Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)最新文献_第7页

Drug repurposing and other strategies for rapid coronavirus antiviral development: lessons from the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic 快速开发冠状病毒抗病毒药物的药物再利用和其他战略:来自COVID-19大流行早期的经验教训

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1183/2312508x.10024020

Sophie O'Reilly, Matthew Angeliadis, Ross Murtagh, V. Gautier

{"title":"Drug repurposing and other strategies for rapid coronavirus antiviral development: lessons from the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Sophie O'Reilly, Matthew Angeliadis, Ross Murtagh, V. Gautier","doi":"10.1183/2312508x.10024020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/2312508x.10024020","url":null,"abstract":"The recent and recurrent spillover of three highly pathogenic coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, into human populations has stressed the importance of pandemic preparedness. Here, we describe how, in the absence of antiviral therapeutic options against coronaviruses, early clinical investigations have focused on the prompt repurposing of approved antiviral therapies. We discuss how, despite international collaborative efforts, their outcomes so far have been disappointing as none of the early drugs tested demonstrated effective clinical efficacy. We also outline innovative strategies and tools developed to fast-track development of novel classes of antivirals. These capitalise on a deeper understanding of viral molecular pathogenesis and how coronaviruses hijack the host cellular machinery to maximise their replication and counteract host defences. Collectively, these approaches are crucial to identify and validate novel targets for therapeutic interventions and expand the repertoire of broad-spectrum antiviral agents, so that these can be promptly deployed for current and future pandemics.Copyright © ERS 2021.","PeriodicalId":10691,"journal":{"name":"Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81901752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Post-COVID-19 rehabilitation Post-COVID-19康复

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1183/2312508x.10024520

Sally J. Singh

引用次数: 0

COVID-19: management in the ICU COVID-19: ICU的管理

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1183/2312508x.10025920

S. Ananth, A. Aujayeb, S. Brosnahan, L. Bos, R. D'Cruz, D. López-Padilla, A. Lubinsky, H. Kulkarni, T. Marín, E. Swingwood

引用次数: 0

Economic, physical and social determinants of health during the COVID-19 lockdown: a call for renewed societal responses COVID-19封锁期间健康的经济、物质和社会决定因素:呼吁重新采取社会应对措施

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1183/2312508x.10024720

L. Lui, Yena Lee, R. McIntyre

{"title":"Economic, physical and social determinants of health during the COVID-19 lockdown: a call for renewed societal responses","authors":"L. Lui, Yena Lee, R. McIntyre","doi":"10.1183/2312508x.10024720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/2312508x.10024720","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented global public health crisis with respect to its effects on economic, physical and mental health. While early lockdown guidelines may have been effective for reducing viral transmission, prolonged quarantine and physical distancing measures may have augmented the disparities underlying the determinants of health. The aggregate effects of rapid and significant economic downturn, as well as physical and mental morbidity and mortality, are reported to increase the risk of suicide. Furthermore, students, females and individuals with pre-existing mental health illness(es) are at an increased risk for poor mental health outcomes as a result of decreased social support and gaps in healthcare access. Individuals with a mood disorder are at a greater risk for COVID-19 hospitalisation. Additionally, international collaboration addressing underlying social and economic inequities across high-, middle-and low-income countries is critical for managing infection rates. Taken together, public health policies should target upstream factors that affect the determinants of ill health.Copyright © ERS 2021.","PeriodicalId":10691,"journal":{"name":"Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75238809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical features and acute management of COVID-19 in children 儿童COVID-19的临床特征和急性管理

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1183/2312508x.10024320

K. Longbottom, E. Whittaker, Justin Penner

{"title":"Clinical features and acute management of COVID-19 in children","authors":"K. Longbottom, E. Whittaker, Justin Penner","doi":"10.1183/2312508x.10024320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/2312508x.10024320","url":null,"abstract":"Children account for a minority of cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The majority with acute infection are asymptomatic or have mild disease. Severe disease and mortality are reported in children with associated comorbidities such as complex neurodisability. Paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS;also referred to as multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C)) is observed ~3-6 weeks after acute infection in an estimated 0.05% of cases. This is characterised by multiorgan involvement, and >50% of cases have myocardial dysfunction and require critical care admission for supportive care. Neurological, cardiac, gastrointestinal, renal and dermatological symptoms are all reported in acute and post-acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. To date, there is no evidence of a benefit from remdesivir, steroids or other investigative treatment in children during acute infection, and their use is recommended only on a case-by-case compassionate basis. Management of PIMS-TS is based on evidence from Kawasaki disease with immunomodulation and cardiac protection, and urgent RCT data are required. The collateral effects of the pandemic are likely to have long-term effects on children's physical and mental health.Copyright © ERS 2021.","PeriodicalId":10691,"journal":{"name":"Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72877800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epidemiology of COVID-19: global spread, risk factors for disease incidence, severity and mortality COVID-19流行病学:全球传播、疾病发病率、严重程度和死亡率的危险因素

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1183/2312508x.10025420

J. Soriano, A. Infante

引用次数: 2

COVID-19: imaging COVID-19:成像

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1183/2312508x.10012421

C. Laursen, H. Prosch, S. Harders, C. Falster, J. Davidsen, Á. Tárnoki

引用次数: 0

Lung pathology in COVID-19 COVID-19的肺部病理

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1183/2312508x.10024220

M. Copin, J. Gibier, Véronique Hofman, Paul Hofman

引用次数: 0

Can the immune system be targeted to treat COVID-19? 免疫系统可以靶向治疗COVID-19吗?

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1183/2312508x.10024120

Sarah Abdelhafeez, D. Doherty

引用次数: 0

Clinical features and acute management of COVID-19 in adults 成人COVID-19的临床特征和急性管理

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1183/2312508x.10025520

Nuzhath Khan, L. Lamb, R. Moores

{"title":"Clinical features and acute management of COVID-19 in adults","authors":"Nuzhath Khan, L. Lamb, R. Moores","doi":"10.1183/2312508x.10025520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/2312508x.10025520","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 is a multisystem disease that requires holistic management. Most patients will experience mild symptoms including cough, fever and mild dyspnoea. A small proportion of patients will have severe manifestations including respiratory failure, ARDS and multiorgan failure. Extrapulmonary features are common and include gastrointestinal, thromboembolic, neurological, cardiac, renal, endocrine and dermatological manifestations. The care of COVID-19 patients requires close attention to these features. This includes respiratory support (such as supplemental oxygen, NIV and awake proning);fluid, electrolyte and nutrition management;prevention, detection and treatment of thrombotic events;management of diabetic complications;review of medications;appropriate use of antibiotics;and evidence-based use of therapeutic agents such as corticosteroids, antivirals such as remdesivir and other emerging therapies such as immunomodulating agents. Early planning for treatment escalation and decision making around the appropriateness of cardiopulmonary resuscitation are crucial as deterioration can be rapid. Prolonged symptoms occur in a minority of patients and longitudinal follow-up is required.Copyright © ERS 2021.","PeriodicalId":10691,"journal":{"name":"Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85530621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0