Critical reviews in neurobiology最新文献_第8页

Critical reviews in neurobiology Pub Date : 2000-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CRITREVNEUROBIOL.V14.I3-4.20

M. Soltani, Robert T. Knight

引用次数: 457

Episodic memory meets working memory in the frontal lobe: functional neuroimaging studies of encoding and retrieval. 额叶情景记忆与工作记忆:编码与检索的功能神经影像学研究。

Critical reviews in neurobiology Pub Date : 2000-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CRITREVNEUROBIOL.V14.I3-4.10

Andy C. H. Lee, Trevor W. Robbins, Adrian M. Owen

引用次数: 67

Episodic memory meets working memory in the frontal lobe: functional neuroimaging studies of encoding and retrieval. 额叶情景记忆与工作记忆:编码与检索的功能神经影像学研究。

Critical reviews in neurobiology Pub Date : 2000-01-01

A C Lee, T W Robbins, A M Owen

引用次数: 0

Sleep after immobilization stress and sleep deprivation: common features and theoretical integration. 卧床后应激与睡眠剥夺:共同特征及理论整合。

Critical reviews in neurobiology Pub Date : 2000-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CRITREVNEUROBIOL.V14.I3-4.30

V. Rotenberg

{"title":"Sleep after immobilization stress and sleep deprivation: common features and theoretical integration.","authors":"V. Rotenberg","doi":"10.1615/CRITREVNEUROBIOL.V14.I3-4.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/CRITREVNEUROBIOL.V14.I3-4.30","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of the present paper is to elucidate and to resolve contradictions in the relationships among different forms of stress, sleep deprivation, and paradoxical sleep (PS) functions. Acute immobilization stress and the stress of learned helplessness are accompanied by an increase of PS, whereas the stress of defense behavior and the stress of self-stimulation cause PS reduction. Recovery sleep after total sleep deprivation performed on the rotating platform is marked by a dramatic rebound of PS although NREM (non-rapid eye movement) sleep deprivation is more prominent than PS deprivation. This PS rebound leads to a quick reversal of the pathology caused by prolonged sleep deprivation. The search activity (SA) concept presents an explanation for these contradictions. SA increases body resistance to stress and diseases, whereas renunciation of search (giving up, helplessness) decreases body resistance. PS and dreams contain covert SA, which compensates for the lack of the overt SA in the preceding period of wakefulness. The requirement for PS increases after giving up and decreases after active defense behavior and self-stimulation. Immobilization stress prevents SA in waking behavior and increases the need in PS. Sleep deprivation on the rotating platform, like immobilization stress, prevents SA, produces conditions for learned helplessness and, suppresses PS. Such a combination increases PS pressure and decreases body resistance.","PeriodicalId":10778,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in neurobiology","volume":"37 1","pages":"225-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90938028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Neural origins of the P300. P300的神经起源。

Critical reviews in neurobiology Pub Date : 2000-01-01

M Soltani, R T Knight

引用次数: 0

Ca2+/calmodulin signaling in NMDA-induced synaptic plasticity. nmda诱导的突触可塑性中的Ca2+/钙调蛋白信号。

Critical reviews in neurobiology Pub Date : 2000-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CRITREVNEUROBIOL.V14.I2.10

M. Gnegy

{"title":"Ca2+/calmodulin signaling in NMDA-induced synaptic plasticity.","authors":"M. Gnegy","doi":"10.1615/CRITREVNEUROBIOL.V14.I2.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/CRITREVNEUROBIOL.V14.I2.10","url":null,"abstract":"Repeated experiences induce a synaptic plasticity in neurons that can be very long lasting. The neurotransmitter, glutamate, acting through N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors is integrally involved in eliciting persistent changes in synaptic function resulting in learning and memory. The permeability of NMDA receptors to Ca2+ implies the close involvement of Ca2+ and the Ca2+-binding protein, calmodulin, in NMDA-induced synaptic plasticity. A notable example of NMDA-induced synaptic plasticity is long-term potentiation in the hippocampal CA1 region. The involvement of Ca2+ and calmodulin in the induction and expression of LTP has been intensively investigated and documented. Less well studied are neurochemical adaptations in another example of NMDA-induced synaptic plasticity, stimulant-induced behavioral sensitization. Although amphetamine and cocaine increase synaptic monoamines, glutamate is involved in the induction and expression of the sensitization. Activating NMDA receptors in dopamine midbrain cell bodies is required for inducing stimulant sensitization, implying a role for Ca2+ in this plasticity. The purpose of this review is to examine the role of Ca2+ and calmodulin in two examples of NMDA-based plasticity, LTP, and stimulant-induced behavioral sensitization. There are similarities in the neuroadaptations, although the role of Ca2+ and calmodulin has not been thoroughly investigated in the stimulant-induced plasticity.","PeriodicalId":10778,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in neurobiology","volume":"22 1","pages":"91-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84518861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 76

Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia is the core of the disorder. 认知障碍是精神分裂症的核心。

Critical reviews in neurobiology Pub Date : 2000-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CRITREVNEUROBIOL.V14.I1.10

B. Elvevåg, T. Goldberg

{"title":"Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia is the core of the disorder.","authors":"B. Elvevåg, T. Goldberg","doi":"10.1615/CRITREVNEUROBIOL.V14.I1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/CRITREVNEUROBIOL.V14.I1.10","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with schizophrenia exhibit an exceedingly wide range of symptoms from a variety of domains. The cardinal features are abnormal ideas (such as delusions); abnormal perceptions (such as hallucinations); formal thought disorder (as evidenced by disorganized speech); motor, volitional, and behavioral disorders; and emotional disorders (such as affective flattening or inappropriateness). In addition to these diverse, and sometimes bizarre symptoms, it has become increasingly apparent that the disorder is, to variable degrees, accompanied by a broad spectrum of cognitive impairments. This review addresses the question of whether the cognitive deficits seen in schizophrenic patients are the core features of the disorder. In other words, we explore whether schizophrenia is best characterized by symptoms or cognitive deficits (we suggest the latter) and moreover, whether there is a specific cognitive deficit profile that may assist in diagnosis. First, we discuss what the cognitive deficits are. Then we address in turn the reality, frequency, predictive validity, specificity, course and susceptibility to neuroleptic effects of these cognitive impairments. In brief, we argue that various cognitive deficits are enduring features of the schizophrenia illness, that they are not state-related and are not specific to subtypes of the illness, and, more specifically, that working memory and attention are characteristically impaired in patients with schizophrenia, irrespective of their level of intelligence. Last, we conclude that problems in these cognitive domains are at the very core of the dysfunction in this disease.","PeriodicalId":10778,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in neurobiology","volume":"20 1","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72995635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 826

Applications of microdialysis methodology in nonhuman primates: practice and rationale. 微透析方法在非人灵长类动物中的应用:实践和基本原理。

Critical reviews in neurobiology Pub Date : 2000-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CRITREVNEUROBIOL.V14.I2.30

C. Bradberry

引用次数: 21

Functional relationship among medial prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, and ventral tegmental area in locomotion and reward. 内侧前额叶皮层、伏隔核和腹侧被盖区在运动和奖赏中的功能关系。

Critical reviews in neurobiology Pub Date : 2000-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CRITREVNEUROBIOL.V14.I2.20

T. Tzschentke, Werner J. Schmidt

{"title":"Functional relationship among medial prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, and ventral tegmental area in locomotion and reward.","authors":"T. Tzschentke, Werner J. Schmidt","doi":"10.1615/CRITREVNEUROBIOL.V14.I2.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/CRITREVNEUROBIOL.V14.I2.20","url":null,"abstract":"Prominent projections of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) to the nucleus accumbens (NAS) and the ventral tegmental area (VTA) exist, but it has been difficult to assign a clear functional role to either of these projections. With some exceptions to be discussed in some detail, only a few neurochemical and behavioral effects of manipulating the mPFC can be explained by invoking the mPFC-NAS projection, while most effects are compatible with an involvement of the mPFC-VTA-NAS or mPFC-pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPTg)-VTA-NAS circuits. What is known about the organization and function of these loops is generally consistent with the results obtained by stimulating or lesioning or injecting drugs into the mPFC, yet these findings are largely inconsistent with the functional organization of the mPFC-NAS projection. This review briefly summarizes some of the most important aspects of what is known about the functional interactions of the mPFC. NAS, VTA, and associated areas, and focuses on functional differences between the mesocortical and the mesoaccumbal dopaminergic projections, and between the corticomesencephalic and the corticoaccumbal glutamatergic projections.","PeriodicalId":10778,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in neurobiology","volume":"25 1","pages":"131-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84765747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 210

Expression patterns and regulation of glutamate transporters in the developing and adult nervous system. 谷氨酸转运体在发育和成人神经系统中的表达模式和调控。

Critical reviews in neurobiology Pub Date : 1999-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/critrevneurobiol.v13.i2.30

K D Sims, M B Robinson

{"title":"Expression patterns and regulation of glutamate transporters in the developing and adult nervous system.","authors":"K D Sims, M B Robinson","doi":"10.1615/critrevneurobiol.v13.i2.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/critrevneurobiol.v13.i2.30","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glutamate and aspartate are the primary excitatory neurotransmitters in the mammalian central nervous system and have also been implicated as mediators of excitotoxic neuronal injury and death. The precise control of extracellular glutamate and aspartate is crucial to the maintenance of normal synaptic transmission and the prevention of excitotoxicity following acute insults to the brain, such as stroke or head trauma, or during the progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The removal of excitatory amino acids (EAAs) from the extracellular space is primarily mediated by a family of sodium-dependent glutamate transporters. These transporters use the sodium electrochemical gradients of the cell to actively concentrate EAAs in both neurons and glia. Five members of this transporter family have been cloned recently and include both 'glial'-specific and 'neuron'-specific subtypes. Although these subtypes share many common functional properties, there are considerable differences in developmental expression, chronic and acute regulation by cellular signaling pathways, and contribution to disease processes among the subtypes. In this review recent studies of glutamate transporter expression, regulation, function, and pathological relevance are summarized, and some of the discrepancies and unexpected results common to any rapidly progressing field are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":10778,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in neurobiology","volume":"13 2","pages":"169-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21374678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 174