Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Investigation of Polymorphic Variations in the Alpha-Lactalbumin Gene and their Association Analysis to Milk Characteristics in River Buffalo","authors":"Sonia Sihag, Anil Kumar, Alka Jangra, Garima Sharma, Pradeep Kumar Naik, Hossam E. Rushdi, Krishan Dutta Rawat, V. Chhokar","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i444281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i444281","url":null,"abstract":"River buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is one of the most important livestock species in many poor countries because of its invaluable contributions to numerous agricultural fields. Detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in exon 1 of alpha-lactalbumin (ALA) gene was the main goal of the current study. Polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) assay and sequencing analysis were applied to identify segregated SNPs in ALA gene.  Potential SNPs in ALA gene have been identified in the present study. The homozygous genotype (AA) of the ALA gene was significantly associated with fat percentage. Moreover, the heterozygous genotype (LA) revealed significant association with protein percentage, and fat yield. The results obtained in this study emphasize the necessity of screening a broader number of buffaloes distributed in varied environments to identify genetic polymorphisms and their potential correlation with milk production traits.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139229356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Interrelationship among Economically Important Production Traits and Season of Calving on Milk Production in Jersindh Crosses","authors":"Akanksha Singh, Ram Pal Singh","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i444279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i444279","url":null,"abstract":"Study was conducted on productive traits in Jersindh crosses. The data were collected from the records of history sheets maintained in Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying, SHUATS for the period from 1924 to 1973. The productive traits selected from history sheets were first, second and third lactation milk yield and lactation length and dry period. The mean of 1/4J X3/4RS crosses for 1st ,2nd and 3rd LMY (Kg) were 2259.95, 1963.59 and 1832.74 and for lactation length (days) 378.71, 357.78 and 352 and for Dry period (days) 65.94, 98.23 and 98.26, respectively. The mean of 1/2J X 1/2RS crosses for 1st ,2nd and 3rd LMY (Kg) were 1892.14, 1680.14 and 1789.25 and for lactation length (days) 366.06, 338.75 and 359.43 for Dry period (days) 76.81,61 and 59.93 respectively. The mean of 3/8J X 5/8RS crosses for 1st ,2nd and 3rd LMY (Kg) were 1754, 1843.39 and 3682.36 and for lactation length (days) 320.1, 357.15 and 3 and for Dry period (days) 71.2, 70.7 and 72.35 respectively. The mean of 1/8J X 7/8RS crosses for 1st ,2nd and 3rd LMY (Kg) were 1966.35, 1906.51 and 1837.68 and for lactation length (days) 425.6, 371.75 and 446.4, and for Dry period (days) 71.35, 58.75 and 111.2 respectively. Significant effects of season of calving were observed on 3rd LMY of 1/2J X 1/2RS crosses as well as 3/8J X 5/8RS and 2nd LMY of1/4J X 3/4RS crosses , Second and third lactation length of 1/8 X 7/8 crosses has significant influence on lactation milk yield. Second and third lactation length of 1/4 X 3/4 crosses has significant correlation with lactation milk yield and also the regression of milk yield on lactation length was recorded. Third lactation length of 3/8 X 5/8 crosses has significant correlation with lactation milk yield and also the regression of milk yield on lactation length was recorded. Second lactation length of 1/8 X 7/8 crosses has significant correlation with lactation milk yield and also the regression of milk yield on lactation length was recorded. Out of these crosses (1/4Jx3/4RS,1/2JX1/2RS,3/8 JX5/8RS,1/8JX7/8RS) 3/8JX5/8RS has highest lactation length 652.76 and lactation milk yield is 3682.36.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"57 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139237732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) from Barbecued Beef and Chicken within Abuja and Environs","authors":"Iwu G. I., Lajide L., Madu P. C., I. A. Isah","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i444278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i444278","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in heat-treated meat constitute a global risk to human health. This study determined the concentrations of PAHs in commonly consumed barbecued meat (Suya) in Abuja, Nigeria, and evaluated the health dangers related to their intake. Methodology: Analysis was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, while health risks were estimated using models proposed by the European Commission, the European Food Safety Authority, and the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Results: The results showed different levels of 13 PAHs in meat products, with the highest concentration in barbecued beef. The mean concentrations of individual PAHs ranged from not detected (ND) to 0.220 mg/kg. The total PAH concentrations (mg/kg) in various meat samples were 1.358, 1.031, 0.969, 0.687, and 0.733 for barbecued beef, basted barbecued chicken, non-basted barbecued chicken, control beef, and chicken, respectively. Total carcinogenic PAH levels (mg/kg) were 0.357, 0.281, 0.175, 0.119, and 0.259 for barbecued beef, basted barbecued chicken, non-basted barbecued chicken, control beef, and chicken, respectively. Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and PAH4 concentrations in barbecued samples were well above the maximum levels stipulated by the European Union, suggesting health risks. But they were undetected in non-basted barbecued chicken. The total daily dietary exposure was higher for barbecued beef compared to barbecued chicken and non-basted barbecued chicken. Hazard quotients and indexes were<1 in all barbecued samples. The margin of exposure (MOE) for the indicators of PAHs in barbecued chicken and non-basted barbecued chicken was greater than 10,000, implying low concern for consumer health. However, the MOEs for (B[a]P) and PAH8 in barbecued beef were less than 10,000, implying that dietary exposure may pose a significant health risk and so require risk management actions. Conclusion: Basting of meat during barbecuing may increase PAH formation, including carcinogenic PAHs, therefore, vendors should be enlightened on control measures.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"13 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139243024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Physical Properties of Turmeric Rhizomes About to Design a Metering Mechanism for Turmeric Planting","authors":"R. Venkat, K. V. S. R. Reddy, A. A. Kumar, R. G. Babu, Ch. Someswara Rao","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i434277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i434277","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Turmeric production is facing the labour shortage during peak operations like planting and harvesting. There are different methods in turmeric planting which require different amount of manual energy. The objective of the study was to investigate the physical properties of turmeric seed rhizomes and to optimize the design parameters of Automatic turmeric planter. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in the Department of Farm machinery and power engineering, Dr NTR CAE Bapatla, Andhra Pradesh during the year 2021-22 Methodology: Turmeric seed material is not available directly in the market like other seeds or seedlings. There is some procedure is fallowed by farming community for turmeric seed rhizome preparation. To design a metering mechanism of a turmeric planter, information related to geometrical properties such as length, breadth, thickness and density are necessary. Frictional parameters are also measured to design hopper of the planter which facilitates free flow of seed rhizomes during planting operation. Results: The length of finger rhizome used as seed material in turmeric cultivation ranged from 3.7 to 5.5 cm. Average breadth and thickness of seed rhizomes are 2.1 and 1.7 cm respectively. Average weight of turmeric seed rhizome was found to be 15.5 g with an equivalent diameter of 2.45 cm. Bulk density and true density of seed rhizome was found to be 640 and 1040 kg m-3, respectively. Angle of repose was noted as 36.80°. The coefficient of static friction on mild steel sheet for different varieties found to varied between of 0.75–0.85. Conclusion: Familiarization of turmeric planting methods and seed material preparation procedures helps in proper investigation of seed rhizomes. By measuring all these physical properties, optimum values for the design of a turmeric planter which delivers the required seed rate at desired plant spacing was obtained.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"348 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139249764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Study and Determination of the Energy Performance of an Air Conditioning System Using Peltier Method","authors":"G. D. F. Adamon, Dimitri C. Babatounde Allavo, D. M. G. F. Chidikofan, M. Sylla, Thierry G. Godjo, Clotilde T. Guidi","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i434275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i434275","url":null,"abstract":"Thermal comfort is one of man's natural needs. In order to ensure this comfort while being respectful towards the environment, we proceeded to an experimental study of an air conditioning system with Peltier modules. For this purpose, we considered a test room with a base temperature of 29 °C in which we installed a Peltier effect air conditioning system to lower its temperature to 25 °C, a useful threshold to ensure thermal comfort in a tropical zone. Through the two different tests carried out, we were able to approach 25 °C by making an improvement to the cooling circuit of the Peltier effect air conditioning system. Thus, we concluded from this study that this alternative air-conditioning system would be more interesting for demanding enclosures with small and medium cold powers for thermal comfort and that further research will be useful to improve the system.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"55 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139250257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Thermal Efficiency of a Concentrated Photovoltaic/Thermal (CPV/T) Hybrid System with Water as Heat Transfer Fluid","authors":"Konfé Amadou, Korgho Bruno, Nana G. Gilbert, Bagbila Eloi, Amadou Oumarou Fati, Kam Sié","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i434276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i434276","url":null,"abstract":"Interest in solar energy is growing by the day, because it is clean and unlimited. Concentrated photovoltaic-thermal (CPV/T) systems are one of the systems that are attracting a great deal of attention among solar energy systems. In this work, a study of a hybrid concentrated photovoltaic-thermal (CPV/T) system that enables the simultaneous production of electrical and thermal energy has been presented. As the experimental realization of such devices is costly, it is necessary to develop numerical models. The aim of this work is to evaluate the thermal efficiency of the system based on the thermal model, using an iterative simulation procedure. Propose a numerical model to evaluate the thermal efficiency of a CPV/T hybrid system. Starting from the energy conservation equations, a numerical modelling and simulation of the concentrated photovoltaic-thermal hybrid (CPV/T) system is carried out. A parametric analysis is carried out to study the influence of concentration, water mass flow rate, cell surface area and Reynolds number on the system's thermal and electrical performance. The results show that thermal efficiency decreases with increasing Reynolds number and mass flow rate. However, it increases when the water mass flow rate is equal to 0.0001kg/s, from 0.4% to 0.7%, for a flow rate equal to 0.0010kg/s. An interesting and useful finding was that the proposed numerical model allow the determination of the electrical as well as thermal efficiency of the hybrid CPV/T.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139248779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indian Meat Market and Industry: Structure, Conduct and Performance Analysis","authors":"Sagar Surendra Deshmukh, Santhosh Kumar Bethi","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i434274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i434274","url":null,"abstract":"Indian Meat Industries contributes significantly in total livestock sector. Study of Meat Industry will help in formulating policy and making regulatory changes. The Structure, Conduct and Performance model is used for the study of Indian Meat Industry. The data was collected from the Prowess database of the CMIE, Mumbai. Dataset of 21 companies operating in India over the period from 2014 to 2022 was collected and the 2SLS method was applied for estimation. Result revealed that there exist strong inter-linkages amongst Market Structure, conduct of companies and their financial performance. Market share of company depends directly on assets base, selling intensity and past financial performance. Companies selling efforts vary directly with asset base, market share and financial performance significantly. Similarly, returns on assets of company vary directly with its market share, asset base and selling efforts. There exist bidirectional relationships between market structure of the companies and their financial performance. The same can be said in respect of conduct-performance relationships.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139251091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Tissue Culture for Propagation of Banana Variety Grand Naine (Musa acuminata)","authors":"Avinash Kumar Singh, Aarti Sharma, Chhavi, Akanksha Singh","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i434273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i434273","url":null,"abstract":"The present experiment was conducted in sword suckers of the Grand Naine variety of bananas to estimate a perfect blend of different growth hormones used to initiate explants' proliferation and shoot growth in the micropropagation of bananas. In the experiment, we concluded that the explants survival rate increased when they were treated with 0.1 and 0.2 percent of HgCl2 for a period of 8 and 6 minutes respectively. Six different compositions of growth media or treatments were used to initiate the proliferation of explants and further shoot growth. Among the six treatments, MS +6 mg/l BAP + 1 mg/l NAA (T5) gave excellent results, comparatively. For rooting all the explants were treated with the same media composition of IAA at a concentration of 0.1mg/l and activated charcoal, which proved an adequate blend for root imitation. Primary and Secondary hardening processes are carried out in greenhouse using soil-rite as growth media and in the shade house by using press mud and sand in a 1:1 ratio as growth media. Plantlets were established in the field following the second hardening.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"212 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139251244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of Stress Strength Reliability P [Y < X < Z] of Lomax Distribution under Different Sampling Scheme","authors":"Neethu Jacob, Anjana E. J.","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i424271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i424271","url":null,"abstract":"Lomax distribution can be considered as the mixture of exponential and gamma distribution. This distribution is an advantageous lifetime distribution in reliability analysis. The applicability of Lomax distribution is not restricted only to the reliability field, but it has broad applications in Economics, actuarial modelling, queuing problems,biological sciences, etc. Initially, Lomax distribution was proposed by Lomax in 1954, and it is also known as Pareto Type II distribution. Many statistical methods have been developed for this distribution; for a review of Lomax Distribution, see [1] and the references. The stress strength model plays an important role in reliability analysis. The term stress strength was first introduced by [2]. In the context of reliability, R is defined as the probability that the unit strength is greater than stress, that is, R = P (X > Y ), where X is the random strength of the unit, and Y is the instant stress applied to it. Thus, estimation of R is very important in Reliability Analysis.The estimates of R discussed in the context of Lomax distribution are limited to the study of a single stress strength model with upper stress. But in real life, there are situations where we have to consider not only the upper stress Neethu and Anjana; Curr. J. Appl. Sci. Technol., vol. 42, no. 42, pp. 36-66, 2023; Article no.CJAST.107238 but also the lower stress. Accordingly, in the present paper, the estimation of stress strength model R = P (Y < X < Z) represents the situation where the strength X should be greater than stress Y and smaller than stress Z for Lomax distribution, Shrinkage maximum likelihood estimate and Quasi likelihood estimate are obtained both under complete and right censored data. We have considered the asymptotic confidence interval (CI) based on MLE and bootstrap CI for R. Monte Carlo simulation experiments were performed to compare the performance of estimates obtained.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139268591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Sustainable Composite Material Based on Rice Husk and Polystyrene","authors":"V. Doko, Edem Chabi, Paul Damien Amadji, Hamed Tidjani Tabe Gbian, Bilali Binjo, Emmanuel Olodo","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i424272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i424272","url":null,"abstract":"The combination of rice husk and expanded polystyrene for the fabrication of sustainable composites is a direction that is not well-explored in scientific literature. In this context, this research focuses on the feasibility and physical properties of composites developed from these materials. The methodology encompasses a mechanical grinding process of rice husks, dissolution of polystyrene in an organic solvent to form a binder, and the fabrication of composites through cold compaction. The fabricated composites were analyzed for their physical properties, particularly density, mass loss after compaction and air storage, and their swelling upon immersion. Fine-grained composites record a higher mass loss (13.17% for MF1 and 12.48% for MF2) compared to coarse-grained ones (8.43% for MG1 and 7.34% for MG2). This difference is attributed to a larger specific surface area of the fine particles, facilitating the evaporation of volatile compounds. Swelling after immersion is also influenced by granularity, with a maximum swelling of 15.53% for MG2 versus only 0.72% for MF2. These observations highlight the key role of the rice husk particle size and binder dosage in determining the properties of the composites. This work highlights the potential of these composites as both an ecological and practical solution for waste valorization while paving the way for future investigations, notably regarding their mechanical properties.","PeriodicalId":10730,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139267424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}