Corrosion最新文献

{"title":"Laser Surface Melting to Mitigate Intergranular Corrosion of Sensitized AA 5083","authors":"Md Sojib Hossain, J. Skelton, William Moffat, James Fitz-Gerald","doi":"10.5006/4438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5006/4438","url":null,"abstract":"AA5083 is a solution-strengthened, supersaturated Al-Mg alloy. It has become widely used in corrosive and harsh environments, such as marine settings, due to its exceptional corrosion resistance and impressive strength-to-weight ratio. However, when exposed to moderately elevated temperatures, the alloy undergoes a process called sensitization, resulting in the precipitation of the β-phase. This intermetallic precipitate is rich in magnesium and has anodic properties, creating a micro-galvanic couple with the more noble aluminum (Al) matrix. Consequently, the sensitized alloy experiences intergranular corrosion due to the anodic dissolution of the grain boundary in a corrosive environment. Various techniques for dissolving intermetallic particles (IMPs) into the matrix have been reported in the literature, but they are often impractical for service components, and traditional solutionizing treatments tend to decrease mechanical properties. This study aimed to investigate the impact of pulsed excimer laser irradiation, as a novel approach, on the surface morphology, chemical composition, and electrochemical behavior of highly sensitized AA5083 samples. To achieve this, various analytical techniques were employed, including profilometry, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and localized potentiostat scans. The results of this investigation showed that laser surface melting (LSM) led to a reduction in the open circuit potential (OCP) and cathodic current density in a 0.6 M NaCl aqueous solution, mainly due to increased surface homogenization. Furthermore, multiple grazing incident X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) scans were performed to identify the changes in the metallurgical and crystallographic parameters in the near-surface region. Anodic polarization scans of the LSM surface galvanically coupled with a more cathodic base metal exhibited a lower corrosion current density than the theoretical value suggested by mixed potential theory. The improved performance could potentially be attributed to the surface homogenization and formation of a robust passive layer on the LSM surface.","PeriodicalId":10717,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139207461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrosion behavior of DH36 steel in the presence of acid-producing bacterium Citrobacter farmeri","authors":"Yangmei Chen, Xiaoyan He, Hailong Zhang, Gang Chen, Xiuqin Bai","doi":"10.5006/4430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5006/4430","url":null,"abstract":"The work aims to provide a basis knowledge of corrosion behavior and corrosion kinetics of ocean engineering steel DH36 induced by Citrobacter farmeri. This study analyzed the corrosion product composition, corrosion morphology, electrochemical information, weight loss of DH36 in various corrosion systems. The results indicated that with the extension of soaking time, the corrosion products soaked in Citrobacter farmeri suspension were denser than those soaked in artificial seawater. At the initial immersion stage led to a higher uniform corrosion rate of DH36 in Citrobacter farmeri suspension compared to that in artificial seawater, which subsequently decreased over time. DH36 experienced primarily uniform corrosion when immersed in artificial seawater. In contrast, DH36 samples in Citrobacter farmeri suspension exhibited significant crevice corrosion, resulting in a maximum pit depth of 5.720 μm. Furthermore, the weight loss of DH36 in artificial seawater and Citrobacter farmeri suspension could be described by the power function formula D=0.0006t0.9579 and D=0.0007t0.7247, respectively. This study elucidates the fundamental mechanisms through which the presence of Citrobacter farmeri induces general and pitting corrosion of DH36 in a marine environment.","PeriodicalId":10717,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139204770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Galvanic corrosion of strands in re-grouted, post-tensioned concrete bridges","authors":"Karthikeyan Manickam, R. Pillai","doi":"10.5006/4461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5006/4461","url":null,"abstract":"Grouted, post-tensioned (PTd) concrete systems are widely used to construct bridges, typically with an anticipated corrosion-free service life of 100+ years. However, the usage of inadequate grout materials and grouting practices in PTd concrete systems have caused unwanted air voids in ducts, leading to strand-grout-air (SGA) interface, carbonation of exposed grout layer and localized corrosion of strands (say, within about 10 to 20 years). Re-grouting of voids as a tendon repair strategy has led to accelerated galvanic corrosion of the portion of strands at the interface between the carbonated base grout and repair grout with different chemistry, raising concerns and reluctance in re-grouting of voids in tendons. This work focused on understanding and quantifying the galvanic corrosion at the interface of carbonated base grout and repair grout in a re-grouted tendon. The theoretical analysis based on mixed potential theory estimated a galvanic current density of ≈ 2 μA/cm2 and showed that the galvanic coupling can increase the corrosion current density of the prestressing steel in the base grout by about two-fold. The study on prestressed steel in simulated solutions estimated a galvanic current density of ≈ 20 μA/cm2. Then, the study on prestressing steel in grouts and the analytical simulation estimated galvanic current densities around 1.5 to 2 μA/cm2 at 95% external relative humidity and 25 °C. A model relating the galvanic current density in grouted systems as a function of external relative humidity was developed, which showed an exponential increase in the galvanic corrosion with an increase in external relative humidity. Also, a case study showed that if the tendon anchorage region experiences 95% external relative humidity for about 20 years, sufficient strand corrosion could happen, and structural behavior can change from ductile to brittle nature, which could be a serious concern for structures in the coastal zone.","PeriodicalId":10717,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139205448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-treatment of Carbon Steel with Hybrid Film Modified with Different Natural Inhibitors (Garlic and Cocoa)","authors":"Sérgio Leonardo Butski Soares Santos, B. P. da Silva, Fernanda Gabriel de Freitas, Idalina Vieira Aoki, Vera Rosa Capelossi","doi":"10.5006/4324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5006/4324","url":null,"abstract":"One way to protect carbon steel from corrosion is through pre-treatment and corrosion inhibitors, such as the use of silane layers that can protect against corrosion. In this study, the corrosion resistance of the TEOS/GPTMS (Tetraethyl orthosilicate / 3-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane) hybrid film modified with garlic peel powder or cocoa shell powder on carbon steel was evaluated. By electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) it was observed that the incorporation of inhibitors promoted higher values of impedance modulus compared to the bare metal substrate or in absence of inhibitor, and the concentration of 1.77 g L−1 provided the best performance for both natural inhibitors. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that the addition of inhibitors to the hybrid film promoted a better hydrolysis in the formation of the films. By the Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) it was noted that there was the formation of the hybrid film on the metal surface, and the insertion of the inhibitor to the silane film enabled the formation of grains that precipitate from the deposition of the inhibitor on the substrate surface. The Scanning Vibrating Electrode Technique (SVET) shows that the inhibitors improved corrosion resistance of the hybrid film, corroborating with the EIS analysis. The contact angle shows that the presence of the inhibitor in the silane film makes it less hydrophilic. The roughness profile shows that the hybrid film with cocoa has the highest roughness represented by a higher average value of Average Roughness (Rz).","PeriodicalId":10717,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139257539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Oil/Water Intermittent Wetting on CO2 Corrosion in the Presence of Acridine and Myristic Acid","authors":"Neda Norooziasl, David Young, Bruce Brown, Marc Singer","doi":"10.5006/4434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5006/4434","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of a paraffinic model oil (LVT-200) containing select surface-active compounds (myristic acid and acridine) on CO2 corrosion with and without intermittent wetting has been studied. Observations have shown that the presence of myristic acid in the oil phase has no effect on corrosion behavior due to its lack of partitioning in the water phase. However, after direct contact between the oil phase containing myristic acid and the metal surface, there was a significant decrease in the corrosion rate. This phenomenon gradually diminished at pH 4.0 but was more persistent at pH 6.5. The presence of acridine in the oil phase was shown to have a strong inhibitive effect at pH 4.0, even during the partitioning step. The partitioning of acridine from the oil phase to the water phase at pH 4.0 was confirmed by Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) results. However, there was no inhibitive effect conferred by the presence of acridine on the corrosion rate at pH 6.5. An experimental methodology was developed that facilitated improved simulation of the effect of intermittent oil/water wetting on CO2 corrosion. The electrochemical current response during the oil/water intermittent wetting cycles showed that persistency of model oil (without surface active compounds) on the mild steel surface is only a matter of seconds. Corrosion rate measurements showed that the presence of myristic acid renders the oil layer more persistent after intermittent wetting as compared to one-time direct contact.","PeriodicalId":10717,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139257568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EDITORIAL: 2023 in Review","authors":"","doi":"10.5006/4487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5006/4487","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10717,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139269405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lithium Carbonate and Oxalate Salts as Corrosion Inhibitors for Magnesium Alloy AZ31 B in NaCl Solution","authors":"J. S. J. Tizzile, J. Jyothymol, Arunchandran Chenan","doi":"10.5006/4418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5006/4418","url":null,"abstract":"The corrosion inhibition effectiveness of dissolved Li2CO3 and Li2C2O4 was studied for Mg alloy AZ31 B in 0.1 M NaCl solution. The electrochemical and corrosion inhibition properties of Li salts were studied using potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), linear polarization resistance (LPR), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and H2 evolution measurement methods. The corrosion inhibition efficiency as a function of immersion time was also investigated. The morphology and chemical composition of AZ31 B surfaces after 24 h immersion in 0.1 M NaCl with and without the addition of dissolved Li salts revealed considerable differences in corrosion properties. The role of Li+ ions, CO32- ions, and C2O42- on corrosion inhibition of AZ31 B was focused and their role in the corrosion inhibition was discussed. Li2CO3 had better corrosion inhibition efficiency compared to Li2C2O4 in 0.1 M NaCl solution at ambient temperature. The optimum concentration of Li2CO3 was 50 mM to provide the highest corrosion inhibition efficiency of 96.75 %, while the optimum concentration and inhibition efficiency for Li2C2O4 were 3 mM and 82.84 % respectively. Surface characterization of the Li2CO3 inhibited AZ31 B revealed that the enhanced corrosion protection was due to the formation of a protective layer mainly composed of MgCO3. Corrosion studies over time showed that Li2CO3 could effectively provide corrosion protection for 48 h, while Li2C2O4 became ineffective after 12 h of immersion in 0.1 M NaCl.","PeriodicalId":10717,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139269651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of matrix and dendrite boundary composition on stress corrosion cracking performance of Alloy 52M buttering layer in simulated PWR primary water","authors":"Jiarong Ma, Qi Xiong, Xinhe Xu, Tongmin Cui, Zhanpeng Lu, Tetsuo Shoji","doi":"10.5006/4392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5006/4392","url":null,"abstract":"The oxidation and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behaviors of Alloy 52M buttering (52Mb) layer were studied in simulated pressurized water reactor (PWR) primary water after microstructure characterization. The 52Mb layer was first post-weld heat treatment (1st-PWHT) and follow-up PWHT (FU-PWHT). Two dilution zones (DZs) were found in both the 1st-PWHT and FU-PWHT 52Mb samples. FU-PWHT decreased the Cr content in the first dilution zone, enhancing the oxidation rate and accelerating the formation of the local oxidation penetration zone at the oxide/substrate interface. Lower Cr content and high Fe content in the dilution zone were detrimental to the SCC resistance of the 52Mb in PWR primary water.","PeriodicalId":10717,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139268877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Nickel in Low Alloy Steels exposed to H2S-containing environments. Part II: Effect of the Electrochemical Potential and Stress Level on Trench Formation","authors":"Dannisa R. Chalfoun, Mariano A. Kappes, Teresa E. Perez, José L. Otegui, Mariano Iannuzzi","doi":"10.5006/4437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5006/4437","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In the first part of this paper, trenches were reported for Ni-containing steels tested using the slow strain rate test method in H2S-containing environments at the open circuit potential. Trenches are deep elongated pits, and their appearance is more alike to small blunt cracks. These features can develop a sharp sulfide stress crack at their bottom under certain conditions, which are still not fully understood. In this second and final part, the effect of the electrochemical potential and the stress level in trench nucleation and growth was investigated for the same set of Ni-containing steels with up to 5 wt.% Ni. The anodic nature of the trench formation mechanism was verified, and under an anodic polarization a critical stress value for trench formation, σtrench, was estimated from slow strain rate tests and finite element modeling. Applying a cathodic potential suppressed trench formation, but not cracking, because cracks nucleated and propagated by hydrogen stress cracking (HSC). The resulting environmental and stress-level dependencies for Ni steels confirmed that trenches could be considered a form of environmental-assisted cracking. It is concluded that the main role of trenches is to provide favorable spots for hydrogen stress crack nucleation at OCP, but their presence is neither necessary nor sufficient for cracking occurrence.","PeriodicalId":10717,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135476032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New insights into internal oxidation of alloy 690 and model alloys in hydrogenated steam","authors":"Ali Riahi, Hao Zhu, Ali Eskandari, Suraj Y. Persaud, Roger C. Newman","doi":"10.5006/4439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5006/4439","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The oxidation behavior of Alloy 690 and Ni-xCr-10Fe model alloys exposed to 480 °C hydrogenated steam, in the nickel metal stability region, was studied using a variety of techniques, including time-resolved Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), and Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (EELS). The alloy underwent internal oxidation intragranularly, resulting in the expulsion of metallic Ni nodules to the surface. A compact Cr-rich “healing” layer developed over time at the intragranular internal oxidation front near grain boundaries and significantly retards further internal oxidation. Protective external Cr-rich oxide formed at and very near the grain boundaries, hindering intergranular oxidation. In view of the fact that the protective oxide forms micrometres away from the grain boundaries, one cannot simply say that Cr diffuses up the boundary and forms an oxide which spreads laterally – internal stress relief must play a role, just as it does within the grains, only with different mechanisms at play.","PeriodicalId":10717,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136022945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}