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Review Article on the Use of Lime Mortar in Heritage Buildings 关于在文物建筑中使用石灰砂浆的评论文章
NTU Journal of Engineering and Technology Pub Date : 2023-11-21 DOI: 10.56286/ntujet.v2i3.700
Duaa M. Abed, Jasim M. abed, Zaid H. Al-Saffar
{"title":"Review Article on the Use of Lime Mortar in Heritage Buildings","authors":"Duaa M. Abed, Jasim M. abed, Zaid H. Al-Saffar","doi":"10.56286/ntujet.v2i3.700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56286/ntujet.v2i3.700","url":null,"abstract":"This review article aims to comprehensively explore the historical significance and modern applications of gypsum, lime mortar, and pozzolanic mortar in heritage buildings. The study will investigate their properties, benefits, and limitations in the context of preservation and restoration, considering the impact of traditional construction practices on the structural integrity and cultural value of heritage structures. By analyzing existing literature, this review aims to formulate a research plan to further enhance our understanding and utilization of these materials in conserving invaluable heritage buildings","PeriodicalId":107611,"journal":{"name":"NTU Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139254362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The General Properties of Solar Cells Generations -Quantum Dot as Study Case 太阳能电池世代的一般特性 - 以量子点为研究案例
NTU Journal of Engineering and Technology Pub Date : 2023-11-20 DOI: 10.56286/ntujet.v2i3.530
Iman Mohsen Ahmed, Omar Ibrahim Alsaif, Qais Th. Algwari
{"title":"The General Properties of Solar Cells Generations -Quantum Dot as Study Case","authors":"Iman Mohsen Ahmed, Omar Ibrahim Alsaif, Qais Th. Algwari","doi":"10.56286/ntujet.v2i3.530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56286/ntujet.v2i3.530","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum dot solar cells are an important class of solar cells of the third generation because of their optoelectronic characteristics suitable for photovoltaic response because of quantum confinement effect. Quantum dot structured materials are characterized by having a tunable bandgap as a result of a size change in addition to create an intermediate band. Thus, the quantum dots more thoroughly absorb the sun spectrum, and as a result, the solar cell's effectiveness is increased. Quantum dot solar cells' importance lies in increasing the efficiency through an increase in the generation of electron-hole pairs as a result of a single photon being absorbed, in other words several exciton generations. In this review, the generations of solar cells, the existing types and the materials used in each generation will be discussed, as a result of a single additionally to the qualities of quantum dot solar cells and the materials of this type.","PeriodicalId":107611,"journal":{"name":"NTU Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"135 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139259222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Shallow Model and Deep Learning Model for Features Extraction of Images 图像特征提取的浅层模型和深度学习模型
NTU Journal of Engineering and Technology Pub Date : 2023-11-20 DOI: 10.56286/ntujet.v2i3.449
Saba Qasim Hasan
{"title":"Shallow Model and Deep Learning Model for Features Extraction of Images","authors":"Saba Qasim Hasan","doi":"10.56286/ntujet.v2i3.449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56286/ntujet.v2i3.449","url":null,"abstract":"Applications trend today on artificial intelligence (AI). The latest development in the field of machine learning (ML) comes from deep learning which is expected to cause a powerful improvement in the field of artificial intelligence. Features Extraction(FE) is very important.  These properties make it possible to characterize the issue and create models that explain a system or process. A variety of image preparation techniques or data sets, Different approaches are done to obtain a feature that will be used for artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms that projects involving ML or the trendiest and most well-liked fields, including deep learning. Algorithm selection techniques are vital in academic machine-learning research. This article discusses different categorization algorithms and new efforts to increase classification accuracy.","PeriodicalId":107611,"journal":{"name":"NTU Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"174 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139256749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Robust U-Net-Based Approach for Accurate Brain Tumor Segmentation Using Multimodal MRI Data 利用多模态磁共振成像数据准确划分脑肿瘤的鲁棒 U-Net 方法
NTU Journal of Engineering and Technology Pub Date : 2023-11-20 DOI: 10.56286/ntujet.v2i3.692
Mohammad Talal Ghazal
{"title":"Robust U-Net-Based Approach for Accurate Brain Tumor Segmentation Using Multimodal MRI Data","authors":"Mohammad Talal Ghazal","doi":"10.56286/ntujet.v2i3.692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56286/ntujet.v2i3.692","url":null,"abstract":"Detecting and quantifying the extent of brain tumors poses a formidable challenge in medical centers. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has developed as a non-invasive brain cancers' primary diagnostic tool, offering the crucial advantage of avoiding ionizing radiation. Brain tumor manually segmented boundaries within 3D MRI volumes is an exceedingly time-intensive task, heavily reliant on operator expertise. Among brain tumors, gliomas stand out as the prevalent and highly malignant, significantly impacting patients' life expectancy, particularly at their highest grade. Recognizing the pressing need for a reliable, completely automatic segmentation technique to efficiently assess tumor extent, this study introduces a robust approach. A completely automated brain tumor segmentation method is proposed, leveraging U-Net-based deep convolutional networks. This approach underwent rigorous evaluation on the Multimodal Brain Tumor Image Segmentation BraTS-19 dataset a widely recognized medical image analysis dataset featuring multimodal MRI scans of brain tumors, including glioblastoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, and lower-grade glioma, coupled with corresponding manual tumor segmentations. This dataset serves as a pivotal resource for advancing automatic brain tumor segmentation techniques and assessing their performance using metrics like the Dice score, which achieved 92% for entire tumor. Cross-validation results affirm the efficiency and promise of our method in achieving accurate segmentation.","PeriodicalId":107611,"journal":{"name":"NTU Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"19 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139257438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Effects of Using Eco-friendly Materials for the Production of High Strength Mortar 使用环保材料生产高强度砂浆的效果
NTU Journal of Engineering and Technology Pub Date : 2023-11-20 DOI: 10.56286/ntujet.v2i3.612
Mohammad Faisal Khalil, E. Thanon Dawood
{"title":"The Effects of Using Eco-friendly Materials for the Production of High Strength Mortar","authors":"Mohammad Faisal Khalil, E. Thanon Dawood","doi":"10.56286/ntujet.v2i3.612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56286/ntujet.v2i3.612","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to evaluate the effect of using eco-friendly mineral admixtures, such as calcined clay (CC), silica fume (SF), and limestone (L), as partial replacements for ordinary Portland cement (OPC) in the production of high-strength mortar(HSM). The use of these materials can help reduce the environmental impact of cement production by decreasing carbon dioxide emissions and preserving natural resources. To achieve the desired strength, different mixtures were proportioned by increasing the percentage of binder and limiting the water-to-binder ratio (w/b) with the aid of superplasticizer (SP) type G. The mechanical behavior and strength of the blended cements were evaluated, and the optimal mix was determined based on the results of mechanical behavior, strength, and flowability. The results revealed that the optimal mix that gives the best mechanical behavior is the mix F32 with combination of (8% SF + 4 %L+  13% CC) with an increase about 35 % to control mix strength. The study concludes that using CC, SF, and L as partial replacements for OPC can improve the properties of modern concrete/mortar mixes, resulting in improved durability, service-life properties, and mechanical properties. The results of this study can be utilized as a base for future studies on the same concrete mix design.","PeriodicalId":107611,"journal":{"name":"NTU Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139257066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A survey: Breast Cancer Classification by Using Machine Learning Techniques 一项调查:使用机器学习技术进行乳腺癌分类
NTU Journal of Engineering and Technology Pub Date : 2023-05-09 DOI: 10.56286/ntujet.v2i1.367
Ruaa Hassan Mohammed Ameen, N. M. Basheer, A. K. Younis
{"title":"A survey: Breast Cancer Classification by Using Machine Learning Techniques","authors":"Ruaa Hassan Mohammed Ameen, N. M. Basheer, A. K. Younis","doi":"10.56286/ntujet.v2i1.367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56286/ntujet.v2i1.367","url":null,"abstract":" Breast cancer in general is a common and deadly disease. Early detection can significantly reduce the chances of death. Using automated feature extraction and classification algorithms, physicians' experience in diagnosing and detecting breast cancer can be aided. This paper focuses on various statistical and machine learning studies of mammography datasets for enhancing the accuracy of breast cancer diagnosis and classification based on various variables. The Naïve Bayes, the K-nearest neighbors (KNN), the Support Vector Machine (SVM), the Random Forest, the Logistic Regression, Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), fuzzy classifier, and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) classifiers, are the most widely used technologies in this field. In this study, we provide an overview of the existing CAD systems based on artificial intelligence classification techniques and many types of medical image modalities. Potential research initiatives to build more efficient and accurate CAD systems have been investigated.","PeriodicalId":107611,"journal":{"name":"NTU Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115758153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Utilizing Fingerphotos with Deep Learning Techniques to Recognize Individuals 利用指纹照片与深度学习技术来识别个体
NTU Journal of Engineering and Technology Pub Date : 2023-04-04 DOI: 10.56286/ntujet.v2i1.318
{"title":"Utilizing Fingerphotos with Deep Learning Techniques to Recognize Individuals","authors":"","doi":"10.56286/ntujet.v2i1.318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56286/ntujet.v2i1.318","url":null,"abstract":"Biometrics based personal verification for mobile phone devices are currently well-known. In this study, a verification approach is suggested depending on fingerphoto pictures. Couple of Deep Fingerphotos Learning (CDFL) approach is proposed, where two Deep Learning (DL) networks are involved. A fingerphoto picture of the index finger is verified using the first DL network. To recognize a fingerphoto picture of a middle finger, another DL network is used. Then, the outputs of the two networks are integrated. Fingerphoto pictures from the IIITD smartphone fingerphoto dataset are used in this work. The results yield that the accuracy of the first DL network is reported as 76.95% and the accuracy of the second DL network is reported as 86.33%. Whereas, the overall accuracy of the proposed CDFL method after integrating both DL networks is benchmarked as 96.48%.","PeriodicalId":107611,"journal":{"name":"NTU Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132966881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Survey of Streaming Protocols for Video Transmission 视频流传输协议综述
NTU Journal of Engineering and Technology Pub Date : 2023-04-02 DOI: 10.56286/ntujet.v2i1.391
Huthaifa L. Mohamed, Ahlam Fadhil Mahmood
{"title":"Survey of Streaming Protocols for Video Transmission","authors":"Huthaifa L. Mohamed, Ahlam Fadhil Mahmood","doi":"10.56286/ntujet.v2i1.391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56286/ntujet.v2i1.391","url":null,"abstract":"Human life has always relied heavily on communication. Communication through the Internet has advanced significantly in recent years, and activities such as live video streaming are now commonplace. Streaming protocols, which are always growing and maturing, are utilized to guarantee video streaming is quick and smooth. Many streaming protocols are already available, and many people find it difficult to choose one that best meets their needs. This paper presents a review of studies of several available streaming protocols, as well as their main characteristics along with their performance, based on several criteria to demonstrate the validity of choosing one of them.","PeriodicalId":107611,"journal":{"name":"NTU Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132363508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ozone and Nitrogen Dioxide Pollutants Detection System Based on IoT 基于物联网的臭氧和二氧化氮污染物检测系统
NTU Journal of Engineering and Technology Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.56286/ntujet.v2i1.317
Abeer Khalil Ibrahim, AbdulSattar M. Khidhir
{"title":"Ozone and Nitrogen Dioxide Pollutants Detection System Based on IoT","authors":"Abeer Khalil Ibrahim, AbdulSattar M. Khidhir","doi":"10.56286/ntujet.v2i1.317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56286/ntujet.v2i1.317","url":null,"abstract":"        Air pollution is one of the main causes of health problem in urban areas. Vehicles are the major sources of the air pollution in urban cities. To prevent the air pollution situation from increasing, we have developed an advanced outdoor air quality measurement system using a ESP8266 microcontroller and senores. It can be placed at crowded automobile locations to monitor pollutants emitted from vehicles. Ozone gas (O3) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was measured in this study. The system provides continuous monitoring of vehicle air pollution with a high time accuracy.","PeriodicalId":107611,"journal":{"name":"NTU Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131014880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Index Modulation OFDM Systems with Direct Pattern of Subcarrier Activation 具有直接子载波激活模式的索引调制OFDM系统
NTU Journal of Engineering and Technology Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.56286/ntujet.v2i1.212
Zainab Mohammed Abdulkareem, Abdulrahman Ikram Siddiq
{"title":"Index Modulation OFDM Systems with Direct Pattern of Subcarrier Activation","authors":"Zainab Mohammed Abdulkareem, Abdulrahman Ikram Siddiq","doi":"10.56286/ntujet.v2i1.212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56286/ntujet.v2i1.212","url":null,"abstract":"OFDM-IM is a spatial modulation technique applied to OFDM's block subcarriers, resulting in a modified version of OFDM. Compared to traditional OFDM, OFDM-IM boasts several benefits, such as enhanced bit-error rate (BER) performance and power efficiency. When working with OFDM-IM, the specification of subcarrier-activation-patterns (SAPs) is done by utilizing either look-up tables (LUTs) or a combinatorial approach to conform with data. However, the data-to-SAP mapping methods of both suffer from increased complexity as the number of subcarriers expands. The paper proposes a direct data-to-SAP mapping that eliminates the need for any type of look-up tables. Through the presented analysis and computer simulation results, it is demonstrated that the OFDM-IM system utilizing the proposed mapping scheme outperforms equivalent traditional OFDM-IM systems in both complexity and bit error rate (BER) performance.","PeriodicalId":107611,"journal":{"name":"NTU Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126095735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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