Contraception最新文献

{"title":"Patient interest in and availability of a 12-month supply of contraception: A cross-sectional analysis","authors":"Megan Fuerst,&nbsp;Haley Burns,&nbsp;Kaitlin Schrote,&nbsp;Maria Rodriguez","doi":"10.1016/j.contraception.2025.111232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.contraception.2025.111232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess patient interest in receiving a 12-month supply of contraception (13 cycles dispensed at once) in states with extended contraceptive supply policies and identify potential factors associated with non-receipt of an extended supply of contraception among those interested.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>We conducted a cross-sectional survey among individuals receiving a prescription contraceptive at US pharmacies about their interest in a 12-month contraceptive supply and their experience receiving their prescription at a pharmacy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nearly three-quarters of participants (72.9%, <em>N</em> = 358) expressed interest in a 12-month supply citing reasons such as convenience and avoiding prescription lapses. Only 17.6% (<em>N</em> = 85/491) had previously been offered a 12-month supply by a provider. Less than half of extended supply prescriptions were appropriately dispensed at pharmacies.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>There is unmet patient need for obtaining a 12-month supply contraception, even in states where policies promote insurance coverage for an extended supply of oral contraception.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10762,"journal":{"name":"Contraception","volume":"153 ","pages":"Article 111232"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145126591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transgender, nonbinary, and gender expansive experiences with telehealth medication abortion and implications for health equity in the United States","authors":"Andréa Becker ,&nbsp;Stef M. Shuster ,&nbsp;Leah R. Koenig ,&nbsp;Jennifer Ko ,&nbsp;Ushma D. Upadhyay","doi":"10.1016/j.contraception.2025.111212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.contraception.2025.111212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Transgender, nonbinary, and gender-expansive patients need abortion care. However, little is known about trans and gender expansive patients’ experiences with telehealth abortion care, a growing model of abortion service post-Dobbs.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>We conducted 15 in-depth interviews with trans and gender expansive patients of three US virtual abortion clinics who obtained telehealth abortion care between April 2021 and May 2024. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed abductively using NVivo.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Telehealth abortion reduced barriers for trans and gender expansive patients. Many interviewees appreciated the ability to avoid entering an abortion clinic, a space typically associated with “women’s health.” Telehealth allowed patients to circumvent barriers to care such as potential gender discrimination or uncomfortable gender-related interactions. Additionally, patients reported an increased sense of privacy due to being able to report their chosen name and/or pronouns on intake forms, or not disclose their gender identity altogether. As a result, patients were able to cultivate positive relationships with providers.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Telehealth abortion care is highly acceptable and beneficial for trans and gender expansive patients, as they benefit from an at-home experience coupled with reduced gender discrimination. Findings can help direct gender-affirming abortion care in person and in virtual clinics.</div></div><div><h3>Implications</h3><div>Healthcare providers should prioritize delivery of care models that allow patients to either disclose their chosen name and pronouns or keep their gender identity and presentation private. As part of this, a telehealth model is an integral element of trans-inclusive abortion provision.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10762,"journal":{"name":"Contraception","volume":"153 ","pages":"Article 111212"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145126627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the association between a postpartum intrauterine device intervention and perceived pressure to adopt contraception in Sri Lanka","authors":"Brooke W. Bullington ,&nbsp;Katherine Tumlinson ,&nbsp;Leigh Senderowicz ,&nbsp;Joanna Maselko ,&nbsp;Kavita Shah Arora ,&nbsp;Jessie K. Edwards ,&nbsp;Audrey Pettifor","doi":"10.1016/j.contraception.2025.111242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.contraception.2025.111242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective(s)</h3><div>Traditional measures of success in family planning research focus on contraceptive uptake and use. Scholars have increasingly challenged these outcomes, calling for rights-based, person-centered measures that capture whether individuals can fulfill their reproductive preferences or desires. We sought to evaluate a family planning program using a novel, person-centered measure of perceived pressure to adopt contraception.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>We use secondary data collected as part of the Postpartum Intrauterine Device (PPIUD) Study, a step-wedged, cluster-randomized trial of a provider-focused PPIUD intervention conducted in Sri Lanka from 2015 to 2018. We used logistic regression to assess the association between the PPIUD intervention and perceived pressure to adopt contraception at 18-month follow-up and converted estimates into risk differences.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>About 18 months following the PPIUD intervention, 13% of participants were not using contraception, most (82%) were using contraception and did not report feeling pressured to adopt their method, and 5% were using contraception and did report feeling pressured. While the PPIUD intervention was associated with increased contraceptive use, it was also associated with increased perceived pressure to adopt contraception (risk difference comparing intervention and control group: 4.5%; 95% confidence interval: −2.7%, 11.7%). Perceived pressure to adopt contraception was higher among IUD users compared to users of other contraceptive methods.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>While expanding access to contraceptive methods – including the IUD – is imperative to promote choice in contraceptive decision-making, our findings highlight the importance of evaluating interventions not just based on use or uptake of specific contraceptive methods, but also using person-centered outcomes that capture reproductive autonomy.</div></div><div><h3>Implications</h3><div>Evaluating family planning programs solely on contraceptive use overlooks critical aspects of reproductive autonomy. We find that a postpartum IUD intervention in Sri Lanka was associated with increased contraceptive use but also increased perceived pressure to adopt contraception. Our findings emphasize the importance of assessing programs using rights-based, person-centered measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10762,"journal":{"name":"Contraception","volume":"153 ","pages":"Article 111242"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145226561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decreasing opioid provision and use while maintaining analgesia efficacy in cervical preparation with osmotic dilators before dilation and evacuation: A quality improvement initiative","authors":"Paige D. Kendall ,&nbsp;Jeanelle Sheeder ,&nbsp;Nancy Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.contraception.2025.111236","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.contraception.2025.111236","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To reduce opioid use and provision while maintaining analgesia and patient satisfaction with osmotic dilators for cervical preparation before dilation and evacuation (D&amp;E).</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>We conducted a quality improvement initiative to reduce opioid use by studying an analgesia protocol change from the existing “routine opioid provision” to a novel “opioid-sparing” protocol. We collected data through patient surveys from patients undergoing overnight osmotic dilators before D&amp;E from 16 to 26 weeks of gestation. We assessed pain on a numeric rating scale (0–10) before dilator placement (baseline) and D&amp;E. The primary outcome was median change in individual pain score from baseline to maximum overnight with osmotic dilators in place.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Opioid provision (93.9% vs 10.3%, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and opioid use (57.6% vs 7.7%, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) were lower in the novel opioid-sparing group. Median change in individual pain score was lower in the novel opioid-sparing group (7.0 [0–10]) compared to the existing routine opioid group (8.0 [0–10]) (<em>p</em> = 0.01).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The novel opioid-sparing protocol reduced opioid provision and use while also demonstrating lower pain scores and maintaining satisfaction in patients undergoing osmotic dilators before D&amp;E.</div></div><div><h3>Implications</h3><div>Limiting opioid use for cervical preparation with osmotic dilators before second-trimester dilation and evacuation can reduce opioid provision and use, while maintaining analgesia efficacy and patient satisfaction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10762,"journal":{"name":"Contraception","volume":"153 ","pages":"Article 111236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145180836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contraceptive use and fracture risk in active-duty females - A case control study","authors":"Brenna Ryan ,&nbsp;Anne Brezovec ,&nbsp;Saixia Ying ,&nbsp;Shauna Stahlman ,&nbsp;Bruce Pier","doi":"10.1016/j.contraception.2025.111239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.contraception.2025.111239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine a possible association of hormonal contraception use with military stress fractures given impact of readiness and hypothesized fracture risk with continuous contraceptive use while deployed.</div></div><div><h3>Study Design</h3><div>This IRB approved case-control study used incidence density sampling to assess associations between hormonal contraceptives and stress fracture. Up to four controls were matched to each case of stress fracture based on race/ethnicity, service branch, age, and time in service. Cases with &lt;4 months of service were excluded. Crude and adjusted incidence rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate effects of hormonal contraceptive use to incident stress fracture diagnosis. Intrauterine devices (IUDs), implants, and injectables were analyzed separately and oral contraceptives (OC), patches, and vaginal rings were analyzed combined given their similar mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Cases (<em>n</em> = 1689) were more likely to be enlisted, vitamin D deficient, obese, and have a history of bone disease. Before adjustment, no hormonal contraceptives were associated with increased risk of fracture. After adjustment for obesity and rank, only the combination of OC/patches/vaginal rings demonstrated a statistically significant association with stress fracture after 2-3 years of use (IRR 2.17, 95% CI 1.10-4.28, <em>p</em> value 0.03).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study suggests limited or no associations between recent hormonal contraceptive use and increased risk for stress fracture. This potential association should be investigated further.</div></div><div><h3>Implications</h3><div>This study finds that hormonal contraceptives are not associated with an increased risk of stress fracture and supports knowledge of hormonal effects on bone and prescribing considerations in highly active women.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10762,"journal":{"name":"Contraception","volume":"153 ","pages":"Article 111239"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145202322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infected products of conception in obstructed hemivagina after medical management of early pregnancy loss: A case report","authors":"John Dinelli ,&nbsp;Kevin Espino ,&nbsp;Frances Casey","doi":"10.1016/j.contraception.2025.111213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.contraception.2025.111213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal anomaly is a Mullerian anomaly with variable presentations. A patient with this syndrome had a superinfected fluid collection in an obstructed hemivagina after mifepristone and misoprostol administration for an embryonic demise, identifying a potential complication in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10762,"journal":{"name":"Contraception","volume":"153 ","pages":"Article 111213"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145152227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Society of Family Planning Research Practice Support: Digital and data security for abortion research in a post-Dobbs era—A primer for qualitative researchers","authors":"Melissa Madera ,&nbsp;Amanda Bennett ,&nbsp;Katherine Bertash ,&nbsp;Erica P. Cahill","doi":"10.1016/j.contraception.2025.111208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.contraception.2025.111208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Abortion is banned or severely restricted in nearly half of the United States. Research on the impact of these restrictions and abortion care has never been more critical. Yet the surveillance and criminalization of people seeking abortion care, self-managing an abortion, providing abortion care, or helping people access abortion care present significant threats and concerns to them and abortion researchers. This paper reviews foundational concepts in digital and data security, and provides key suggestions, specifically for abortion researchers conducting qualitative research studies.</div><div>In this article, an expert panel discusses, suggests, and organizes best practices in digital and data privacy and security for qualitative abortion research. We suggest that all abortion researchers develop a digital and data security protocol (DDSP) through threat modeling for each individual research project, but our recommendations focus specifically on issues relevant to qualitative research studies. Components of a DDSP include: (1) determining what minimal data is necessary, (2) describing potential threats, (3) determining a mitigation plan, and (4) assessing efficacy of strategies using test scenarios. Research participants should be informed of potential risks including breach of privacy and confidentiality, and criminalization as well as the DDSP during the research informed consent process. Although this paper focuses on qualitative research, the basic data and digital security principles and tools discussed will be of use to all researchers regardless of the study type (e.g. mixed methods, quantitative, chart reviews, clinical, oral history, etc.).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10762,"journal":{"name":"Contraception","volume":"153 ","pages":"Article 111208"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145066749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world validation of a bleeding prediction algorithm in levonorgestrel intrauterine device users using the MyIUS mobile app","authors":"Carolina Sales Vieira ,&nbsp;Lisa Eggebrecht ,&nbsp;Igor Andre Milhoranca ,&nbsp;Robert Neumann ,&nbsp;Mariana Schiffer Acar ,&nbsp;Sophia von Stockum ,&nbsp;Ann-Kathrin Frenz","doi":"10.1016/j.contraception.2025.111201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.contraception.2025.111201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to validate the real-world performance of the MyIUS mobile application algorithm in predicting bleeding intensity and regularity in levonorgestrel intrauterine device (LNG-IUD) 52 mg, 19.5 mg, and 13.5 mg users following device insertion.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>This was an observational real-world performance study conducted in Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Spain, Mexico, and Brazil, including women aged ≥ 18 years who provided electronic written informed consent and had used the MyIUS app for 90 days following LNG-IUD 52 mg, 19.5 mg, or 13.5 mg insertion. At day 90, participants received personalized bleeding predictions for one of three bleeding intensity clusters (<em>predominantly amenorrhea</em>, <em>predominantly spotting</em>, or <em>predominantly bleeding</em>), with those predicted <em>predominantly spotting</em> or <em>predominantly bleeding</em> receiving <em>regular</em> or <em>irregular</em> cycle predictions. After the 270-day data collection period, bleeding data self-reported from the last 180 days were evaluated and compared with the bleeding profile prediction.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Based on 1734 participants with close-to-complete data sets, the overall multiclass area under the curve for the three LNG-IUDs was 0.81 (95% CI, 0.79–0.83) for bleeding intensity prediction, corresponding to sufficient discrimination in algorithm performance based on predefined thresholds. The overall area under the curve for menstrual cycle regularity prediction was 0.66 (95% CI, 0.63–0.68).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Results validated the bleeding intensity prediction algorithm in a real-world environment, providing evidence to support the global use of MyIUS for individualized insights into bleeding changes following LNG-IUD insertion. Further refinement of the algorithm, especially regarding its performance in predicting cycle regularity, and testing of its clinical utility are warranted.</div></div><div><h3>Implications</h3><div>This study validated the mobile application–housed bleeding prediction algorithm MyIUS in predicting bleeding intensity in LNG-IUD users following insertion in a real-world setting, supporting the global use of MyIUS for individualized insights into bleeding changes following LNG-IUD insertion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10762,"journal":{"name":"Contraception","volume":"152 ","pages":"Article 111201"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145008631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“On my own time”: A qualitative exploration of patient experiences receiving asynchronous medication abortion care in the United States, 2022–2023","authors":"Shay Gingras,&nbsp;Bridge McKye,&nbsp;Alison Ojanen-Goldsmith","doi":"10.1016/j.contraception.2025.111049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.contraception.2025.111049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to explore patient experience and support needs in receiving asynchronous medication abortion care without a real-time provider visit.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>We conducted semistructured interviews with individuals who received asynchronous medication abortion care through the Medication Abortion–Autonomous Self-Assessment Project study from May 2022 through February 2023. We asked participants about their decision-making, needs, and experiences with this method of medication abortion. We transcribed, coded, and analyzed the interviews. We identified major themes related to patient experience with asynchronous medication abortion care and synthesized suggestions for improving this care modality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We interviewed 18 individuals from August to October 2023 who received an asynchronous medication abortion through the Medication Abortion–Autonomous Self-Assessment Project study in either Minnesota or Colorado. Asynchronous medication abortion care offered patients psychosocial control, flexibility and convenience, autonomy, privacy, and the ability to avoid unnecessary medical contact. The majority of participants stated they would use this method again if needed and would recommend it to a friend. Participants found asynchronous medication abortion care to be acceptable, and many provided suggestions on how to improve this service, including offering synchronous contacts with providers in case of emergency, an optional synchronous follow-up contact, and more support for and information around the medication abortion experience generally.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Asynchronous medication abortion care was a highly acceptable alternative to real-time and in-person medication abortion care and allowed participants to avoid unnecessary contact with clinical providers. Participants expressed the need for more patient education about medication abortion and optional follow-up with clinical providers.</div></div><div><h3>Implications</h3><div>Asynchronous medication abortion care can lower barriers to abortion access for patients while increasing clinic and provider capacity for in-person care. Expansion of asynchronous medication abortion care services, especially in shield law states, and adequate insurance coverage for asynchronous care services can facilitate access to timely care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10762,"journal":{"name":"Contraception","volume":"152 ","pages":"Article 111049"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144805435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation in three pregnancy attitude measures and changes from 2019–2020 to 2022–2023 in Arizona, New Jersey, and Wisconsin","authors":"Alice F. Cartwright,&nbsp;Rubina Hussain,&nbsp;Lauren Mitchell,&nbsp;Megan L. Kavanaugh","doi":"10.1016/j.contraception.2025.111182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.contraception.2025.111182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to assess variation in three measures of pregnancy and childbearing attitudes across sociodemographic characteristics and over time.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>We used Survey of Women data from Arizona, New Jersey, and Wisconsin to compare responses between single-item measures of wanting to avoid pregnancy and childbearing and the Desire to Avoid Pregnancy (DAP) scale, as well as across two time points (2019–2020 and 2022–2023).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The three measures were consistent across age and race/ethnicity categories, while the DAP scale reflected differences by financial status. There was an increase in the proportion of respondents who wanted to avoid childbearing (79% [95% CI 78%–81%] vs 82% [95% CI 81%–84%]) and in mean DAP scores (2.51 [95% CI 2.46–2.55] vs 2.62 [95% CI 2.58–2.67]) over time.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The ways in which people are asked about their pregnancy attitudes may yield different results.</div></div><div><h3>Implications</h3><div>Health professionals and researchers should consider using multiple items to measure pregnancy attitudes, understanding that variations may reflect the composition and social location of their samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10762,"journal":{"name":"Contraception","volume":"152 ","pages":"Article 111182"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144982557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}