的影响

IF 0.6

Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management Pub Date : 2023-11-22 DOI: 10.1002/cft2.20261

Cameron M. Stephens, Travis W. Gannon, Marc A. Cubeta, James P. Kerns

{"title":"Influence of fungicide selection and application timing on take-all root rot management under field and greenhouse conditions","authors":"Cameron M. Stephens, Travis W. Gannon, Marc A. Cubeta, James P. Kerns","doi":"10.1002/cft2.20261","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cft2.20261","url":null,"abstract":"Take-all root rot (TARR) is a detrimental disease of ultradwarf bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon × Cynodon transvaalensis; UDB) putting greens frequently diagnosed where warm-season grasses are grown. Since this disease is largely aggregated and variable under field conditions, field research is difficult and often yields inconsistent results. Multiple pathogens have only recently been associated with this disease, so practical management solutions such as fungicide efficacy and fungicide application timing have not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, the objectives of this research were to determine the influence of fungicide selection and fungicide application timing on take-all root rot management under field and greenhouse conditions. In general, fungicides from the quinone outside inhibitor and/or demethylation inhibitor chemical classes provided the greatest reduction in take-all root rot severity. Fungicide applications that were made when soil temperatures were between 77–86°F provided the greatest disease suppression. The in vivo greenhouse method developed in this research proved to be an efficient and consistent method to evaluate management practices such as fungicide efficacy on take-all root rot. This research improves our understanding of fungicide efficacy and fungicide application timing for take-all root rot management on ultradwarf bermudagrass.","PeriodicalId":10931,"journal":{"name":"Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139248505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Increasing mowing height and nitrogen fertility does not enhance unirrigated centipedegrass summer drought stress 提高刈割高度和氮肥肥力不会增强未灌溉蜈蚣草的夏季干旱压力

IF 0.6

Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management Pub Date : 2023-11-11 DOI: 10.1002/cft2.20260

Mike Adams, Jeffrey Beasley, Jeff Kuehny, Dylan Watson

{"title":"Increasing mowing height and nitrogen fertility does not enhance unirrigated centipedegrass summer drought stress","authors":"Mike Adams, Jeffrey Beasley, Jeff Kuehny, Dylan Watson","doi":"10.1002/cft2.20260","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cft2.20260","url":null,"abstract":"Proper N fertilization and higher mowing heights are recommended to enhance rooting for greater turfgrass summer drought stress. To examine the effects of these primary cultural practices on centipedegrass [Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack.] drought response in the mid-Southern United States, a study was conducted to evaluate four mowing heights (1, 2, 3 and 4 inches) and N fertilization versus no fertilization. During the study, roots were periodically harvested at upper (0–3 inches) and lower (3–6 inches) soil depths, and roots were analyzed for architecture which included root length (RL) and surface area (SA), and root weight (RW). In July, plant-soil cores were subjected to 36-day drought simulation under greenhouse conditions. All turfgrass exhibited a pattern of decreasing leaf quality as drought progressed with unfertilized treatments maintaining acceptable leaf color (≥5) for 19 days at 5.9 compared to 4.8 for fertilized centipedegrass regardless of mowing height. In the field, root architecture and biomass across all mowing heights, fertilities, and soil depths peaked at 883.9 inches, 35.6 in2, and 5.8 grains for RL, SA, and RW, respectively, six weeks prior to drought simulation (WDPS) before declining to 740.5 inches, 29.6 in2, and 4.9 grains at the initiation of the drought simulation. The inability of N fertility and mowing height to enhance root growth particularly from spring into summer indicates soil temperatures may be a factor in centipedegrass root growth and thus drought stress avoidance.","PeriodicalId":10931,"journal":{"name":"Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cft2.20260","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135042501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preference of dhurrin-free sorghum by ewes 母羊对不含杜林的高粱的偏爱

IF 0.6

Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.1002/cft2.20259

Shelby M. Gruss, Keith D. Johnson, John Scott Radcliffe, Ronald P. Lemenager, Mitchell R. Tuinstra

{"title":"Preference of dhurrin-free sorghum by ewes","authors":"Shelby M. Gruss, Keith D. Johnson, John Scott Radcliffe, Ronald P. Lemenager, Mitchell R. Tuinstra","doi":"10.1002/cft2.20259","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cft2.20259","url":null,"abstract":"Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is a resilient forage crop due to its drought tolerance and adaptation to low-N environments. Sorghum produces a cyanogenic glucoside called dhurrin. The breakdown of dhurrin leads to the release of hydrogen cyanide (HCN), which can cause cyanide toxicity in livestock. Dhurrin-free sorghum lines have been developed through chemical mutagenesis by mutagenizing the gene for the first enzyme, CYP79A1, in the biosynthetic pathway. The CYP79A1 mutation was bred into sorghum lines to create a dhurrin-free experimental hybrid. Grazing preference of ewes was assessed when allocated to the dhurrin-free hybrid and three commercial hybrids. Near isogenic lines (NIL), contrasting in dhurrin production, were also compared for grazing preference. Forage mass was measured before and after grazing to determine the amount of forage mass grazed by the ewes. An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) was flown to quantify changes in normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) over time for each hybrid. The nutritive values of the hybrids were also evaluated. The dhurrin-free hybrid was grazed 19% and 13% more (p-value ≤ 0.05) in comparison to the commercial hybrids for the second and third grazing cycles in 2019 and 2020. The NIL Tx623 bmr6 CYP79A1, was grazed 20% more than Tx623 bmr6 in two grazing cycles in 2020. Remote sensing data showed a similar pattern with the dhurrin-free hybrid having the largest decline in NDVI for three grazing cycles in 2019. Nutritive value of the dhurrin-free hybrid was similar to the two hybrids with the brown midrib (bmr) trait.","PeriodicalId":10931,"journal":{"name":"Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cft2.20259","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135972843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Using ethephon for seedhead suppression of ‘KSUZ 0802’ (Innovation) zoysiagrass 用乙烯利抑制KSUZ 0802(创新)结缕草的种头

IF 0.6

Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.1002/cft2.20257

Manoj Chhetri, Jack D. Fry, Megan M. Kennelly

{"title":"Using ethephon for seedhead suppression of ‘KSUZ 0802’ (Innovation) zoysiagrass","authors":"Manoj Chhetri, Jack D. Fry, Megan M. Kennelly","doi":"10.1002/cft2.20257","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cft2.20257","url":null,"abstract":"‘KSUZ 0802’ zoysiagrass (Innovation zoysiagrass, Zoysia matrella × Z. japonica) is a new cultivar that provides a high-quality playing surface on golf course fairways and tees. However, seedheads produced in late spring disrupt the playing surface. The plant growth regulator (PGR) ethephon has produced variable results in prior studies in suppressing zoysiagrass seedheads, and information for KSUZ 0802 is lacking. A two-year field experiment was conducted from 2019–2021 in Manhattan, KS, to assess the performance of ethephon (Proxy) on seedhead suppression of KSUZ 0802 zoysiagrass. Treatments included ethephon applied in a single application at 5 fl. oz. 1000 ft−2 on multiple dates between August and November. Seedhead suppression was determined by counting seedheads in late spring. Ethephon applied in September provided >60% seedhead suppression; however, when applied during other months, variations were large between the two study years. Applying ethephon when accumulated cooling degree days (68°F base) were <37 resulted in >70% seedhead suppression, except for application on September 25, 2019. Late August ethephon applications, despite achieving good seedhead suppression (ranging from 54 to 80%), caused transient yet commercially unacceptable injury to KSUZ 0802 in both years. Application timing affected turf quality in late spring as KSUZ 0802 with fewer seedheads had better quality post-mowing, but no effect on spring greenup was observed. Ethephon can be an effective PGR for seedhead suppression in KSUZ 0802 zoysiagrass. However, careful consideration of application timing is essential as applying ethephon in late summer or late autumn can produce undesirable results.","PeriodicalId":10931,"journal":{"name":"Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136262726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of fall harvest time on forage yield and nutritive value of three alfalfa cultivars with different root types 秋收时间对3个不同根型紫花苜蓿品种饲料产量和营养价值的影响

IF 0.6

Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management Pub Date : 2023-10-26 DOI: 10.1002/cft2.20256

Allan Foster, Cecil L. Vera, Sukhdev S. Malhi, Kabal S. Gill, Bill Biligetu

{"title":"Effect of fall harvest time on forage yield and nutritive value of three alfalfa cultivars with different root types","authors":"Allan Foster, Cecil L. Vera, Sukhdev S. Malhi, Kabal S. Gill, Bill Biligetu","doi":"10.1002/cft2.20256","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cft2.20256","url":null,"abstract":"Warmer than normal late fall temperatures may change standard fall harvest management of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) in western Canada. The objective of this study was to evaluate the forage yield and nutritive value of three types of alfalfa cultivars under different harvest managements. A field experiment was conducted from 2013 to 2017 using rhizomatous type (RR), cv. AC Yellowhead (M. sativa subsp. falcata), tap root type (TR), cv. Equinox (ssp. sativa) and creeping root type (CR), cv. Spredor 4 alfalfa (ssp. sativa), at Melfort, SK, Canada. The five harvest treatments were two 1-cut systems (early July or late July) and three 2-cut systems (early July + early or late September, late July + late September). Total forage yield was greater in TR and CR alfalfa than RR alfalfa; however, RR alfalfa had higher total forage yield under dry growing conditions versus CR alfalfa. The three alfalfa cultivars had a similar response to 2-cut harvest managements. The first cut yield was affected by the timing of the second cut of the previous year with the early September harvest reducing yield more than the late September. Three alfalfa cultivars had similar crude protein (CP), total digestible nutrient (TDN), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) concentrations. There was a significant nutrient yield benefit of TR and CR alfalfa under a 2-cut system over the RR alfalfa. Although the prairie climate is warming, the findings suggest that a fall rest period until late September is recommended regardless of alfalfa types to maintain high hay yield over multiple years.","PeriodicalId":10931,"journal":{"name":"Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134908158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Insect ear-feeding impacts Gibberella ear rot and deoxynivalenol accumulation in corn grain 昆虫食穗影响玉米粒中吉伯菌穗腐病和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇的积累

IF 0.6

Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management Pub Date : 2023-10-26 DOI: 10.1002/cft2.20258

Maninder P. Singh, Christina D. DiFonzo, Katlin M. Fusilier, Harkirat Kaur, Martin I. Chilvers

{"title":"Insect ear-feeding impacts Gibberella ear rot and deoxynivalenol accumulation in corn grain","authors":"Maninder P. Singh, Christina D. DiFonzo, Katlin M. Fusilier, Harkirat Kaur, Martin I. Chilvers","doi":"10.1002/cft2.20258","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cft2.20258","url":null,"abstract":"High deoxynivalenol (DON) levels in corn (Zea mays L.) is a grain quality issue for many growers in the US Great Lakes region. High DON levels can be attributed to the interaction of environment, pathogen (Fusarium spp. causing ear rot), and hybrid susceptibility. However, ear-feeding insects can provide easy access for fungal infection and increase DON accumulation, hence the evaluation of insect protection strategies such as hybrid insecticidal proteins is crucial. Field trials were conducted at four locations in Michigan to study the impact of hybrids insect protection trait on ear injury, ear rot infection, and DON levels. Fungicide application (prothioconazole at silking stage) was conducted at two locations and included non-treated control. Insect feeding incidence (IFI) and ear rot incidence (ERI) were correlated at three locations but were stronger at locations with environments not conducive to fungal growth soon after silking. Correlation between IFI and DON was observed only at locations with highest insect pressure. Hybrid with Vip3A protein reduced IFI by >70% at all locations but lowered DON concentration at one out of three tested locations compared to non-Vip3A hybrids. Fungicide application reduced ear rot severity at one of two locations but did not impact ERI or DON levels. Overall, results showed that ear-feeding by insects can lead to an increase in ear rot and DON levels, and use of hybrids with Vip3A protein can reduce DON levels especially under high insect pressure.","PeriodicalId":10931,"journal":{"name":"Crop, Forage and Turfgrass Management","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cft2.20258","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136376594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0