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Modelling long-term module performance based on realistic reporting conditions with consideration to spectral effects 基于考虑光谱效应的实际报告条件对模块的长期性能进行建模
3rd World Conference onPhotovoltaic Energy Conversion, 2003. Proceedings of Pub Date : 2003-05-18 DOI: 10.1109/WCPEC.2003.1306312
S. Williams, T. Betts, T. Helf, R. Gottschalg, Hans Georg Beyer, David Infield
{"title":"Modelling long-term module performance based on realistic reporting conditions with consideration to spectral effects","authors":"S. Williams, T. Betts, T. Helf, R. Gottschalg, Hans Georg Beyer, David Infield","doi":"10.1109/WCPEC.2003.1306312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WCPEC.2003.1306312","url":null,"abstract":"A model for the annual performance of different module technologies is presented that includes spectral effects. The model is based on the realistic reporting conditions but also allows for secondary spectral effects, as experienced by multi-junction devices. The model is validated against measurements taken at CREST and shows a good agreement for all devices. Combining this relatively simple model with ASPIRE, a spectral irradiance model based on standard meteorological measurements, allows the translation to other locations. The method is applied to measurements of different devices deployed in Loughborough University and the significance of certain effects is discussed.","PeriodicalId":108816,"journal":{"name":"3rd World Conference onPhotovoltaic Energy Conversion, 2003. Proceedings of","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123430736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 80
ASPIRE - a tool to investigate spectral effects on PV device performance ASPIRE -一个研究光谱对光伏设备性能影响的工具
3rd World Conference onPhotovoltaic Energy Conversion, 2003. Proceedings of Pub Date : 2003-05-18 DOI: 10.1109/WCPEC.2003.1305017
T. Betts, R. Gottschalg, D. Infield
{"title":"ASPIRE - a tool to investigate spectral effects on PV device performance","authors":"T. Betts, R. Gottschalg, D. Infield","doi":"10.1109/WCPEC.2003.1305017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WCPEC.2003.1305017","url":null,"abstract":"A new model for calculating spectral irradiance from standard meteorological inputs is presented, named ASPIRE (All-sky SPectral IRradiancE). The Bouger law-based transmittance approach for modelling clear-sky spectra has been augmented with an extended empirical process to account for variation with cloud cover. Unlike previous clear-sky models, this new tool separates the effects of air mass from cloud cover within the clearness index by comparing measured solar spectra with the results of clear-sky modelling. The intended use of the ASPIRE model is to allow investigation of spectral effects on PV device output under realistic operating conditions, for which measured spectral irradiance data is rarely available. These investigations are important to refine the energy yield calculations for PV systems operating under seasonally varying spectra, especially wide band gap materials.","PeriodicalId":108816,"journal":{"name":"3rd World Conference onPhotovoltaic Energy Conversion, 2003. Proceedings of","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131356172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Low-temperature rear surface passivation schemes for >20% efficient silicon solar cells >20%效率硅太阳能电池的低温后表面钝化方案
3rd World Conference onPhotovoltaic Energy Conversion, 2003. Proceedings of Pub Date : 2003-05-18 DOI: 10.1109/WCPEC.2003.248933
S. Dauwe, L. Mittelstadt, A. Metz, J. Schmidt, R. Hezel
{"title":"Low-temperature rear surface passivation schemes for >20% efficient silicon solar cells","authors":"S. Dauwe, L. Mittelstadt, A. Metz, J. Schmidt, R. Hezel","doi":"10.1109/WCPEC.2003.248933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WCPEC.2003.248933","url":null,"abstract":"Results of different types of crystalline silicon solar cells passivated using low-temperature plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposited (PECVD) films of amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) and silicon nitride (SiN/sub x/) are presented. The SiN/sub x/ films are deposited at 400/spl deg/C and the a-Si:H films at 225/spl deg/C, respectively. An independently confirmed efficiency of 20.6% is achieved for SiN/sub x/-passivated cells with an additional local back surface field (LBSF) underneath the rear metalised area. The LBSF reduces carrier recombination at the metal contacts and avoids parasitic shunting between the induced inversion layer underneath the SiN/sub x/ films and the rear contact lines. Furthermore, it is shown that a-Si:H films provide an excellent surface passivation without inducing an inversion layer. Efficiencies of 19.2% are reported for solar cells with a-Si:H rear surface passivation. Open-circuit voltages in excess of 650 mV demonstrate that efficiencies >20% are well achievable for a-Si:H rear surface passivated solar cells.","PeriodicalId":108816,"journal":{"name":"3rd World Conference onPhotovoltaic Energy Conversion, 2003. Proceedings of","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125633812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 30
Application of photovoltaic solar cells in planar antenna structures 光伏太阳能电池在平面天线结构中的应用
3rd World Conference onPhotovoltaic Energy Conversion, 2003. Proceedings of Pub Date : 2003-05-18 DOI: 10.1049/CP:20030180
Norbert Henze, C. Bendel, Henning Früchting, J. Kirchhof
{"title":"Application of photovoltaic solar cells in planar antenna structures","authors":"Norbert Henze, C. Bendel, Henning Früchting, J. Kirchhof","doi":"10.1049/CP:20030180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/CP:20030180","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the application of photovoltaic solar cells in planar antenna structures. The radiating patch element of a planar antenna is replaced by a solar cell. The original feature of a solar cell (DC current generation) remains, but additionally the cell is now able to receive and transmit electromagnetic waves. For a proper performance of these functions a RF-DC decoupling is necessary. Besides a general technical description some selected realisations of solar cell antennas are presented. The comparison of measured and simulated antenna properties shows a good agreement. However, due to the non ideal patch material slightly higher losses are expected compared to copper patches. Furthermore the application field of this new device in wireless communication systems is outlined.","PeriodicalId":108816,"journal":{"name":"3rd World Conference onPhotovoltaic Energy Conversion, 2003. Proceedings of","volume":"301 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114582658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 30
Performance of photovoltaic modules in a temperate maritime climate 光伏组件在温带海洋性气候下的性能
3rd World Conference onPhotovoltaic Energy Conversion, 2003. Proceedings of Pub Date : 2003-05-18 DOI: 10.1109/WCPEC.2003.1306356
S. Williams, R. Gottschalg, D. Infield
{"title":"Performance of photovoltaic modules in a temperate maritime climate","authors":"S. Williams, R. Gottschalg, D. Infield","doi":"10.1109/WCPEC.2003.1306356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WCPEC.2003.1306356","url":null,"abstract":"The energy production of photovoltaic modules is a topic of growing importance. Under real operating conditions two modules with the same name-plate efficiency may have very different energy productions, despite being installed at the same site. In this paper we investigate the performance of a variety of modules (crystalline, polycrystalline and single and multi junction amorphous silicon and cadmium telluride) installed in Loughborough in the UK. The paper investigates the reasons for the significant difference in performance of modules of the same technology and efficiency. The analysis is carried out on the basis of influence of device temperature, magnitude of irradiance, incident spectrum and age of device.","PeriodicalId":108816,"journal":{"name":"3rd World Conference onPhotovoltaic Energy Conversion, 2003. Proceedings of","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114317370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Low-temperature processing of photoelectrochemical solar cells 光电化学太阳能电池的低温加工
3rd World Conference onPhotovoltaic Energy Conversion, 2003. Proceedings of Pub Date : 2003-05-18 DOI: 10.1109/WCPEC.2003.1305260
S. Hodgson, L. Weng, L. Mascia, S. Y. Ng, D. Infield, R. Gottschalg
{"title":"Low-temperature processing of photoelectrochemical solar cells","authors":"S. Hodgson, L. Weng, L. Mascia, S. Y. Ng, D. Infield, R. Gottschalg","doi":"10.1109/WCPEC.2003.1305260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WCPEC.2003.1305260","url":null,"abstract":"Photoelectrochemical (or Gratzel) solar cells are normally manufactured by a process involving a sintering heat treatment of the TiO/sub 2/ photoanode, to provide mechanical and electrical contact between the nanoparticles. This precludes the use of many low cost substrates and alternative manufacturing approaches. This paper describes a new approach to engineer the nanostructure such that the heat treatment step can be eliminated whilst retaining acceptable device performance. The principles of and processes used to facilitate this are described and the device characteristics reported.","PeriodicalId":108816,"journal":{"name":"3rd World Conference onPhotovoltaic Energy Conversion, 2003. Proceedings of","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129818538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Thermophotovoltaic generation of electricity
3rd World Conference onPhotovoltaic Energy Conversion, 2003. Proceedings of Pub Date : 2003-05-18 DOI: 10.1142/9781848161504_0011
J. Luther
{"title":"Thermophotovoltaic generation of electricity","authors":"J. Luther","doi":"10.1142/9781848161504_0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/9781848161504_0011","url":null,"abstract":"Thermophotovoltaic electricity generation (TPV) is based on the photovoltaic (PV) conversion of infrared radiation. The infrared radiation is generated by heating an appropriate emitter. In most systems this is done by the combustion of fossil fuels. Thus TPV is an alternative approach to convert heat into electricity. Applications of TPV may be restricted to low-power energy conversion where fuel costs are not very significant. Another field of applications may be found in systems where waste heat in the form of infrared radiation is abundantly available. However, the main technological challenges of these TPV energy conversion are: highly efficient fuel to radiation conversion, photon management and spectral shaping, and efficient infrared photovoltaic radiation conversion.","PeriodicalId":108816,"journal":{"name":"3rd World Conference onPhotovoltaic Energy Conversion, 2003. Proceedings of","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124301165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 46
Predicting photovoltaic connector lifetime 光伏连接器寿命预测
3rd World Conference onPhotovoltaic Energy Conversion, 2003. Proceedings of Pub Date : 2003-05-18 DOI: 10.1109/WCPEC.2003.1305175
A. S. Bahaj, P. James, J. McBride
{"title":"Predicting photovoltaic connector lifetime","authors":"A. S. Bahaj, P. James, J. McBride","doi":"10.1109/WCPEC.2003.1305175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WCPEC.2003.1305175","url":null,"abstract":"Photovoltaic (PV) connectors are generally thought of as essential, although some what 'inert' components of a PV system that do not have any specific lifetime issues related to them. In contrast, PV modules are marketed with lifetimes of 20 years or more. No commitment is normally made to the lifetime of the associated dc wiring by the system supplier. In building integrated PV system's in particular a dc connection failure will often necessitate a difficult repair, usually at a prohibitive cost. Historically, to ensure a reliable dc connection, hard wiring between modules in a facade for example has been used. However, push fit connectors are now commonly used enabling system installations to be achieved in a safer and far quicker manner. Accelerated lifetime testing has been undertaken on the leading PV connector system's using specifically developed test regimes. The implications of the testing results to the predicted reliability of such connector systems are discussed coupled with the associated issues of fabrication and on-site assembly.","PeriodicalId":108816,"journal":{"name":"3rd World Conference onPhotovoltaic Energy Conversion, 2003. Proceedings of","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128166600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Passivation of crystalline silicon using silicon nitride 用氮化硅钝化晶体硅
3rd World Conference onPhotovoltaic Energy Conversion, 2003. Proceedings of Pub Date : 2003-05-18 DOI: 10.1109/WCPEC.2003.1305001
A. Cuevas, M. Kerr, J. Schmidt
{"title":"Passivation of crystalline silicon using silicon nitride","authors":"A. Cuevas, M. Kerr, J. Schmidt","doi":"10.1109/WCPEC.2003.1305001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WCPEC.2003.1305001","url":null,"abstract":"The extraordinary capacity of plasma-enhanced chemical-vapour-deposited (PECVD) silicon nitride (SiN) to passivate the surface of crystalline silicon wafers and, in the case of multicrystalline silicon, improve the bulk material by hydrogenation has attracted a great deal of research and development. This review summarizes the state of the art of surface passivation by PECVD SiN, together with the present understanding of the physical mechanisms that underlie it. The impact of SiN on ultimate solar cell performance is discussed and an optimization of SiN passivated n/sup +/ emitters is presented. Finally, the experimental evidence of SiN-induced hydrogenation of mc-Si is discussed and areas for further work are suggested.","PeriodicalId":108816,"journal":{"name":"3rd World Conference onPhotovoltaic Energy Conversion, 2003. Proceedings of","volume":"412 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131802055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 53
Modelling shading on amorphous silicon single and double junction modules 非晶硅单结和双结模块的阴影建模
3rd World Conference onPhotovoltaic Energy Conversion, 2003. Proceedings of Pub Date : 2003-05-18 DOI: 10.1109/WCPEC.2003.1306319
A. Johansson, R. Gottschalg, David Infield
{"title":"Modelling shading on amorphous silicon single and double junction modules","authors":"A. Johansson, R. Gottschalg, David Infield","doi":"10.1109/WCPEC.2003.1306319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WCPEC.2003.1306319","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of shading amorphous silicon mini-modules is investigated by means of measurements and simulation. Several devices are measured under varying degrees of shading and the reverse bias behaviour is investigated, including the reverse breakdown voltage. A simulation using a modified single diode model for amorphous silicon is presented, in which the Bishop extension of the shunt resistance is used to simulate the behaviour of shaded devices. The differences between the effect of shading on amorphous silicon and on crystalline silicon devices are investigated based on measurements and simulations. It is shown that the thin film cells do not develop hot spots in the same manner as crystalline silicon devices; they always break down at the interconnection to the adjacent cell.","PeriodicalId":108816,"journal":{"name":"3rd World Conference onPhotovoltaic Energy Conversion, 2003. Proceedings of","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132822971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
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