Current neurovascular research最新文献

{"title":"Association between Peripheral Arterial Lactate Levels and Malignant Brain Edema Following Endovascular Treatment for Ischemic Stroke","authors":"Huiyuan Wang, Ruozhen Yuan, Panpan Shen, Xinyue Yu, Xinyi Chen, Yafei Shang, Jie Xu, Mingming Tan, Sheng Zhang, Yu Geng","doi":"10.2174/0115672026283642231212061910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672026283642231212061910","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To investigate the factors of postoperative malignant brain edema (MBE) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) treated with endovascular treatment (EVT). Background: MBE is a severe complication following EVT for AIS, and it is essential to identify risk factors early. Peripheral arterial lactate (PAL) levels may serve as a potential predictive marker for MBE. Objective: To determine whether immediate postoperative PAL levels and the highest PAL level within 24 hours of EVT are independently associated with MBE development in AIS patients. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients with AIS who underwent EVT from October 2019 to October 2022. Arterial blood was collected every 8 h after EVT to measure PAL, and record the immediate postoperative PAL and the highest PAL level within 24 h. Brain edema was evaluated using brain computed tomography scans within 7 days of EVT. Results: The study included 227 patients with a median age of 71 years, of whom 59.5% were male and MBE developed in 25.6% of patients (58/227). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the immediate postoperative PAL (odds ratio, 1.809 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.215-2.693]; p = 0.004) and the highest PAL level within 24 h of EVT (odds ratio, 2.259 [95% CI, 1.407-3.629]; p = 0.001) were independently associated with MBE. The area under the curve for predicting MBE based on the highest PAL level within 24 hours of EVT was 0.780 (95% CI, 0.711-0.849). Conclusion: Early increase in PAL levelsis an independent predictor of MBE after EVT in AIS patients.","PeriodicalId":10879,"journal":{"name":"Current neurovascular research","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138683538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Albumin-Globulin Ratio and Common Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness in Patients with Ischemic Stroke","authors":"Qiao Han, Shoujiang You, Mengyuan Miao, Danni Zheng, Huaping Du, Yaming Sun, Wanqing Zhai, Chongke Zhong, Yongjun Cao, Chun-Feng Liu","doi":"10.2174/0115672026276085231122053601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672026276085231122053601","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The relationships between serum albumin, albumin-globulin (A/G) ratio, globulin and atherosclerosis in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remain uncertain. We investigated the associations between serum albumin, A/G ratio, globulin levels and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with AIS. background: The relationships between serum albumin, albumin-globulin (A/G) ratio, globulin and atherosclerosis in the setting of ischemic stroke are unclear. Methods: A total of 1,339 AIS patients were enrolled. Admission A/G ratio was divided into quartiles, and serum albumin and globulin levels were also categorized. Carotid atherosclerosis was detected through the assessment of common carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT), and abnormal cIMT was characterized by mean and maximum cIMT values of ≥1 mm. We evaluated the relationships between A/G ratio, albumin, globulin and abnormal cIMT, using multivariable logistic regression models. objective: We aimed to evaluate the associations between serum albumin, A/G ratio, globulin levels and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with ischemic stroke. Results: In the multivariable-adjusted analysis, the highest A/G ratio quartile (Q4) was linked to a 59% decreased risk of abnormal mean cIMT (OR 0.41; 95% CI 0.29-0.60) and a 58% decreased risk of abnormal maximum cIMT (OR 0.42; 95% CI 0.30-0.60) when compared to the lowest quartile (Q1), respectively. Moreover, decreased albumin and elevated globulin levels were also associated with abnormal mean cIMT and maximum cIMT. In addition, the A/G ratio provided supplementary predictive capability beyond the already established risk factors, and the C-statistic of the A/G ratio for abnormal cIMT is larger than globulin (P <0.01). Conclusion: Decreased serum A/G ratio, albumin and elevated serum globulin were independently associated with abnormal cIMT in AIS patients. Moreover, the A/G ratio appeared to be a better predictor of abnormal cIMT. result: In the multivariable-adjusted analysis, the highest A/G ratio quartile (Q4) was associated with a 59% (OR 0.41; 95% CI 0.29-0.60) decreased risk of having abnormal mean cIMT and 58% (OR 0.42; 95% CI 0.30-0.60) decreased risk of having abnormal maximum cIMT in comparison to Q1, respectively. Moreover, decreased albumin and increased globulin levels were associated with abnormal mean cIMT and maximum cIMT. In addition, the A/G ratio provided incremental predictive capacity beyond established risk factors, and the C-statistic of A/G ratio for abnormal cIMT is larger than globulin (P<0.01). conclusion: Decreased serum A/G ratio, albumin and elevated serum globulin were independently associated with abnormal cIMT in patients with ischemic stroke. Moreover, the A/G ratio appeared to be a better predictor of abnormal cIMT. other: No","PeriodicalId":10879,"journal":{"name":"Current neurovascular research","volume":"172 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138683665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gait Parameters can Reflect Cognitive Performance in Older Adults with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: A Cross-sectional Research","authors":"Mingzhu Jiang, Yan Li, Ying Chen, Jinying Fan, Zhiqin Zhao, Wenkai Long, Hailun Huang, Fang Luo, Chao Tang, Mi Li, Ning Xiao, Bo Lin, Shan Wu, Jing Ding","doi":"10.2174/0115672026281431231212052728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672026281431231212052728","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a common chronic progressive disease. It remains unclear whether high gait variability is a marker of cognitive cortical dysfunction. <p> </P> Methods: This study included 285 subjects (aged from 60 to 85 years, 60.3% female) including 37 controls, 179 presented as Fazekas II, and 69 presented as Fazekas III. The severity of white matter hyperintensities was assessed by the Fazekas Rating Scale. Gait parameters were assessed using a vision-based artificial intelligent gait analyzer. Cognitive function was tested by MMSE, MoCA, DST, and VFT. <p> </P> Results: Three gait parameters including gait speed, gait length, and swing time were associated with cognitive performance in patients with CSVD. Gait speed was associated with cognitive performance, including MMSE (β 0.200; 95%CI 1.706-6.018; P <.001), MoCA (β 0.183; 95%CI 2.047-7.046; P <.001), DST (order) (β 0.204; 95%CI 0.563-2.093; P =.001) and VFT (β 0.162; 95%CI 0.753-4.865; P =.008). Gait length was associated with cognitive performance, including MMSE (β 0.193; 95%CI 3.475-12.845; P =.001), MoCA (β 0.213; 95%CI 6.098-16.942; P <.001), DST (order) (β 0.224; 95%CI 1.056-4.839; P <.001) and VFT (β 0.149; 95%CI 1.088- 10.114; P =.015). Swing time was associated with cognitive performance, including MMSE (β - 0.242; 95%CI -2.639 to -0.974; P<.001), MoCA (β -0.211; 95%CI -2.989 to -1.034; P <.001) and DST (reverse order) (β -0.140; 95%CI -0.568 to -0.049; P =.020). <p> </P> Conclusion: This study revealed that the relationship between gait parameters and cognitive performance in patients with CSVD and the deteriorated gait parameters can reflect cognitive impairment and even dementia in older people with CSVD.","PeriodicalId":10879,"journal":{"name":"Current neurovascular research","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138693147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Cardiac Valve Calcification and 1-year Mortality after Lower-extremity Amputation in Diabetic Patients: A Retrospective Study","authors":"Weibin Ye, Li Li, Jianfeng Zeng","doi":"10.2174/0115672026277348231130112221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672026277348231130112221","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cardiac valve calcification predisposes patients to a higher risk of adverse cardiovascular events. This study aimed to investigate the association between cardiac valve calcification and 1-year mortality in diabetic patients after lower-extremity amputation. Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted on the clinical data of diabetic patients who underwent lower-extremity amputation admitted to the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China for diabetic foot ulcers needed lower extremity amputation surgery between July 2017 and March 2021. Detailed preoperative medical assessments were performed and recorded. Cardiac valve calcification was assessed using echocardiography at baseline. Oneyear follow-up assessments were conducted and included clinical visits, hospital record assessments, and telephone reviews to obtain the survival status of patients. Results: Ninety-three diabetic patients participated in the study. The 1-year follow-up mortality rate after amputation was 24.7%. Compared to the survival group, the prevalence of cardiac valve calcification and the Revised Cardiac Risk Index [RCRI] were higher in the mortality group. In the Cox regression analysis, cardiac valvular calcification [HR=3.427, 95% CI=1.125- 10.443, P=0.030] was found to be an independent predictor of all-cause mortality after amputation. In addition, the patients with both aortic valve calcification and mitral annular calcification had a higher all-cause mortality rate [50%]. Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis showed a stronger predictive ability when using a combination of calcified valve number and RCRI [AUC=0.786 95%, CI=0.676-0.896, P=0.000]. Conclusion: In diabetic patients after lower-extremity amputation, cardiac valve calcification was associated with all-cause mortality during 1-year follow-up. Combination of calcified valve number and RCRI score showed a stronger predictive value for mortality.","PeriodicalId":10879,"journal":{"name":"Current neurovascular research","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138581780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ubiquitin-specific protease 8 regulates cognitive dysfunction of mice with sepsis-associated encephalopathy through SIRT1 deubiquitination.","authors":"Weina Gao,&nbsp;Lijuan Wang,&nbsp;Zuoxiao Li","doi":"10.2174/1567202620666230712112521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1567202620666230712112521","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is the most severe complication of sepsis. Ubiquitin-specific protease 8 (USP8) could improve cognitive and motor disorders in SAE.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study explored the mechanism of USP8 in SAE mice to provide new therapeutic targets for SAE.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>C57BL/6 mice were selected to establish SAE models by caecal ligation and puncture (CLP) and injected with lentivirus overexpressing USP8 one week before SAE modeling. Mouse weight changes were monitored, cognitive and learning abilities were tested by the Morris water maze test, behaviors were evaluated by open-field tests, and pathological changes in brain tissue were analyzed by H&E staining. Levels of USP8, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10, and SOD, GSH-Px activities, and MDA levels were detected by Western blot, ELISA, and kits. Co-immunoprecipitation assay verified the interaction between USP8 and SIRT1 and SIRT1 ubiquitination level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In CLP mice, the body weight, cognitive function, and learning ability were decreased, along with motor disorder, abnormal morphological structure of neurons, and obvious inflammatory infiltration. USP8 protein in brain tissue was decreased, the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were increased, IL-10 was decreased, SOD and GSH-Px activities were decreased, and MDA level was increased. USP8 treatment improved cognitive dysfunction and inhibited inflammation and oxidative stress in CLP mice. USP8 promoted SIRT1 expression by direct deubiquitination. SIRT1 knockdown partially reversed the regulation of USP8 on SAE mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>USP8 can directly deubiquitinate SIRT1 and inhibit inflammatory reactions and oxidative stress, thus improving cognitive dysfunction in SAE mice.</p>","PeriodicalId":10879,"journal":{"name":"Current neurovascular research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9764287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ferroptosis, Iron Metabolism, and Forkhead Transcription Factors (FoxOs).","authors":"Kenneth Maiese","doi":"10.2174/1567202620666230706160056","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1567202620666230706160056","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:sec>\u0000<jats:title />\u0000<jats:p />\u0000</jats:sec>","PeriodicalId":10879,"journal":{"name":"Current neurovascular research","volume":"20 3","pages":"291-295"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10664866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Prognostic Factors of Cortical Laminar Necrosis in Acute Ischemic Stroke.","authors":"Zhi-Li Wang,&nbsp;Wei Qin,&nbsp;Yuelei Lyu,&nbsp;Wenli Hu","doi":"10.2174/1567202620666230515152331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1567202620666230515152331","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cortical laminar necrosis (CLN) is a specific type of cortical infarction, and little is known about its frequency and outcomes. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and outcomes of CLN caused by brain infarction and its prognostic factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) between 2019 and 2022 and for whom magnetic resonance images obtained at our center showed acute-stage CLN. Their medical records were collected and analyzed. An unfavorable outcome was defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of 3-6 at 90 days. Logistic regression was performed to identify independent predictors of an unfavorable outcome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 5548 consecutive patients with AIS, 151 patients (2.7%) were diagnosed with CLN, and 112 had CLN enrolled in the final analysis. At 90 days, 25 patients (22.3%) had an unfavorable outcome. Compared with the favorable group, poor outcome patients had higher rates of previous stroke (<i>p</i> = 0.012), higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores at admission (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and were more likely to have early neurologic deterioration (END) (<i>p</i> = 0.014), diffuse ischemic lesions (<i>p</i> = 0.011), and lesions involving multiple lobes (<i>p</i> = 0.030). In multivariable analysis, the initial NIHSS score (OR, 1.258, (95% CI 1.090 - 1.453), p = 0.002) and END (OR, 5.695, [95% CI 1.410 - 23.007], p = 0.015) were independently associated with unfavorable outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CLN is a rare ischemic event but has a good prognosis in most cases. A higher initial NIHSS score and END may predict an unfavorable outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":10879,"journal":{"name":"Current neurovascular research","volume":"20 2","pages":"183-189"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10107319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DDX3X Deficiency Attenuates Pyroptosis Induced by Oxygen-glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation in N2a Cells.","authors":"Yong Liu,&nbsp;Yanlin Gui,&nbsp;Hao Tang,&nbsp;Jianping Yu,&nbsp;Zhengzhou Yuan,&nbsp;Lei Liu,&nbsp;Xuntai Ma,&nbsp;Changqing Li","doi":"10.2174/1567202620666230522155944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1567202620666230522155944","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>NOD like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis is strongly related to cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. DDX3X, the DEAD-box family's ATPase/RNA helicase, promotes NLRP3 inflammasome activation. However, whether DDX3X deficiency attenuates NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis induced by cerebral I/R injury.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study investigated whether DDX3X deficiency attenuates NLRP3 inflammasomemediated pyroptosis in N2a cells after oxygen-glucose deprivation/ reoxygenation (OGD/R) treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In vitro model of cerebral I/R injury, mouse neuro2a (N2a) cells subjected to OGD/R were treated with the knockdown of DDX3X. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) cytotoxicity assay were conducted to measure cell viability and membrane permeability. Double immunofluorescence was performed to determine the pyroptotic cells. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to observe morphological changes of pyroptosis. Pyroptosis-associated proteins were analyzed by Western blotting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The OGD/R treatment reduced cell viability, increased pyroptotic cells and released LDH compared to the control group. TEM showed membrane pore formation of pyroptosis. Immunofluorescence showed that GSDMD was translocated from the cytoplasm to the membrane after OGD/R treatment. Western blotting showed that the expression of DDX3X, and pyroptosis-related proteins (NLRP3, cleaved-Caspase1, and GSDMD-N) were increased after OGD/R treatment. Nevertheless, DDX3X knockdown markedly improved cell viability and reduced LDH release, expression of pyroptosis-related proteins, and N2a cells pyroptosis. DDX3X knockdown significantly inhibited membrane pore formation and GSDMD translocation from cytoplasm to membrane.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This research demonstrates for the first time that DDX3X knockdown attenuates OGD/R induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis, which implies that DDX3X may become a potential therapeutic target for cerebral I/R injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":10879,"journal":{"name":"Current neurovascular research","volume":"20 2","pages":"197-206"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10171349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Different Etiologies of Anterior Circulation Tandem Lesions on Short-term Prognosis of Acute Ischemic Stroke.","authors":"Zhichao Huang,&nbsp;Yingying Xu,&nbsp;Shoujiang You,&nbsp;Zhiliang Guo,&nbsp;Jiaping Xu,&nbsp;Yongjun Cao,&nbsp;Guodong Xiao,&nbsp;Chun-Feng Liu","doi":"10.2174/1567202620666230201121411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1567202620666230201121411","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The prognosis of anterior circulation tandem lesions caused by carotid artery dissection (CAD) and large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) after mechanical thrombectomy is controversial. By analyzing the clinical data of different etiologies, we explored the best treatment plan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clinical data of patients with anterior circulation tandem lesions admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from April 2018 to October 2021 were retrospectively collected. The Modified Rankin Scale was used as the standard to evaluate the functional prognosis of patients at 3 months. Safety assessment included symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) and mortality. The technical evaluation of interventional procedures included operation time, successful recanalization, and times of pass.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>74 patients were enrolled, 59 in the LAA group and 15 in the CAD group. The two groups were similar regarding the proportion of successful recanalization, the bridge treatment and the choice of surgical instruments. The puncture to recanalization time and the onset of symptoms to successful recanalization time had no significant difference (<i>p</i> > 0.05). There were no significant differences in hemorrhage transformation (<i>p</i> = 0.26), sICH (<i>p</i> > 0.999), good functional prognosis (<i>p</i> = 0.054), and mortality (<i>p</i> = 0.181) between the two groups. We found a trend toward a better functional outcome at 3 months in the CAD group (p = 0.054).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The tandem lesions of anterior circulation caused by CAD tend to have a good functional prognosis in 3 months. The proportion of successful recanalization and surgical safety was similar between the two groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":10879,"journal":{"name":"Current neurovascular research","volume":"20 1","pages":"70-75"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9804252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valsartan Protects in High Fat Diet During Ischemic Reperfusion Injury.","authors":"Simrat Kaur,&nbsp;Kuldeep Kumar,&nbsp;Nirmal Singh,&nbsp;Amteshwar Singh Jaggi","doi":"10.2174/1567202620666230330084654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1567202620666230330084654","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The study investigates the effect of Valsartan, an Angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker (ARB), on the blunted neuroprotective response of ischemic post-conditioning (iPoCo) in rats subjected to High Fat Diet (HFD).</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>The neuroprotective response of iPoCo is blunted in conditions of vascular endothelial dysfunction (ED) associated with hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, hypertension, <i>etc.</i> Objectives: The study was undertaken to investigate the effect of Valsartan, an ARB, on the blunted neuroprotective response of iPoCo in rats subjected to HFD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Wistar rats were subjected to HFD for 56 days. The cerebral ischemic injury was induced by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) for 12 min followed by reperfusion of 24 hrs. iPoCo was induced by three preceding cycles of ischemia and reperfusion lasting 1 min each given immediately after BCCAO at the onset of prolonged reperfusion. The extent of the injury was assessed in terms of memory impairment using the Morris Water Maze test (MWM), sensorimotor disturbance using the neurological severity score (NSS), and cerebral infarct size using triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining. Series of biochemical estimations including brain thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS); reduced glutathione (GSH); myeloperoxidase (MPO); tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α); Nrf-2 and serum cholesterol, serum nitrite levels were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BCCAO produced significant cerebral injury indicated by increased cerebral infarct size, memory impairment, increased NSS, and various biochemical alterations (increased cholesterol, TBARS, MPO, TNF-α, Nrf-2, and decreased nitrite and GSH levels). Significant neutrophil infiltration was also observed. iPoCo attenuated BCCAO-induced injury with respect to the above parameters in normal rats. The protective response of iPoCo was lost in HFD-treated rats. Treatment of Valsartan attenuated cerebral injury, potentiated the neuroprotective response of iPoCo in normal rats, and also restored the blunted neuroprotective effect of iPoCo in HFD-treated rats along with enhanced Nrf-2 levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Valsartan exerted a neuroprotective effect by virtue of its multiple actions with a crucial role of Nrf2 activation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10879,"journal":{"name":"Current neurovascular research","volume":"20 1","pages":"85-100"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9805038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}