COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease最新文献

{"title":"Response to \"Pulmonary Hypertension as a Determinant of In-Hospital Mortality in COPD: Insights and Methodological Considerations\".","authors":"Trishna Parikh, Saad Afzal Khan, Adishwar Rao, Bela Patel, Bindu Akkanti","doi":"10.1080/15412555.2026.2631253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15412555.2026.2631253","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10704,"journal":{"name":"COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","volume":"23 1","pages":"2631253"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147282632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-hospital Mortality Patterns and Readmissions in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: An Analysis of the Role of Pulmonary Hypertension.","authors":"Saad Afzal Khan, Trishna Parikh, Adishwar Rao, Akriti Agrawal, Aarohi Parikh, Farah Kazzaz, Sarah Shin, Harry Karmouty-Quintana, Maulin Patel, Kha Dinh, Bela Patel, Bindu Akkanti","doi":"10.1080/15412555.2025.2582902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15412555.2025.2582902","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may be complicated by pulmonary hypertension (PH). We aimed to understand the impact of PH on in-hospital mortality and quantify the 30-day readmission rate among patients with COPD. For this cross-sectional study, we used the Nationwide Readmissions Database from 2017-2020 to identify adults ≥18 years with COPD. Patients were stratified according to PH diagnosis. Baseline characteristics between groups were compared using the Pearson chi-square test and two-sample t-test. Predictors of in-hospital mortality were determined using multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for demographics and confounders. The 30-day readmission rate and prevalence of PH subgroups by baseline COPD status were also obtained. There were 766,561 (7.43%) patients with concomitant PH and COPD among 10,312,543 patients with COPD. Patients with PH and COPD were older, female, and more often had a length of stay ≥7 days (all p < 0.001). Patients with PH suffered more from in-hospital mortality than those without PH (5.84% versus 3.94%, p < 0.001). PH predicted in-hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.22 [1.21-1.24], p < 0.001). COVID-19 (aOR: 6.20 [6.11-6.30]), metastatic cancer (aOR: 3.28 [3.23-3.32]), and moderate/severe liver disease (aOR: 3.09 [3.04-3.15]) were the strongest positive predictors of in-hospital mortality (all p < 0.001) in all patients with COPD. The 30-day readmission rate for the entire cohort was approximately 16%. Most patients had PH coded as unspecified/other.PH was associated with increased in-hospital mortality among patients with COPD, highlighting a high-risk group for targeted interventions to reduce morbidity and mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":10704,"journal":{"name":"COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","volume":"23 1","pages":"2582902"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145932362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smartphone-Enabled Cough Detection in Severely Exacerbated COPD: An Exploratory Pilot Study.","authors":"Maximilian Boesch, Julia Herrmann, Florent Baty, David Cleres, Jonathan Leathers, Elgar Fleisch, Martin H Brutsche, Filipe Barata, Frank Rassouli","doi":"10.1080/15412555.2026.2614152","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15412555.2026.2614152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) shows rising incidence worldwide. Progressive decline in lung function is characteristic for the disease and results in various signature COPD symptoms. A significant part of COPD-associated morbidity and mortality is due to acute exacerbations, which often require hospital usage, thus disproportionately impacting healthcare expenses. Novel digital health technologies allowing remote patient monitoring are desirable to improve COPD management by tailoring treatment- and follow-up strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We here tested the feasibility and biomarker potential of smartphone-enabled cough monitoring during and after AECOPD in hospitalized patients. The study was designed as a single-center, prospective, longitudinal, observational cohort study and enrolled 23 subjects. A contact-free, near real-time, smartphone-enabled cough detection system was used for automated cough detection and quantification based on audio recordings. Cough counts were correlated to various clinical and biochemical markers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cough levels were highest at study enrollment (approx. 15 coughs per hour) and gradually declined over time toward recovery (to below 5 coughs per hour) (incidence rate ratio (IRR): 0.97 [0.95-0.98], <i>p</i> < 0.001). There was a high degree of intra- and inter-patient variation of cough frequency and evolution. In addition, cough counts underlay significant diurnal regulation, with higher counts during daytime. Cough counts were inversely associated with oxygen saturation (IRR: 0.9 [0.87-0.95], <i>p</i> < 0.001) and correlated positively with body temperature (IRR: 2.00 [1.47-2.73], <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Automated, contact-free, smartphone-enabled cough detection was feasible in COPD patients hospitalized for AECOPD. Cough counts declined over time and were associated with relevant clinical and biochemical markers. Our approach enables telemonitoring of AECOPD in near real-time and warrants further development to possibly establish cough count as an early digital biomarker for emerging AECOPD, allowing swift intervention and associated cost reductions.</p>","PeriodicalId":10704,"journal":{"name":"COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","volume":"23 1","pages":"2614152"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146008730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prescribing Patterns of Gabapentinoids in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder.","authors":"Mollie Vergara, Mate Michael Soric, Olivia King, Reece Bullock, Brandon Skory, Kelly Bole, Anika Englehart, Nita Mara, Amgad Moqbl, Manysha Patel, Alexandra Dimit","doi":"10.1080/15412555.2025.2596683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15412555.2025.2596683","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 2019, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a warning regarding the risk of serious respiratory depression in patients using gabapentin or pregabalin who have respiratory risk factors, including those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD). With the overall prescribing of gabapentinoids continuing to grow, there is the potential for inappropriate prescribing in this patient population. Data from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) from 2013 to 2018, with the exception of 2017, was used to assess prevalence and predictors of gabapentinoid prescribing in patients with COPD. The data consists of 1,131 unweighted visits, representing approximately 53.6 million ambulatory care visits nationally. Of these visits, 146 patients (10.8%) with a COPD diagnosis were also prescribed a gabapentinoid, which represents more than a million office visits annually when weighted. Patients with an increased risk of receiving gabapentinoids were those with concomitant diabetes mellitus, concurrent opioid use, and those currently using tobacco. Due to increased risk of serious respiratory depression caused by gabapentinoids, prescribers should take caution when prescribing to individuals with COPD and other respiratory risk factors. Based on the reviewed prescribing patterns, more education is needed to inform providers about the risks associated with concomitant COPD and gabapentinoid use.</p>","PeriodicalId":10704,"journal":{"name":"COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","volume":"23 1","pages":"2596683"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145932432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Anion Inhalation in a Mouse Model of Cigarette Smoke-Induced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.","authors":"Yuanyuan Li, Jianing Lu, Yuqin Chen, Zhixiong Li, Zili Zhang, Haichun Zheng, Yuhan Jiang, Qinghui Huang, Wenju Lu","doi":"10.1080/15412555.2025.2603725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15412555.2025.2603725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oxidative/anti-oxidative stress unbalance is one of the mechanisms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Anion has been shown to be effective to eliminate reactive oxygen species, yet it is unknown if inhalation of anion (IA) can be beneficial for COPD intervention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>COPD model mice were established by cigarette smoke (CS) exposure in combination with tracheal instillation of LPS, and treated with various dosages of IA for 120 days. Pulmonary function, inflammatory mediators, anti-oxidatives and collagen deposition level were measured to evaluate the therapeutic effects of IA in COPD model mice. The pathological morphology and structure of lung, liver, renal, spleen, heart, and brain were analyzed to assess the safety of IA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IA improved COPD mice pulmonary function, reversed the decrease in SOD in blood serum and lung tissue, and increased the anti-oxidative stress protein NQO1 expression. IA could also decrease the collagen deposition and Smad2/3 phosphorylation in COPD mice lung. Additionally, IA did not affect the pathological structure and the index of major body organs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This preclinical study demonstrated that IA is beneficial for COPD treatment, likely by increasing the anti-oxidative capacity and inhibiting Smad2/3 activation in lung tissue.</p>","PeriodicalId":10704,"journal":{"name":"COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","volume":"23 1","pages":"2603725"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146131373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Rehabilitation on Readmission Rates in Older Patients with COPD with Disability After Hospital Discharge.","authors":"Chigusa Shirakawa, Akihiro Shiroshita, Chisato Miyakoshi, Kazuaki Uda, Kazuma Nagata, Ryo Tachikawa, Keisuke Tomii, Yuki Kataoka","doi":"10.1080/15412555.2025.2593282","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15412555.2025.2593282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to evaluate the impact of rehabilitation on readmission rates among older patients requiring nursing care following with COPD following hospitalization for lower respiratory tract infection, focusing on whether initiating rehabilitation within two months post-discharge reduces readmissions. We conducted a retrospective observational study using insurance claim data in Kobe City, Japan, with a population of approximately 1.5 million. We included Patients with COPD aged 65 or older with certified care-need levels under Long-term Care Insurance system in Japan, hospitalized for lower respiratory tract infections and survived alive. Patients were classified based on their functional capacity in Activities of Daily Living (ADL). We used the extended Cox model to consider rehabilitation as time-varying exposure and assess the hazard ratios for readmission, adjusting for ADL. The ADL level was adjusted as a confounder. The survival probabilities were estimated among patients who experienced rehabilitation within two months and those who did not experience rehabilitation. Among 745 patients, 479 received rehabilitation within two months post-discharge, 105 received it later, and 161 did not receive rehabilitation. Participation in rehabilitation was associated with an increased hazard ratio for readmission (HR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.19, 2.24), compared to those without it. The estimated survival curve of patients receiving rehabilitation within two months overlapped with that of those who did not receive rehabilitation. Rehabilitation following exacerbation in older patients with COPD who have disability may increase the risk of readmission after discharge. Healthcare providers should consider that patients with COPD with severe disability and complex needs may require staged, individualized rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10704,"journal":{"name":"COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","volume":"23 1","pages":"2593282"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145932228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: Reconsidering Post-Discharge Rehabilitation in Frail Older Adults with COPD.","authors":"Paras Saini, Anchal Thakur, Sandeep Pattnaik","doi":"10.1080/15412555.2026.2618984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15412555.2026.2618984","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10704,"journal":{"name":"COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","volume":"23 1","pages":"2618984"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146212365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Comorbid Interstitial Lung Abnormalities on Acute Exacerbations of COPD: A Hospital-Based Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Yang Li, Cong Zhou, Wangsheng Yu, Mei Yang, Jian Luo, Xin Chen, Xuemei Liu, Bing Mao, Hongli Jiang, Wei Liu","doi":"10.1080/15412555.2026.2615290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15412555.2026.2615290","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the influence of comorbid interstitial lung abnormalities (ILA), lung fibrosis (LF), and interstitial lung disease (ILD) on clinical characteristics and in-hospital outcomes in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective cohort study, AECOPD patients were stratified by ILA, LF, or ILD status. Multivariable regression analyzed associations with outcomes, including in-hospital mortality, ICU admission, ventilation use, 30-day readmission, and length of stay (LOS). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses assessed robustness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 11,457 AECOPD patients, 33.1% had ILA, 25.9% had LF, and 5.0% had ILD. After multivariable adjustment for potential confounders, the presence of ILA, LF, or ILD was not independently associated with in-hospital mortality (ILA: aOR 0.93, 95% CI 0.75-1.14; LF: aOR 0.87, 95% CI 0.70-1.10; ILD: aOR 1.04, 95% CI 0.70-1.53). All conditions significantly increased ICU admission and noninvasive ventilation use but reduced invasive ventilation use.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While not independent mortality predictors, ILA/LF/ILD signify greater disease severity and resource utilization during AECOPD, evidenced by higher ICU needs yet paradoxically lower invasive ventilation, a pattern that might be attributed to distinct pathophysiology and clinical management goals in this complex subgroup. This underscores clinical heterogeneity and necessitates tailored management and goals-of-care discussions for this high-risk subgroup.</p>","PeriodicalId":10704,"journal":{"name":"COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","volume":"23 1","pages":"2615290"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146212377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ferroptosis-Related Signature Genes and Immune Landscape in Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.","authors":"Zhang Yuping, Li Xiangmei, Wang Ruiyang, Zhang Wenbo, Wang Huaqi","doi":"10.1080/15412555.2025.2602632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15412555.2025.2602632","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) is characterized by heightened inflammation and immune dysregulation, yet its underlying molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to identify ferroptosis-associated signature genes in AECOPD and to elucidate their immunological implications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes(DEGs) were screened from the GSE112165 dataset (GEO, Gene Expression Omnibus database). Key feature genes were identified using an integrated machine learning and network analysis strategy. External validation was conducted using the GSE22148 dataset, six bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples, and 40 clinical sputum samples. Functional enrichment analysis was performed to delineate relevant biological pathways. Immune and stromal cell infiltration differences were quantified using computational deconvolution frameworks, and their correlations with candidate genes were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two ferroptosis-related signature genes-SCD(Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase) and FABP4(Fatty Acid Binding Protein 4)-were identified as potential diagnostic markers. Their diagnostic performance was further validated in independent datasets. Among them, FABP4 showed significant downregulation in AECOPD, which was consistently confirmed across BALF and sputum samples. Immune infiltration analysis revealed a strong association between FABP4 expression and neutrophil infiltration. Notably, conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) were significantly reduced in AECOPD patients, suggesting a possible link between ferroptosis and impaired antigen presentation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>(1) This study is the first to comprehensively demonstrate that decreased FABP4 expression may enhance ferroptosis susceptibility by disrupting lipid metabolism, thereby modulating immune cell recruitment and function in AECOPD.(2) The marked reduction of cDCs suggests that ferroptosis may contribute to dysregulated antigen presentation in AECOPD. Taken together, these findings offer novel mechanistic insights into the interplay between ferroptosis and immune dysfunction in AECOPD and provide a theoretical foundation for the development of targeted diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10704,"journal":{"name":"COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","volume":"23 1","pages":"2602632"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146200416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consistency Between Oscillometry and Spirometry in Patients with Suspected or Confirmed COPD or Asthma: Results from a Multi-Center Study in China.","authors":"Hongtao Niu, Xiajun Rong, Min Zhang, Fei Deng, Liang Zhang, Yong Li, Yi Gao, Tim Harrison, Samuel Bardsley, Yuanlin Song, Kewu Huang, Ting Yang, Chen Wang","doi":"10.1080/15412555.2026.2617284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15412555.2026.2617284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spirometry is the standard for assessing airflow obstruction but can be challenging and/or time-consuming for patients. Oscillometry offers an effort-independent alternative. This study assessed the consistency between oscillometry and spirometry in Chinese patients with suspected or confirmed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma. This prospective study enrolled patients from 46 Chinese hospitals. All underwent oscillometry with the Ambulatory Lung Diagnosis System followed by spirometry, both before and after salbutamol. The primary outcome was prebronchodilator (pre-BD) test consistency (normal vs. abnormal), evaluated using Cohen's Kappa. Secondary outcomes included the number of attempts to complete each test, post-BD consistency in the COPD group, and BD test consistency overall. From February 8 and August 30, 2024, 801 patients were enrolled; 788 completed both tests and were analyzed (COPD: 197 suspected, 194 confirmed; asthma: 200 suspected, 197 confirmed). Pre-BD results showed moderate test consistency (kappa = 0.4188, 95% CI: 0.3556-0.4820; overall agreement = 70.9%). Overall BD test had only fair agreement (kappa = 0.2722, 95% CI: 0.1870-0.3575; overall agreement = 80.3%) between tests. Post-BD results in the COPD group showed moderate consistency between tests (kappa = 0.4662, 95% CI: 0.3803-0.5521; overall agreement = 73.6%), with a high positive predictive value (87.4%) of abnormal oscillometry for spirometrydefined COPD. For satisfactory results, oscillometry required significantly fewer attempts than spirometry (mean: 8.5 vs. 11.0, <i>p</i> < 0.0001). While oscillometry showed only moderate consistency with spirometry, its high positive predictive value suggests potential as a rule-in test for COPD diagnosis when spirometry is not feasible. An alternative oscillometry-based diagnostic pathway may help improve COPD diagnosis under such circumstances.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06172777).</p>","PeriodicalId":10704,"journal":{"name":"COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","volume":"23 1","pages":"2617284"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147484649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}