International Journal of Applied Linguistics and Translation最新文献

{"title":"Towards Some Aspects of Linguistics of Poetic Translation","authors":"I. Merabishvili","doi":"10.11648/J.IJALT.20210704.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJALT.20210704.11","url":null,"abstract":"The present article aims to offer a short report of my continued studies and findings in the field of Linguistics of Translation and the methodology of analysis it may suggest. The studies stem on the one hand from semantics, namely the establishment of a semantic triangle (nomination, concept, referent) suggested by C. K. Ogden and J. A. Richards and previously by splitting the meaning of a word into semas, that successfully developed into componential analysis, and on the other hand from textlinguistics, namely the differentiation of three levels of informative capacity of content (factual, conceptual, subtextual) by I. R. Galperin in his monograph “Text as an Object of Linguistic Research”. It is worth noting that all these approaches have been developed through revolutionary changes in linguistic studies. Concerning the famous semantic triangle I put a question: how does a referent as an extralinguistic phenomenon participate in the formation of the meaning of a word, when we are aware of the fact that any word of a language as a system is a reflection of extralinguistic reality that is implied in its meaning, but in active speech, be it oral or written, with its nomination and concept refers to a concrete object of reality? The paper argues that extralinguistic reality is reflected in the form of a sensuous imprint, but developed into a sensuous image that could be regarded as a Linguistic Image. A linguistic image is enclosed in every word, but is called forth when figurativeness of the word is created. The acknowledgment of a linguistic image in a word permits to present the meaning of a word as a correlation of three main components: the sound form of a word as its nomination, the conceptual image as the significatum and the sensuous image as a linguistic image. The above presented study of the meaning of a word with a linguistic image as one of its components leads to trace the presence of Image Bearing Information in artistic texts alongside with Factual, Conceptual and Subtextual levels of information. The results of studies offered in the article imply first of all the development of the above mentioned trends of linguistics and at the same time an attempt to apply the findings to the phenomenon of translation.","PeriodicalId":106963,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics and Translation","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127384543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Think-Aloud Study of Function-to-Form Mapping in Modal Use: Based on the Concept-Oriented Approach","authors":"Lai Peng","doi":"10.11648/J.IJALT.20210703.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJALT.20210703.12","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the complexity of Chinese modal system in terms of function-form relation, misuse of Chinese modal verbs is quite common among learners of Chinese from other countries. Based on the concept-oriented approach, this paper aims to investigate how learners of Chinese as a foreign language choose modal forms to express the concept of modality in terms of function-to-form mapping, so as to shed light on the teaching of modal use. Modal forms investigated in this study are five Chinese modal verbs whose functions are categorized into three conceptual domains: the Speech Act Domain, the Event Domain and the Epistemic Domain. Six learners of Chinese from Poland were recruited to participate in a modal test which comprised of 24 pairs of modal sentences in English and Chinese. They were asked to think aloud while they chose Chinese modal verbs to match the functions expressed by the English modal verbs. Based on the think-aloud data, it is found that in all the three conceptual domains participants have perceived ambiguities between modal verbs which express similar functions, especially in the Epistemic Domain. Competition between these modal verbs arose in their mind where ambiguity was perceived in the process of function-to-form mapping. Qualitative analyses of the think-aloud data revealed that Epistemic Domain is the most difficult domain for the participants in terms of function-to-form mapping, and “Hui/Neng” is the most confusing pair of Chinese modal verbs which may require more explicit instruction. Apart from studying the cognitive processing of modal forms and the cognitive ambiguity between them, this think-aloud case study also manifested the influence of social context on second language acquisition. It carries pedagogical implications for modal acquisition and indicates a socio-cognitive perspective for future studies on modality.","PeriodicalId":106963,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics and Translation","volume":"49 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124908080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metaphorical Visualization of Marginalized Groups in Advertisements and Its Impact on the Viewers’ Responses","authors":"W. Chakroun","doi":"10.11648/J.IJALT.20210703.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJALT.20210703.13","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the use of visual metaphor on marginalized groups in print advertisements and its impact on the viewers’ responses; namely, on the brand evaluation and on the viewers’ negative emotions. To this end, a questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 70 respondents who saw four advertisements two of which included marginalized models without any visual metaphor cues, while in the two other commercials visual metaphors were added on the marginalized models. The main findings show that respondents reacted positively towards the use of marginalized models used without visual metaphor. However, their reactions were unfavorable and showed more negative emotions towards advertisements using metaphorical visualization on marginalized groups. These results highlight that diversity and non-standardization are welcomed in advertisements as long as the viewers’ schemas are not violated. Put differently, viewers’ negative emotions and unfavorable brand evaluation were due to the use of visual metaphor on marginalized groups which violated their schemas and evoked messages of racism, inequality and injustice. Henceforth, this study suggests that using visual metaphor on marginalized groups should be dealt with carefully, especially when companies aim to gain higher retention rate and brand awareness. Indeed, they should take into consideration several aspects such as historical, social, political and cultural factors when using visual metaphor on marginalized portrayals in order not to deviate the target audience.","PeriodicalId":106963,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics and Translation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129646628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Praat-assisted Comparative Study on Disfluencies in C-E Interpreting","authors":"Yang Xiaofeng, Zhang Menglei, Zhang Zhaoqing, Zeng Ashan","doi":"10.11648/J.IJALT.20210702.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJALT.20210702.17","url":null,"abstract":"Intervening the process of interpreting, tone group segmentations, as the phonological embodiment of the interpreters’ information perception and processing, produce dis-fluent paralinguistic utterances like pauses, lengthening, and pitch resetting etc, which impact on the fluency of the information and expression. In order to study how these non-verbal behavior impose on the disfluencies and explore new criteria to assess interpreting quality technically, thus training students’ interpreting skills, the study applied Praat to study on the students’ disfluency phenomenon in C-E interpreting from lexical, phrasal and sentential levels and tones and tone groups segmentation in student’s C-E interpreting disfluent utterances in PACCEL 2012 with the interpreting of the 2010 SC Press conference as CK. The results showed that, compared with the professional interpreters, student interpreters’ utterance were endowed with the external and inner-word breaks, broken phrase segmentation, and excessive tone group segmentations in sentences.","PeriodicalId":106963,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics and Translation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129372711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On Chinese and English Metaphors of Taste Based on Conceptual Metaphor Theory: A Case Study of Taste Word Translation in Fortress Besieged","authors":"Lingli Li","doi":"10.11648/J.IJALT.20210702.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJALT.20210702.16","url":null,"abstract":"Metaphor is very common in literature. Conceptual metaphor theory (CMT) provides a brand-new way to study metaphor from cognitive perspective. This paper applies corpus analysis toolkit Antconc to analyze Chinese and English metaphors of taste based on the corpus of Fortress Besieged written by Ch’ien Chung-shu and its translation by Jeanne Kelly and Nathan K. Mao. It adopts quantitative and qualitative methods to analyze the taste words in Fortress Besieged and their translation methods, discusses the similarities and differences between the metaphorical meaning of Chinese and English taste words, hoping to help with future translation practice. Through data collection and analysis, “酸’’(sour), “甘/甜’’(sweet), “苦’’(bitter) and “辣”(spicy/hot) turn out to be the most commonly used metaphors of taste to elucidate the characters’ personalities and experiences in the novel. However, the metaphors of taste in the original text of Fortress Besieged are more commonly used than that in its translation and the metaphorical meaning of taste words is richer in Chinese. Although, there are some similarities between Chinese and English metaphors of taste, there are much more differences. From the perspective of CMT, the metaphors of “酸”, “甜/甘”, “苦” and “辣” belong to the structural metaphors and are mapped from taste domain to the domains of physiology, emotion, life, sleep, visual sense, degree, personality and conduct, while the metaphors of “sour”，“sweet”，“bitter” and “spicy/hot” are hardly mapped to physiology, degree and conduct domain. To deal with this, translators can use free translation and amplification translation methods, omitting, substituting the original vehicles in source text or adding explanations to achieve functional equivalence during translation.","PeriodicalId":106963,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics and Translation","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120851757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine Translation Quality Assessment of Selected Works of Xiaoping Deng Supported by Digital Humanistic Method","authors":"Qing Wang, Xiao Ma","doi":"10.11648/J.IJALT.20210702.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJALT.20210702.15","url":null,"abstract":"With the development of modern technology, the new technological methods need to be applied timely into translation research and translation quality assessment. As a new research method, digital technology is often used in the field of humanities research instead of the traditional ones and open a new paradigm for humanities research. At the same time, humanities research also provides a broad application space and rich corpus data for computer technology. Different from the traditional methods of machine translation quality assessment, this study attempts to apply the digital technology into the machine translation assessment, with the help of corpus technology, computer technology and statistical methods, so a to evaluate the quality of machine translations generated by different translation software from lexical, syntactical, semantic and pragmatic levels. The machine translation data for analysis come from the automatic translations by Baidu and Youda of the Selected Works of Xiaoping Deng, collection of Xiaoping Deng’s important political speeches and theories, and the comparable data for reference is from the translated text produced by the expert translators. The specific case analysis and evaluation, on the one hand, verify the effectiveness of the digital humanity method applicable in the actual machine translation quality assessment; on the other hand, try to eliminate people’s bias to the machine translation, so as to make people have a deeper understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of machine translation and improve the machine translation software design in the future.","PeriodicalId":106963,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics and Translation","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127841057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On English Translation of Chinese Diplomatic Discourses from the Perspective of Pragmatic Triadic Relations","authors":"Chen Yulian","doi":"10.11648/J.IJALT.20210702.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJALT.20210702.14","url":null,"abstract":"Translation is a special case of language use and a special way of communication that spans language, time and culture. Translation of diplomatic discourse is a complicated communicative activity in which numerous factors should be taken into consideration such as the speech style of the speaker, the situational context and the distinctions between the source language and the target language. The pragmatic triadic relation mode of relational pragmatics is beneficial for the translation of diplomatic discourses from Chinese to English, according to which, the translator, language and context interact with each other in the translation process and constitute a complete system. The translator plays a subjective role whose mastery of both the source language and the target language will affect his understanding of the source text and his ways of re-expression and recreation; the linguistic and cultural characteristics of the source language will to some extent influence the translator’s selection of words and understanding of the speaker’s intention; while the situational and cultural contextual factors such as time, space, participants, culture, customs and values will also have impacts on translation. Comprehensive consideration of all these aspects will produce appropriate and effective translation of a diplomatic discourse and promote the dissemination of Chinese culture.","PeriodicalId":106963,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics and Translation","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124708136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Students’ Motivation for Learning Ghanaian Languages in the University","authors":"E. Nyamekye, Daniel Baffour-Koduah","doi":"10.11648/J.IJALT.20210702.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJALT.20210702.13","url":null,"abstract":"This study sought to examine students’ motivation for studying Ghanaian languages in University of Cape Coast. It adopted a descriptive survey design with a sample of 144 students in University of Cape Coast. The statistical methods employed were descriptive and inferential statistics. Mann-Whitney U test and Wilcoxon Signed Rank test were used to test the hypotheses set to guide the study. It was revealed that students were motivated by both instrumental and integrative factors. However, it was revealed that students were more motivated by integrative factors than instrumental factors. Also, there were no differences between male and female students concerning how motivated they are in studying Ghanaian languages. Finally, it was revealed that students who believed they were pursuing Ghanaian languages because it has been prescribed as part of the university’s requirement for fulfilling the Bachelor of Arts Education honour were less motivated while students who are pursuing it because it is their desired programme of study were more motivated. Contrary to the preconceived notion that Ghanaian language students are using their programme of study as an easy route to attain good grades, it could be concluded that they are rather impelled by the desire to get a better knowledge of the Ghanaian culture.","PeriodicalId":106963,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics and Translation","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131990354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Standard and Non-Standard Syntactic Units in Alisher Navoi’s Prose","authors":"Ashirbaev Samikhan","doi":"10.11648/J.IJALT.20210702.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJALT.20210702.12","url":null,"abstract":"Alisher Navoi is the greatest representative of Uzbek literature and Uzbek literary language in the world. His works are studied not only in the Eastern countries but also in most countries of the world. The texts of Alisher Navoi's works have been thoroughly studied in terms of literary studies but this idea cannot be expressed concerning his language. Preliminary research on the phonetic, lexical, and grammatical peculiarities of the language of Alisher Navoi's works has been carried out but the language of his works has not yet been studied from theoretical and practical linguistics and stylistic point of view. In particular, the language of his poetic works was not an object of researches. It's a turn-around issue. The syntax of Alisher Navoi's works is less studied than at other levels. His prosaic works have been taken as a source in the researches carried out up to now. This article also studies his prose works and the views on the standard and non-standard syntactic units of the Alisher Navoi proses that paid little attention by researchers highlighted in it. Such an approach to the issue has never existed in either world linguistics or Uzbek linguistics. Most scientific works said that the syntactic analysis of the old Uzbek language, in particular, the language of Alisher Navoi prose is difficult. It is worth noting that not only the syntactic construction of Alisher Navoi but also its language system creates difficulties for analysis. There are particular reasons for this: 1) Our modern language with the language of his works has been distinguished for about 600 years; 2) The old Uzbek language, especially the language of Alisher Navoi, was under influence of the Persian language; 3) the current Uzbek language has gone away from the style of expression of thoughts in the language of Alisher Navoi's works. In particular, the language of Alisher Navoi differed from the language of other writers of that period by the use of non-standard phrases. Therefore, it was planned to study the complexities of his language on the example of the prose of Alisher Navoi's works in this article. Most of the statements and texts of the source analyzed in the article are non-standard.","PeriodicalId":106963,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics and Translation","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117231965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Critical Study on the Effect of the Case-based Teaching Method in Business English Reading in Higher Vocational Colleges","authors":"Yin Yang","doi":"10.11648/J.IJALT.20210702.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJALT.20210702.11","url":null,"abstract":"The research of teaching methods has been attracting L2 researchers and practitioners, for the proper choice of teaching methods may produce a considerable effect on both languages teaching and learning. Case-based teaching method is now widely applied to many courses, which has been well examined in the existing literature. While there still remains some space worth exploring in the field of ESP teaching, especially in business English teaching, which is scarcely studied by many researchers and teachers. In addition, most of the researchers focus their attention on the secondary or tertiary learners. Similar research has rarely been found as regards the business English learners of higher vocational education institutions, and even more scarcely to probe into the problems in the implementation of case-based teaching method in business English reading. Against such a research background, this study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of the case-based teaching method in business English reading at the higher vocational college level, with a special focus on the identification of the problems in the process of implementing the case-based teaching method. The ultimate goal of the study was to help push forward the necessary pedagogical reforms conducted in higher vocational colleges so that the case-based teaching could be implemented to the desired effect. With the mixed design of quantitative and qualitative approaches, the study comes to the conclusions that despite that a few problems or difficulties were found in the implementation of case-based teaching method from the perspectives of teachers, students and administrators, the method is significantly effective in improving students’ enhancement in autonomous learning, cooperative learning and independent thinking.","PeriodicalId":106963,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics and Translation","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130810831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}