Current issues in pharmacy and medicine: science and practice最新文献

{"title":"Epidemical process and aetiological structure of salmonelloses in the Zaporizhzhia region","authors":"N. Polishchuck, N. L. Kolycheva, A. S. Dehen, O. V. Melnikova, N. P. Kryazheva","doi":"10.14739/2409-2932.2023.3.285476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14739/2409-2932.2023.3.285476","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the work is to conduct a comparative analysis of the salmonellosis epidemic process caused by non-typhoidal salmonellae in the Zaporizhzhia region for improving the system of epidemiological surveillance. Materials and methods. The retrospective epidemiological analysis of salmonellosis incidence in the Zaporizhzhia region was conducted using the annual reports from 2018 to 2022. The data sources included the “Report on Individual Infections and Parasitic Diseases” and “Infectious Morbidity of the Population in Ukraine”. The analysis employed standard statistical methods commonly used in medical research to evaluate the gathered results. Results. The findings suggest that the Zaporizhzhia region recorded a total of 1392 cases of salmonellosis between 2018 and 2022. Notably, the incidence rates for 2020 and 2021 significantly exceeded the national averages in Ukraine, while in 2022, there was a notable decrease of almost 2 times in the region’s salmonellosis incidence rates. Although adults accounted for the majority of cases (53.4 %), the prevalence of salmonellosis among children was alarmingly high. Among the pathogens causing salmonellosis, Enteritidis, Blegdam, and Typhimurium serovars were the most dominant. Notably, the region harbors salmonella strains that exhibit resistance to cephalosporins, ampicillin, and fluoroquinolones, reflecting concerns over antibiotic resistance patterns. Conclusions. The elevated prevalence of salmonellosis infection rates within the population of the Zaporizhzhia region underscores the pressing nature of the epidemic disease control challenge, particularly considering the heightened vulnerability of children. An additional threat to the epidemic’s well-being is the circulation of antibiotic-resistant salmonella.","PeriodicalId":10800,"journal":{"name":"Current issues in pharmacy and medicine: science and practice","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139290057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of molecular mechanisms of the development of experimental diabetes in Wistar rats under conditions of intermittent hypoxia","authors":"T. V. Ivanenko","doi":"10.14739/2409-2932.2023.3.287633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14739/2409-2932.2023.3.287633","url":null,"abstract":"There is strong evidence that hypoxic training, within the context of diabetes, constitutes a specialized form of exercise performed under conditions of intermittent hypoxia. This approach holds promise for effectively managing and enhancing diabetes outcomes, as it has the potential to influence metabolism and physiological processes within the body significantly. The key elements of hypoxic training in diabetes encompass activities geared toward activating metabolic pathways, enhancing mitochondrial function, and regulating blood glucose levels. Such interventions can potentially lead to improvements in insulin resistance, a reduction in glycemia, and an overall enhancement of cardiorespiratory function. Hypoxic training achieves these benefits by heightening insulin sensitivity and reducing blood glucose levels, which can be particularly advantageous for individuals with diabetes. The aim of the work is to determine changes in the expression of genes associated with the course of diabetes under conditions of exposure to intermittent hypoxia in pancreatic tissue samples of Wistar rats. Materials and methods. Analysis of gene expression was used by the polymerase chain reaction method with reverse transcription in real-time using the RT2 Profiler™ PCR Array Rat Diabetes kit (QIAGEN, Germany), where the pancreas of experimental animals was studied. Results. According to the results of the PCR study of animals with experimental diabetes and the influence of hypoxic training on its course, the activity of the studied genes can be divided as follows: genes with low expression compared to the control group of animals, where ∆∆Cт <30 (Ace; Cd28; Ctla4; Dusp4 ; Enpp1; Foxp3; G6pc; Gcgr; Glp1r; Gpd1; Gsk3b; Hmox1; Ide; Ikbkb; Il10; Il6; Ins1; Nfkb1; Nkx2-1; Parp1; Pdx1; Pik3cd; Pik3r1; Ppargc1a; Ptpn1; Rab4a; Retn; Slc14a2 ; Snap25; Sod2; Stx4; Stxbp1; Stxbp2; Tnf; Tnfrsf1a; Tnfrsf1b; Ucp2; Vamp2; Vegfa); genes in which no significant changes were detected in the samples in relation to the control group (Acly; Adra1a; Adrb3; Agt; Akt2; Aqp2; Ccl5; Ccr2; Ceacam1; Cebpa; Dpp4; Fbp1; Foxc2; Foxg1; Gcg; Gck; Hnf1b; Hnf4a ; Icam1; Ifng; Igfbp5; Il12b; Il4r; Inppl1; Irs1; Irs2; Mapk14; Mapk8; Neurod1; Nos3; Nrf1; Nsf; Ppara; Pparg; Pygl; Sell; Serpine1; Slc2a4; Snap23; Srebf1; Stxbp4; Tgfb1; Trib3 ; Vamp3; Vapa); there are no genes with high expression compared to the control group. Conclusions. The Nkx2-1 genes, Pik3r1, and Slc14a2 in rats subjected to experimental diabetes displayed notably reduced protein expression activity. Hypoxic training demonstrated an impact on mitigating the expression of the Nkx2-1 protein, which suggests that it might affect the mitochondrial muscle respiratory chain, modulate insulin signaling, and potentially rectify molecular deficiencies associated with diabetic nephropathy. Expression of Dpp4 genes, Gck, Ifng, Mapk8, Nsf and Sell in rats with experimental diabetes and the effect of hypoxic training on it were reduced to the ","PeriodicalId":10800,"journal":{"name":"Current issues in pharmacy and medicine: science and practice","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139289890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Results of a clinical trial of humeral neck osteosynthesis with carbon – carbon composite material","authors":"M. Golovakha, V. Chornyi","doi":"10.14739/2409-2932.2023.3.286567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14739/2409-2932.2023.3.286567","url":null,"abstract":"The metals utilized in the production of various implants in traumatology possess all the required mechanical properties. However, these materials are susceptible to oxidation. Carbon-carbon composites, on the other hand, exhibit X-ray transparency and are easily machinable. Thanks to their intricate yet essential physical, mechanical, and chemical properties, they find effective application in osteosynthesis and endoprosthesis procedures for bone structures. The aim of this study is to comparative view of the treatment outcomes for patients with fractures of the proximal part of the humerus by carbon-carbon composite material plates and titanium plates. Materials and methods. In this study, a carbon-carbon composite material plate was conducted osteosynthesis of the proximal part of the shoulder. In the comparison group, a titanium plate was employed. The study group comprised 20 patients, while the comparison group included 15 patients. The analysis of the results was carried out utilizing the Constant–Murley scale and the Quick DASH questionnaire. Results. A comparative study of treatment outcomes between the main and comparison groups revealed a more significant positive treatment effect in the group that underwent osteosynthesis of the humeral neck by a carbon-carbon composite material plate. This effect was observed at the 3-month, 6-month, and 12-month evaluation points. It was characterized by reduced shoulder pain, alleviated dysfunction manifestations, enhanced daily activities, and improved overall quality of life among patients in this group. Conclusions. The analysis of long-term treatment outcomes for proximal humerus fractures, utilizing both carbon-carbon composite material plates and titanium plates, by the Constant–Murley scale and the Quick DASH questionnaire, demonstrated statistically confirmed improvements in shoulder joint function for both treatment methods.","PeriodicalId":10800,"journal":{"name":"Current issues in pharmacy and medicine: science and practice","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139290073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and acute toxicity of new S-derivatives (1,2,4-triazole-3(2H)-yl)methyl) thiopyrimidines","authors":"Y. Karpenko, O. Panasenko, S. M. Kulish, A. Domnich","doi":"10.14739/2409-2932.2023.2.274586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14739/2409-2932.2023.2.274586","url":null,"abstract":"In the literature, there is insufficient information on the synthesis of compounds in a series of pyrimidine-2-thiol derivatives containing a five-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic fragment; at the same time, there are a sufficient number of examples, demonstrating the synthetic and biological potential for compounds of this kind.\u0000The relevance of the study “structure – acute toxicity” relationship in a number of newly synthesized derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole-3(2H)-thione with pyrimidine-2-thiol is due to the synthesis of potential low molecular weight interferon inducers and antitumor agents, the search for molecular descriptors of their structure, important for establishing “structure – acute toxicity” laws, as a system for evaluating the biological effects of compounds. Therefore, it is strategically and economically justified to conduct a study of the acute toxicity of synthesized compounds as a priority.\u0000The aim of the work is targeted synthesis of a number of S-derivatives (1,2,4-triazole-3(2H)-yl)methyl)thiopyrimidines and the establishment of the “structure – acute toxicity” relationship.\u0000Materials and methods. A modern set of physical-chemical research methods was used to study the compounds. The study of the acute toxicity of the synthesized compounds was performed on adult Danio rerio. During the experiments, the fish were kept on a diet for a test period of 96 hours, and their mortality was checked every 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours with the test compounds in each mini-aquarium containing at least 7 individuals of Danio rerio.\u0000Results. Results 1H NMR spectra confirm that the alkylation reaction occurs specifically on the sulfur atom. Thus, after analyzing LC50 data, we found that the least toxic among the studied compounds is 2-(((4-methyl-5-(octylthio)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-yl )methyl)thio)pyrimidine with an acute toxicity value of 49.66 mg/l. The most toxic compound is 2-(((4-methyl-5-(methylthio)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-yl)methyl)thio)pyrimidine with an LC50 value of 8.29 mg/l. The low toxicity of the compound 2-(((4-methyl-5-(octylthio)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-yl)methyl)thio)pyrimidine is most likely due to the presence of an octyl substituent, which sufficiently penetrates through biological membranes and does not have a strong toxic effect on organ systems. Furthermore, it does not accumulate but is metabolized in the cell.\u0000Conclusions. New hybrids of 1,2,4-triazole-3(2H)-yl)methyl)thiopyrimidines were obtained using the heterocyclization reaction of the intermediate carbothioamide. To reduce the indicators of acute toxicity and increase their biological activity, synthesized S-derivatives of this series were created. It was established that S-derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole-3(2H)-yl)methyl)thiopyrimidines belong to moderately toxic to low-toxic compounds according to the classification of D. R. Passino. 2-(((4-Methyl-5-(octylthio)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-yl)methyl)thio)pyrimidine has an acute toxicity value of 49.66 mg/l. The most toxic co","PeriodicalId":10800,"journal":{"name":"Current issues in pharmacy and medicine: science and practice","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78469347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of molecular mechanisms of development and course of experimental diabetes mellitus in Wistar rats","authors":"T. Ivanenko","doi":"10.14739/2409-2932.2023.2.281209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14739/2409-2932.2023.2.281209","url":null,"abstract":"The development and progression of diabetes involves several molecular mechanisms, in particular: insulin resistance, dysfunction of beta cells, inflammatory processes. These mechanisms can disrupt insulin signaling pathways, contribute to beta-cell apoptosis, and are not necessarily dependent on the intervention of cytokines and chemokines. Additionally, genetics play a role, as some forms of diabetes are caused by genetic mutations affecting insulin production or sensitivity. The molecular mechanisms underlying the development and progression of diabetes are complex and encompass various aspects of the body’s physiology and biochemistry. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for the development of effective methods for treating and preventing diabetes.\u0000The aim of the work is analysis of the expression of genes, related to diabetes in pancreatic tissue samples of Wistar rats.\u0000Materials and methods. The polymerase chain reaction method with real-time reverse transcription was used to analyze gene expression using the RTI Profiler™ PCR Array Rat Diabetes kit (QIAGEN, Germany), where the pancreas was the object of research in experimental animals.\u0000Results. RTI Profiler™ PCR Array Rat Diabetes profiles the expression of 84 genes, associated with the onset, development, and progression of diabetes. The panel contains genes that contribute to obesity, insulin resistance, early-onset diabetes, and its late complications. These genes are represented by functional categories: receptors, transporters, and channels; nuclear receptors; metabolic enzymes; secretion factors; signal transduction proteins; transcription factors.\u0000According to the PCR results of the study of the control group of animals and animals with experimental diabetes, we established the activity of the Nkx2-1 genes; Pik3r1; Slc14a2 with high expression compared to control animals.\u0000Conclusions. The Nkx2-1 gene has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes, as evidenced by its high expression activity compared to the control group of animals. Additionally, the Pik3r1 protein shows elevated expression levels in the group of animals with experimental diabetes. These changes are believed to be part of a compensatory mechanism aimed at preserving the cellular function of the pancreatic endocrine system. Furthermore, the observed increase in Slc14a2 protein expression likely indicates the onset of late complications associated with kidney pathology in the course of diabetes.","PeriodicalId":10800,"journal":{"name":"Current issues in pharmacy and medicine: science and practice","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84622488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diuretic activity of some 4- and 3-thio-substituted 1,2,4-triazoles with fluorophenyl fragments","authors":"O. A. Bihdan, V. Parchenko, B. Kyrychko, T. V. Zvenyhorodska, D. Romanina","doi":"10.14739/2409-2932.2023.2.277468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14739/2409-2932.2023.2.277468","url":null,"abstract":"Diuretics increase the volume of urine and sodium excretion, and therefore are often used to remove excess fluid from the body during various diseases, including hypertension, heart and kidney failure, nephrotic syndrome, cirrhosis, etc. Until now, a wide range of diuretics is known, but none of them is completely safe and has a number of side effects.\u0000The aim of the work is to investigate the diuretic activity of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives containing fluorophenyl substituents at the fifth position of the 1,2,4-triazole fragment, as well as to establish the relationship between “chemical structure and diuretic action” among derivatives 1,2,4-triazole.\u0000Materials and methods. To study the effect on kidney function, six groups of animals with seven rats each were used. When studying water diuresis, rats were kept on a constant diet with free access to water. Before water loading (5 % of body weight), rats were fasted for 2 hours without food and water. Since all tested compounds were insoluble in water, they were administered orally as an aqueous suspension stabilized with Tween-80. The compounds were administered at a dose of 1/10 LD50.\u0000Results. The diuretic activity of 28 new compounds of a number of substituted 1,2,4-triazole-3-thiols, which according to their chemical structure belong to different classes of compounds, was investigated.\u0000Conclusions. Analysis of the results of diuretic activity indicates that there are a number of compounds whose activity is higher than hypothiazide, as well as a compound that exceeds the activity of furosemide.","PeriodicalId":10800,"journal":{"name":"Current issues in pharmacy and medicine: science and practice","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88739312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectrophotometric study of tannins in the herb Achillea millefolium L.","authors":"H. P. Smoilovska, O. O. Maliuhina, O. Yerenko, T. V. Khortetska","doi":"10.14739/2409-2932.2023.2.281344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14739/2409-2932.2023.2.281344","url":null,"abstract":"Tannins are an important class of secondary metabolites with a wide range of pharmacological effects, due to which they are used in various fields of treatment. In plants of the genus Achillea L., tannins are the dominant class of compounds. This allows the use of plant raw materials and extracts of yarrow for the development of complex herbal and combined formulations of medicines. The search for new sources of natural tannin compounds for pharmaceutical and cosmetic purposes is of significant interest and encourages the improvement of phytochemical research methods of known species of medicinal plants.\u0000The aim of the work was to develop a spectrophotometric method for determining the quantitative composition of tannin compounds in terms of gallic acid in the herb of Achillea millefolium L.\u0000Materials and methods. The study utilized dried air-dried raw material of yarrow for analysis. The quantitative content of polyphenols in the plant material was determined using a modified UV spectrophotometric method, with calculations based on pyrogallol equivalents. The development of the spectrophotometric technique for determining tannins from the herb of Achillea millefolium L., expressed as gallic acid equivalents, considered the effects of extractant concentration and the degree of plant material grinding.\u0000Results. The water extract from the herb of Achillea millefolium L. exhibited a quantitative content of polyphenols, calculated as pyrogallol equivalents, at 2.9781 ± 0.0177 %. It was observed that the particle size of the raw material significantly influenced the yield of active substances. The optimal technological parameters for the developed method involved extracting plant material that was crushed to a size of 0.5–1.0 mm, using 70 % ethanol in a ratio of 1:10, resulting in a yield of 4.08 ± 0.01 %.\u0000Conclusions. Based on the obtained results, it is recommended to utilize the developed method, employing gallic acid equivalents, for the quantification of tannins in alcohol-water extracts of yarrow.","PeriodicalId":10800,"journal":{"name":"Current issues in pharmacy and medicine: science and practice","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91294160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of Thiocetam in the complex therapy of combat-related brain contusion","authors":"I. F. Bielenichev, K. Y. Nerianov, V. Chernii, D. A. Sereda, L. Kucherenko, N. V. Derevianko, К. І. Kandybei","doi":"10.14739/2409-2932.2023.2.281460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14739/2409-2932.2023.2.281460","url":null,"abstract":"Each patient presents a unique set of characteristics and challenges when it comes to acute cerebral ischemia resulting from craniocerebral injury.\u0000The aim of this study is to investigate the utilization of Thiocetam as part of a comprehensive treatment approach for combat-related cerebral contusion and to assess the therapeutic effects of Thiocetam in patients with mild and moderate closed combat craniocerebral trauma in comparison to standard basic therapy.\u0000Materials and methods. 79 patients with mild and moderate closed combat craniocerebral trauma were examined. Among them, 76 patients experienced craniocerebral trauma due to an explosive blast injury, which included conditions such as brain concussion, mild cerebral contusion, and cranial vault fractures. All patients were admitted to the department during the acute period of their injuries.\u0000During the study, various clinical and functional methods were employed to assess the condition of the central nervous system. These methods were used to evaluate the effects of the complex treatment administered to the patients.\u0000Results. The administration of Thiocetam to the patients did not result in an increase in excitability, nervousness, or sleep disturbances. Furthermore, the examination of autonomic reactivity following Thiocetam treatment revealed that the indicator of normal autonomic reactivity increased to 60 % in the treated group, whereas it only increased to 42 % in the control group. Additionally, the patients with initially heightened vegetative reactions experienced a decrease from 42.8 % to 17.9 % in the treated group, while the control group saw a decrease from 38.5 % to 23.1 %. In terms of clinical outcomes, a positive effect was observed in 94 % of patients in the Thiocetam-treated group within the first 5 days. In comparison, the control group showed a positive clinical effect in 76 % of cases. This improvement was evident both in the clinical field and based on indicators of autonomic reactivity in EEG data, as well as cognitive function assessed by the MMSE cognitive function test scale.\u0000Conclusions. The utilization of Thiocetam during the acute phase of mild and moderate closed combat craniocerebral trauma enhances the neuroprotective effects of basic therapy. The combined drug Thiocetam, which possesses both nootropic and neuroprotective effects, offers the advantage of reducing or even avoiding the side effects commonly associated with traditional racetam nootropics.","PeriodicalId":10800,"journal":{"name":"Current issues in pharmacy and medicine: science and practice","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89574107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microsurgical clipping of anterior communicating artery aneurysms as a method of prevention of repeated aneurysm rupture","authors":"І. О. Shkil","doi":"10.14739/2409-2932.2023.2.278867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14739/2409-2932.2023.2.278867","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of microsurgical clipping of anterior communicating artery (AComA) aneurysms as a method of prevention of repeated aneurysm rupture.\u0000Materials and methods. A total of 98 patients were included in the study, with a mean age of 47.8 ± 11.0 years. The female-to-male ratio was 1.04 : 1.00. Aneurysms were verified using computer tomography of the head and neck vessels, selective cerebral angiography, and MRI angiography of cerebral vessels.\u0000Results. Pterional access was used for surgical intervention in all patients. In the first three days after the aneurysm rupture, microsurgical treatment was performed on 18 of the most severe patients. After three days and later, surgical intervention was performed in patients with compensated and sub-compensated conditions. Patients were further examined; microsurgical tactics were carefully planned. Brain compression, pronounced dislocation, and occlusive hydrocephalus were indications for emergency surgery. Angiospasm was detected in 45 patients (45.9 %), among them pronounced angiospasm was detected in 36 %, widespread – in 20 %, intracerebral hematomas – in 30 (30.6 %), intraventricular hemorrhages – in 28 (28.6 %). In five cases, intracerebral hematomas led to pronounced compression of the brain and dislocation of the middle structures. These patients underwent hematoma removal and aneurysm clipping. Half of the patients had simultaneous intraventricular hemorrhages and intracerebral hematomas of the frontal lobes and the blood was most often localized in several ventricles. Four patients with decompensated hydrocephalus underwent ventricular drainage and CSF bypass operations before aneurysm clipping. Postoperative mortality in this group of patients was 11 %, and severe neurological deficits were 22 %.\u0000It was established that repeated ruptures of AComA aneurysms occurred in 15 % of treated patients after admission to the hospital.\u0000Conclusions. Microsurgical treatment provides a minimally invasive approach that minimizes damage to the surrounding brain tissue and helps preserve brain function and minimizes the risk of postoperative neurological complications.","PeriodicalId":10800,"journal":{"name":"Current issues in pharmacy and medicine: science and practice","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77520231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of approaches to the preparation of social reporting of pharmaceutical enterprises","authors":"N. Tkachenko, I. Y. Horodetska, O. Levytska","doi":"10.14739/2409-2932.2023.2.275452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14739/2409-2932.2023.2.275452","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The work aims are to find and justify unified approaches to social reporting for pharmaceutical enterprises, which would enable the evaluation and comparison of the social activities of organizations across different market segments by all stakeholders.\u0000Materials and methods. Materials are scientific and scientific-methodical publications, regulatory and legislative documents on social responsibility, and information from the official websites of domestic manufacturing pharmaceutical enterprises, which were included in the top 20 marketing organizations by the volume of drugs’ pharmacy sales in 2022, to social reporting. Methods: critical analysis, content analysis, generalization, and interpretation of results.\u0000Results. The study found that while social reporting of pharmaceutical enterprises is an established practice abroad, there is no unified approach to their preparation, resulting in a diverse range of content.\u0000In Ukraine, it was observed that only JSC “Pharmak”, Arterium Corporation, and PJSC RPC “Borshchagivskyi chemical and pharmaceutical plant” publish reports on their corporate social responsibility. Other pharmaceutical companies provide information on their social measures either in management reports or in news. The phenomenon of social reporting of domestic pharmaceutical enterprises and the approaches to its preparation are still in the early stages of development. Therefore, this study proposes a framework for the content of such reports that caters to various stakeholders.\u0000Conclusions. Domestic manufacturing pharmaceutical enterprises apply different criteria and different approaches to inform society about their social activities, making it difficult to compare their contribution to the sustainable development of the country.\u0000It has been established that domestic pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises need to strengthen their efforts in this direction. The preparation of transparent social reports based on international standards is one of the tools for promoting openness, improving the company’s activities, and ensuring accountability in the context of social responsibility.","PeriodicalId":10800,"journal":{"name":"Current issues in pharmacy and medicine: science and practice","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87160908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}