{"title":"Upper Extremity Neuropathies in Athletes.","authors":"Derek C Stokes, Kevin Toole, Daniel M Cushman","doi":"10.1249/JSR.0000000000001297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/JSR.0000000000001297","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Upper extremity neuropathies are an important and sometimes overlooked etiology of upper extremity pain and dysfunction in athletes. While classic neuropathic symptoms such as numbness, paresthesias, and weakness in the distribution of the affected peripheral nerve can occur, clinical presentations are often subtle and nonspecific. On physical exam, clinicians may identify neurological deficits, Tinel sign over the suspected compression site, and positive provocative tests reproducing symptoms. Diagnostic tools such as EMG/NCS and imaging modalities (radiographs, ultrasound, and MRI) can help confirm the diagnosis. Treatment usually begins with nonoperative approaches, though surgery may be needed if symptoms persist or worsen. This article provides an updated review of the evaluation and management of common upper extremity neuropathies in athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10922,"journal":{"name":"Current sports medicine reports","volume":"24 11","pages":"356-365"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145430524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Curious Coaching Calls for Young Athletes Training in Heat or Hiking Up Mountains.","authors":"E Randy Eichner","doi":"10.1249/JSR.0000000000001298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/JSR.0000000000001298","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10922,"journal":{"name":"Current sports medicine reports","volume":"24 11","pages":"349-350"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145430585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wesley R Cole, Benjamin L Brett, Landon B Lempke, Rebekah Mannix, J D DeFreese, Ruben J Echemendia, Michael McCrea, Kevin M Guskiewicz, William P Meehan
{"title":"Neither American Football Playing Position Nor Total Years Playing Football Are Associated with Neurobehavioral Health Outcomes: An NFL-LONG Study.","authors":"Wesley R Cole, Benjamin L Brett, Landon B Lempke, Rebekah Mannix, J D DeFreese, Ruben J Echemendia, Michael McCrea, Kevin M Guskiewicz, William P Meehan","doi":"10.1249/JSR.0000000000001300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/JSR.0000000000001300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Years playing American football and primary playing position are often used to estimate concussion exposure. We examined associations between playing position and total years played with concussion history and neurobehavioral outcomes among former (N = 1544) National Football League players in the NFL-LONG study. Outcomes included the PROMIS Cognitive, Depression, and Anxiety T-scores, and Neuro-QOL Emotional-Behavioral Dyscontrol T-scores. Playing position was categorized as offensive/defensive linemen, running back/linebacker/tight end, quarterback/wide receiver/defensive back, and special teams. Analysis of variance tested differences between years played across position groups. Multivariable regressions estimated associations between years played, position group, and their interaction for outcomes, adjusting for covariates. There was no significant difference in years played across playing positions, and no statistically or clinically significant findings linking position, years played, or their interaction with negative neurobehavioral outcomes. These findings suggest concussion history should be directly assessed and considered alongside other exposure indicators to better understand neurobehavioral outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10922,"journal":{"name":"Current sports medicine reports","volume":"24 11","pages":"372-379"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145430533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Treatment of Trochlear Osteochondritis Dissecans in a Competitive Adolescent Soccer Player-A Case Report.","authors":"Riley Hemstock, Jansen Johnson, Darren de Sa","doi":"10.1249/JSR.0000000000001288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/JSR.0000000000001288","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10922,"journal":{"name":"Current sports medicine reports","volume":"24 10","pages":"309-312"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145291573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christoph Hellmund, Jeanette Henkelmann, Yasmin Youssef, Jan Theopold, Pierre Hepp, Ralf Henkelmann
{"title":"Bilateral Acute Exertional Compartment Syndrome of the Thighs: A Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Christoph Hellmund, Jeanette Henkelmann, Yasmin Youssef, Jan Theopold, Pierre Hepp, Ralf Henkelmann","doi":"10.1249/JSR.0000000000001289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/JSR.0000000000001289","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10922,"journal":{"name":"Current sports medicine reports","volume":"24 10","pages":"313-316"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145291602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Can You Outrun a Bad Diet?","authors":"Jason Karp","doi":"10.1249/JSR.0000000000001287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/JSR.0000000000001287","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10922,"journal":{"name":"Current sports medicine reports","volume":"24 10","pages":"307-308"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145291563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Morteza Khodaee, Matthew Tuttle, Sabiha Gati, David Webner, Cindy J Chang, Tyler Collings, Ricard Pruna, Matthew Buckthorpe, Eduardo Mauri, Jack Spittler
{"title":"Injury Risk Reduction Strategies in Professional Football (Soccer): What Is the Evidence?","authors":"Morteza Khodaee, Matthew Tuttle, Sabiha Gati, David Webner, Cindy J Chang, Tyler Collings, Ricard Pruna, Matthew Buckthorpe, Eduardo Mauri, Jack Spittler","doi":"10.1249/JSR.0000000000001290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/JSR.0000000000001290","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Football (soccer) is the most popular sport worldwide. A wide variety of injuries occur at different competitive levels. Some of these injuries are rare, but may have devastating consequences for players, such as anterior cruciate ligament rupture. On the other hand, there are more common injuries, such as mild muscle strains, that usually result in a short return-to-play period. There is a paucity of existing evidence supporting the use of specific preventative practices for certain injuries. The purpose of this review is to highlight current injury prevention measures that are used among professional football players and to review the level of evidence for each specific program. The resources available in professional football can lend itself to conduct high-level research to develop injury prevention programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":10922,"journal":{"name":"Current sports medicine reports","volume":"24 10","pages":"317-329"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145291566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Commotio Cordis in Sports.","authors":"Kamilla Beisenova, Rachelle Mendola, Geoffrey McCullen","doi":"10.1249/JSR.0000000000001292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/JSR.0000000000001292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>On January 2, 2023, Damar Hamlin collapsed after a routine tackle during a nationally televised football game and was diagnosed with commotio cordis. This rare but dangerous condition occurs when a blunt chest impact disrupts the heart's rhythm, leading to cardiac arrest. Hamlin's survival, thanks to immediate CPR and defibrillation, highlights the risks athletes face from chest trauma and the importance of timely response. This paper reviews current literature on commotio cordis, emphasizing its under-recognition in sports. It explores prevention strategies, including enhanced protective gear, sports rule changes, and preparticipation screening. The review also stresses the need for educating athletes and coaches on the risks and proper emergency response protocols with commotio cordis. With these measures, the incidence of commotio cordis in sports can be significantly reduced.</p>","PeriodicalId":10922,"journal":{"name":"Current sports medicine reports","volume":"24 10","pages":"339-342"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145291557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deen L Garba, Evans Osuji, Kellen Knowles, Matthew W Martinez, Lili A Barouch
{"title":"How Do We Address Racial Disparities in Sports Cardiology?","authors":"Deen L Garba, Evans Osuji, Kellen Knowles, Matthew W Martinez, Lili A Barouch","doi":"10.1249/JSR.0000000000001293","DOIUrl":"10.1249/JSR.0000000000001293","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Black individuals in the United States experience a disproportionate burden of cardiovascular disease, driven by higher prevalence of traditional risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and hyperlipidemia, as well as the enduring impact of structural racism, socioeconomic inequality, and environmental injustice. These disparities contribute to elevated cardiovascular mortality and sudden cardiac death, including among competitive athletes. Additionally, Black athletes face a higher risk of cardiac arrest and are more likely to have preparticipation electrocardiograms misclassified as abnormal, which can lead to inappropriate disqualification from sport. Current diagnostic standards reinforce systemic bias and perpetuate the myth of biological racial determinism. Instead, a race-conscious approach - one that integrates the social determinants of health, develops inclusive diagnostic reference ranges, and ensures equitable access to preventive care - can reduce false positives, improve risk stratification, and foster more equitable clinical decision-making. Addressing these disparities requires comprehensive strategies, including upstream investment in equitable health systems and downstream implementation of culturally competent, evidence-based care tailored to athletes' needs. By shifting the focus from race as a biological construct to race as a proxy for structural inequities, sports cardiology can advance toward a more just and prevention-focused model that improves cardiovascular outcomes for all athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10922,"journal":{"name":"Current sports medicine reports","volume":"24 10","pages":"343-347"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145291580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Taesung Kim, YuanDian Zheng, Eric Twohey, Etienne Rossert, John Neidecker
{"title":"The Clinical Management of Professional Mixed Martial Arts Athletes Returning to Play after ACDF.","authors":"Taesung Kim, YuanDian Zheng, Eric Twohey, Etienne Rossert, John Neidecker","doi":"10.1249/JSR.0000000000001291","DOIUrl":"10.1249/JSR.0000000000001291","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Cervical spine injuries in mixed martial arts athletes present unique challenges, especially regarding return to play after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. While single-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion has shown favorable return to play outcomes in collision sports, mixed martial arts involves higher cervical impact forces, increasing the risk of adjacent segment disease, muscle imbalances, and proprioceptive deficits. Return to play following multilevel anterior cervical discectomy and fusion remains controversial, with limited data and no standardized guidelines. Rehabilitation post-anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for mixed martial arts athletes should focus on early mobilization, trunk stabilization, advanced neck-specific exercises, and addressing psychological barriers like fear-avoidance behavior through multidisciplinary care. These concepts are highlighted through a case study of a 37-year-old professional Ultimate Fighting Championship athlete who successfully returned to competition within 6 months after two-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. This case emphasizes phased rehabilitation strategies, from postoperative management to precompetition training, underscoring gaps in advanced cervical training and psychological support. Future research should develop evidence-based guidelines to enhance safety performance in mixed martial arts.</p>","PeriodicalId":10922,"journal":{"name":"Current sports medicine reports","volume":"24 10","pages":"330-338"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145291518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}