DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"An electrospun PCL/PVA-chitosan nanofiber scaffold loaded with selenium nanoparticles promotes antibacterial activity and accelerates wound healing: synthesis, characterization, and in-vivo evaluation.","authors":"Misagh Fathy, Masoud Ghorbani, Mohammad Sadegh Hashemzadeh","doi":"10.1007/s40199-026-00672-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40199-026-00672-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic, epidermal full-thickness wounds present a critical clinical challenge due to high risks of infection, impaired healing, and lack of advanced dressings that synergistically combine antibacterial efficacy with tissue regeneration.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to design and evaluate a multifunctional nanofibrous scaffold that simultaneously addresses anti-infection, mechanical support, and controlled tissue remodeling.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A tri-component nanofibrous scaffold composed of polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan, and polycaprolactone was fabricated via electrospinning. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were incorporated to impart antibacterial and pro-healing properties. The scaffold was characterized for morphological, mechanical, and biological attributes. In vivo performance was assessed using a murine epidermal full-thickness wound model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The scaffold demonstrated significantly enhanced mechanical properties and exhibited potent antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli. Controlled release of SeNPs reduced initial cytotoxic burst effects. In vivo tests confirmed accelerated wound closure and superior tissue regeneration compared to controls CONCLUSION: The SeNP-functionalized nanofibrous scaffold represents a promising therapeutic platform for epidermal full-thickness wound healing, effectively combining mechanical robustness, antibacterial action, and biocompatibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":10888,"journal":{"name":"DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"34 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13676610/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Nanosizing: Mechanism-Guided Design and Rational Selection of Polymeric and Lipid Nanocarriers for Translatable Drug Delivery.","authors":"Bishal Singh, Abhisekh Sah, Rajesh Gautam, Gaurav Thakur, Deepak Kumar, Jigyasa Jayaswal, Shivam Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s40199-026-00676-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40199-026-00676-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nanosizing can modify dissolution and carrier behaviour, but particle size alone does not determine clinically useful exposure.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare polymeric and lipid-based nanocarriers using a mechanism-guided framework that links payload properties, composition, process conditions, biological barriers, critical quality attributes (CQAs), and translational risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A critical narrative review with a structured scoping update was performed using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar during manuscript preparation. The intended publication window was 2010-2025, with earlier seminal studies retained where mechanistically necessary. Because exact search dates, an auditable database export, screening counts, and independent-reviewer records were not preserved, this review is not presented as a systematic review and no pooled effect estimate is reported.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Polymeric systems can stabilize selected amorphous or molecularly dispersed payloads and tune release through diffusion, hydration, and degradation, whereas lipid systems can support lipid-phase solubilization, digestion-dependent oral absorption, membrane interaction, and nucleic-acid delivery. Across both classes, precipitation, release failure, phase transformation, protein-corona and immune effects, endosomal sequestration, and process drift can disconnect favorable in vitro attributes from human pharmacology. Clinical examples show product-specific changes in disposition, safety, or efficacy rather than a universal bioavailability multiplier.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Rational nanocarrier selection should start from a testable mechanism and a defined translational risk, then be challenged with route-relevant biological assays, exposure measurements, safety data, and manufacturing comparability. The proposed framework is hypothesis-generating and requires prospective validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10888,"journal":{"name":"DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"34 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13676591/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurotensin modulation of immune and oxido-inflammatory homeostasis targeting TGF-β activated kinase 1/Nuclear factor-kappa βeta pathway: an integrated in vivo and in silico study.","authors":"Swarnima Mishra, Banalata Mohanty","doi":"10.1007/s40199-026-00668-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40199-026-00668-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neurotensin (NTS) is a brain peptide and is known to regulate several brain pathways. Subsequently NTS involvement in psychosis was administered having its promising therapeutic effects as an antipsychotic drug. Therefore, it has been deduced that targeting the NTS system in the regulation of the immune organs would prove to be a productive strategy for developing the novel immune modulatory drugs.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study elucidated the potential anti-inflammatory properties of NTS receptor 1 (NTSR1) agonist PD149163 (PD) in modulation of immune organs specifically, spleen and thymus investigating the potential immunomodulatory mechanisms targeting NF-κB /TAK1 signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Swiss albino female mice were randomly grouped: Group I-control, treatment groups- Group II, Group III and Group IV were intraperitoneally exposed with NTSR1-agonist PD low dose/ PD₅₀ (50 µg /kg bw), PD high dose/ PD₁₀₀ (100 µg /kg bw) and NTSR1-antagonist SR48692 (500 µg /kg bw), respectively for 28 days. Biochemical, hematological, histopathological, and bioinformatics analyses were performed. Differences were considered statistically significant at P < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The levels of Nuclear factor kappa beta/NF-κB, Tumor necrosis factor- alpha/TNF-α, Interleukine-6/IL-6, Corticosterone/CORT and pro-oxidant, Lipid-peroxidation/LPx were visibly similar to control after the treatment of PD₁₀₀ as well as PD₅₀ dose however the elevation was observed with the SR. PD₁₀₀ dose has a prominent effect on the plasma Interleukine-10/IL-10, CORT, NTS levels and tissue anti-oxidants superoxide dismutase/SOD, catalase/CAT as well as positively regulated the hematological and histological parameters, clearly deciphering NTS's immunomodulatory effects. Furthermore, in silico molecular docking analyses showed that PD exhibited high binding affinity with TGF-β activated kinase 1/TAK1 inflammatory protein, indicating inhibition of TAK1/NF-κB downstream signaling pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NTS receptor 1 analogs might provide a better understanding of the mechanisms by which NTS regulates immune-system and could be further exploited for managing various immune-related disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":10888,"journal":{"name":"DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"34 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13654905/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149165602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacomicrobiomics-driven targeted drug delivery for precision microbiome modulation.","authors":"Anurag Biswas, Bijoy Ghosh, Pallvi Kumari, Ankita Rangra, Kaunava Roy Chowdhury, Akshay Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s40199-026-00666-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40199-026-00666-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The human microbiome can actively influence how drugs are handled and processed in our body. More knowledge of host-microbiome-drug interactions has shifted drug delivery from current approaches to precision therapeutics.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The review is to evaluate various targeted strategies and mechanisms of drug delivery systems (DDS) driven by pharmacomicrobiomics. Moreover, the pharmacomicrobiomics-based DDS will also be discussed in terms of their therapeutic applications, translation, and new technologies for microbiome precision.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Assessment on the latest development on microbiome-drug interactions and microbiome-based drug delivery strategies, including microbial enzyme activated prodrugs, nano- and micro-particle systems, probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics, bacteriophages, genetically modified microorganisms, smart materials, and niche-selective delivery systems. The researchers also investigated clinical evidence, security, regulatory issues, Pharmacoeconomics and new emerging multi-omics and AI based strategies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Microbiome-targeted DDS enable localized drug activation, site-specific delivery, and reduced systemic exposure. Enzyme-responsive systems achieved up to a 3-fold increase in local drug concentration, while SER-109 (VOWST) reduced CDI recurrence to 12% versus 40% with placebo at 8 weeks. FMT combined with pembrolizumab achieved objective responses in 40% (6/15) of previously non-responsive melanoma patients. Engineered microbial therapeutics, including SYNB1618 and AG013, further demonstrate the growing translational potential of programmable microbiome-based therapies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pharmacymicrobiomics-driven drug delivery systems (DDS) represent an innovative approach to precision therapeutics utilizing microbes. However, challenges such as individual microbiome variability, unvalidated biomarkers, safety concerns, intricate regulatory hurdles, and inconsistent translational outcomes from preclinical studies persist. A comprehensive integration of omics data and interdisciplinary collaboration is essential to enhance the predictability of microbiome therapies. Future efforts should focus on microbiome profiling, validating mechanism-based biomarkers, scalable manufacturing, and conducting clinical studies to define patient selection, ensure therapeutic consistency, and confirm long-term benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":10888,"journal":{"name":"DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"34 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13638950/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149105454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of rosehip (Rosa canina) supplementation on orthostatic intolerance symptoms in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial.","authors":"Seyed Yaser Ghelmani, Seyede Hamide Rajaie, Roghayeh Zare, Narjes Hazar, Ali Khiveh, Morteza Zaboli Mahdiabadi, Seyed Hamdollah Mosavat, Morvarid Salamati, Majid Emtiazy, Mohammad Hashem Hashempur","doi":"10.1007/s40199-026-00657-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40199-026-00657-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Orthostatic hypotension (OH) and related symptoms are common complications in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Antioxidant compounds, such as those found in rosehip fruit, may have the potential to alleviate orthostatic symptom burden. This study evaluated the effects of rosehip fruit extract on orthostatic symptoms in adults with T2DM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial was conducted over four weeks among 60 adults with T2DM and OH referred to the Yazd Center for Diabetes. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either rosehip fruit extract (two capsules daily, each containing 500 mg) or placebo. Orthostatic symptoms were assessed using the Orthostatic Intolerance Questionnaire (OIQ). Clinical relevance was evaluated using predefined minimal clinically important difference thresholds.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 60 randomized participants, 57 completed the 4-week intervention. At the end of the study, a greater proportion of participants in the rosehip group no longer met diagnostic criteria for orthostatic hypotension compared with the placebo group (prevalence ratio = 2.57, 95% CI: 1.18-5.62). The rosehip group experienced significantly greater reductions in OIQ scores compared with placebo, and these differences remained statistically significant after adjustment for baseline values and age (P = 0.001). The magnitude of symptom improvement in the rosehip group exceeded the predefined thresholds for clinical relevance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Rosehip extract significantly reduced orthostatic symptom burden and the prevalence of OH in patients with T2DM. Benefits were primarily reflected in symptomatic scores and systolic blood pressure. While promising and well-tolerated, these preliminary results require confirmation in larger, multicenter trials incorporating long-term objective hemodynamic monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":10888,"journal":{"name":"DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"34 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13638865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149105420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sodium oxybate for excessive daytime sleepiness in narcolepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials.","authors":"Preeti Kanawjia, Surendra Kumar Kanaujia, Renu Kumari","doi":"10.1007/s40199-026-00670-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40199-026-00670-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background & objectives: </strong>Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is a debilitating symptom in narcolepsy. Sodium oxybate (SO) is approved for narcolepsy and has shown consistent efficacy across multiple formulations. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SO compared to placebo in reducing EDS in patients with narcolepsy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception to March 2024. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of SO in narcolepsy reporting Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) scores were included. Primary outcome was change in ESS from baseline. Mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was pooled using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using I² statistic. Subgroup analyses were performed by formulation and dose. Risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane RoB 2.0 tool. The review followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024604014).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five randomized controlled trials (n = 1,066 patients) met inclusion criteria. SO significantly reduced ESS scores compared to placebo (pooled MD: -4.8 points; 95% CI: -5.8 to -3.8; P < 0.001; I²=44%). Subgroup analysis showed comparable effects across formulations: once-nightly extended-release FT218 (MD: -4.9; 95% CI: -6.2 to -3.6), low-sodium oxybate JZP-258 (MD: -4.7; 95% CI: -5.8 to -3.6), and standard twice-nightly (MD: -4.7; 95% CI: -5.7 to -3.7). Objective sleep latency improved by 3.5 min. Cataplexy frequency reduced by 3.3 attacks/week (P < 0.001). Safety outcomes included mild-to-moderate adverse events (nausea 9-18%, dizziness 8-11%, headache 7-11%), with discontinuation rates of 3-11%.</p><p><strong>Interpretation & conclusions: </strong>Sodium oxybate significantly reduces EDS in narcolepsy with consistent effects across formulations. Once-nightly and low-sodium formulations offer additional benefits in terms of dosing convenience and reduced sodium burden. Safety profiles were acceptable, with mild-to-moderate adverse events being most common. Larger trials with longer durations are warranted for validation.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>PROSPERO (CRD42024604014).</p>","PeriodicalId":10888,"journal":{"name":"DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"34 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13638937/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149105428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BAY-876 restores lenvatinib sensitivity in resistant hepatocellular carcinoma cells by disrupting the GLUT1-SLC7A11-NADPH redox axis.","authors":"Ranran Xue, Ying Lin","doi":"10.1007/s40199-026-00663-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40199-026-00663-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acquired resistance limits the efficacy of lenvatinib in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study evaluated whether GLUT1 inhibition by BAY-876 reverses lenvatinib resistance by disrupting SLC7A11-associated redox buffering.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Lenvatinib-resistant HuH-7-LR and Hep 3B-LR cells were generated by stepwise drug exposure. Drug sensitivity, combination synergy, glucose uptake, colony formation, migration, ATP, NADPH/NADP⁺ and GSH/GSSG ratios, intracellular thiols, ROS, apoptosis, gene and protein expression, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) rescue, and SLC7A11 knockdown were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Resistant cells exhibited increased lenvatinib IC₅₀ values, glucose uptake, and GLUT1/SLC7A11 expression. BAY-876 preferentially inhibited glucose uptake and viability in resistant cells and restored lenvatinib sensitivity to near-parental levels. Combined treatment produced synergistic growth inhibition, reduced colony formation and migration, depleted ATP and NADPH, disrupted GSH/GSSG balance, decreased intracellular thiols, and increased ROS. It also induced apoptosis, evidenced by Annexin V positivity, caspase-3/7 activation, BAX induction, BCL2 suppression, and PARP/caspase-3 cleavage. NAC partially restored viability and redox balance. SLC7A11 knockdown reduced BAY-876-associated thiol depletion and ROS accumulation, supporting an SLC7A11-dependent redox component.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BAY-876 resensitized lenvatinib-resistant HCC cells by restricting glucose uptake, disrupting NADPH-dependent redox buffering, and promoting redox stress-induced apoptosis. These findings support the GLUT1-SLC7A11-NADPH axis as an in vitro therapeutic vulnerability, while definitive evidence of disulfidptosis requires further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10888,"journal":{"name":"DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"34 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13638836/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149105403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging nanostructured platforms for improved oral delivery of antidiabetic agents: overcoming physiological barriers and enhancing therapeutic efficacy.","authors":"Shweta Yadav, Prashant Singh, Madhusudan Purohit, Shashikant Singh, Shobha Singh","doi":"10.1007/s40199-026-00671-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40199-026-00671-5","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic disorder affecting over 537 million individuals worldwide, represents one of the most burdensome global health challenges of the 21st century. Despite the availability of numerous oral antidiabetic agents, their therapeutic effectiveness is significantly compromised by poor aqueous solubility, chemical instability in the gastrointestinal (GI) environment, extensive hepatic first-pass metabolism, low membrane permeability, and inadequate systemic bioavailability. Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems have emerged as transformative platforms capable of circumventing these multifaceted physiological and biopharmaceutical limitations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This comprehensive review critically evaluates the landscape of nanostructured platforms designed to enhance oral bioavailability and therapeutic outcomes of antidiabetic agents, with particular emphasis on mechanistic insights into nanoparticle-epithelial interactions, surface functionalization strategies using targeting ligands (lectins, transferrin, folic acid, bile acid conjugates), and stimuli-responsive release mechanisms.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A structured literature search was conducted across PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect for articles published between January 2010 and 2026, with emphasis on publications from 2022 to 2026. We systematically analyzed and compared eleven distinct nanocarrier platforms, including polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS), liposomes, nanoemulsions, dendrimers, cyclodextrin inclusion complexes, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and hybrid nanocomposites, evaluating how each platform addresses specific absorption barriers including GI enzymatic degradation, mucus layer penetration, enterocyte uptake, and efflux pump activity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Rational formulation design, in vitro-in vivo correlations, and pharmacokinetic enhancement data indicate that nanoformulated antidiabetic drugs consistently outperform conventional formulations in bioavailability and absorption across multiple drug classes and delivery platforms. Emerging paradigms including exosome-inspired nanocarriers, CRISPR-integrated systems, and artificial intelligence-guided formulation optimization further extend the mechanistic and translational scope of oral nanomedicine for diabetes management.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Nanostructured platforms offer a mechanistically diverse and increasingly translatable strategy for overcoming the physiological and biopharmaceutical barriers that limit oral antidiabetic therapy. Realizing their full clinical potential will require continued progress in addressing translational challenges, harmonizing regulatory frameworks, and advancing scalable manufacturing toward clinically via","PeriodicalId":10888,"journal":{"name":"DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"34 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13638947/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149105441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting neurovascular dysfunction in diabetic neuropathic pain: a review of mechanism-based pharmacotherapy beyond gabapentinoids.","authors":"Abhishek Kumar, Aman Shrivastava, Vinay Kumar, Paras Gupta, Rakesh Barik, Abhishek Dwivedi, Prerna Chaturvedi, Kuldeep Upadhayay, Sumeet Dwivedi, Jeetendra Kumar Gupta","doi":"10.1007/s40199-026-00667-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40199-026-00667-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP) is a condition that affects about 20-30% of people with diabetes, significantly reducing health-related quality of life and having a significant economic impact on healthcare economics. Although conventional \"gold standard\" treatments such as gabapentinoids, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), and tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are widely used in the clinic, a substantial number of patients have poor results with these medications in terms of the quality of their analgesia or their systemic side effects.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In order to overcome these drawbacks, this review examines the status of the current pharmacotherapy and evaluates the new classes of drugs in late-stage clinical development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A thorough search of PubMed, Google Scholar, the Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov (2015-2025) of randomised controlled trials and meta-analyses reveals a clear ceiling effect for the traditional gabapentinoids in terms of therapeutic benefit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On the other hand, new mechanistically targeted therapies like selective Nav1.7 sodium channel blockers, alternative voltage-gated calcium channel ligands, and angiotensin II AT2 receptor antagonists show therapeutic potential and achieve marked improvement in pain scores while maintaining improved safety profiles. Moreover, new lines of therapy are emerging with the incorporation of advanced non-systemic and integrative treatments such as the development of nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems, phytoconstituents with therapeutic properties, structured physical exercise and advanced neuromodulation therapies, which are aimed at reducing the effect of neuroinflammation and microvascular damage.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Finally, modern management of DNP is shifting to a mechanism-based approach. A change from a generic, empirical drug prescription to a more precise, individual-based approach to drug prescription (phenotypic pain profile) has great potential to improve therapeutic outcomes, especially for refractory diabetic neuropathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10888,"journal":{"name":"DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"34 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13619994/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149073907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colistin therapy and survival outcomes in neonatal carbapenem-resistant gram-negative sepsis.","authors":"Seyyed Mohammad Hassan Aletayeb, Masoud Dehdashtian, Arash Malakian, Mohammad Reza Aramesh","doi":"10.1007/s40199-026-00669-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40199-026-00669-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative (CR-GN) sepsis is a growing cause of neonatal mortality, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Colistin remains one of the few effective therapeutic options.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study reviewed hospital files of inborn neonates admitted within six hours of birth to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ahvaz, Iran (March 2019-March 2023), with blood culture-proven CR-GN sepsis. Blood cultures were obtained from peripheral samples and processed in Trypticase Soy Broth; isolates were identified and antibiotic susceptibility determined using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method per Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Because colistin disks were unavailable, clinical and microbiological responses were used to evaluate efficacy. Neonates received either a colistin-containing regimen (colistin + meropenem) or a non-colistin regimen (amikacin + meropenem). Univariate logistic regression was performed, and a sensitivity analysis limited to survivors was conducted for length-of-stay comparison.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The hospital records of 108 neonates were analyzed (36 colistin-treated, 72 non-colistin-treated). Acinetobacter spp. were the most frequent isolate. Among infants who received colistin, the rate of late-onset sepsis was significantly higher than that of early-onset sepsis (69.4% vs. 25.0%, p < 0.001). The mortality rate was significantly lower in the colistin group (41.7% vs. 70.8%, p = 0.006).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A colistin-containing regimen was associated with significantly improved survival among neonates with CR-GN sepsis. Despite limitations in susceptibility testing, these findings underscore the clinical value of colistin in resource-limited NICUs, warranting prospective validation of dosing, safety, and antimicrobial stewardship strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10888,"journal":{"name":"DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"34 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13620034/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149073892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}