Spectra Undergraduate Research Journal最新文献_第3页

A Timeline of Discovery and Current Research on Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma and Emergence of Potentially Permanent Treatment Solutions 原发性开角型青光眼的发现和目前研究的时间表以及潜在的永久性治疗方案的出现

Spectra Undergraduate Research Journal Pub Date : 2021-08-13 DOI: 10.9741/2766-7227.1007

Yonosuke DeJesus, Guadalupe Moreno Ceballos

引用次数: 0

Qualitative Review of Educational Interventions for Improving Physical Activity Behaviors in Older Asian Americans in the United States 改善美国老年亚裔美国人体育活动行为的教育干预的定性评价

Spectra Undergraduate Research Journal Pub Date : 2021-08-13 DOI: 10.9741/2766-7227.1010

Raisa Kabir, M. Sharma, Sayeda Tazim Zaidi, C. Dai

引用次数: 1

The Future of the Live Entertainment Tax in Southern Nevada 南内华达州现场娱乐税的未来

Spectra Undergraduate Research Journal Pub Date : 2021-08-13 DOI: 10.9741/2766-7227.1009

Katie M. Gilbertson

引用次数: 0

Racial Profiling: Understanding the Practice of Stop-and-Frisk in New York City 种族定性:理解纽约市拦截搜身的做法

Spectra Undergraduate Research Journal Pub Date : 2021-08-13 DOI: 10.9741/2766-7227.1006

Lisa Ly

{"title":"Racial Profiling: Understanding the Practice of Stop-and-Frisk in New York City","authors":"Lisa Ly","doi":"10.9741/2766-7227.1006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9741/2766-7227.1006","url":null,"abstract":"Racial profiling has become a prominent issue in modern policing today. Instead of being based on individual suspicion, racial profiling embodies a belief that people of color are continuously singled out by the police for scrutiny and harassment. Policies and procedures make the Black community vulnerable to police discrimination and racial profiling. Floyd et al. v. City of New York et al. (2013) declared that the New York Police Department’s (NYPD) practice of stop-and-frisk was racially profiling Black civilians. This study sought (1) to determine if the NYPD post- Floyd is still engaging in racial profiling towards Black civilians; and (2) to evaluate the relationship between race and the number of stops, frisks, and arrests with the T-test. Based on the data released by the NYPD from 2011 to 2015 and 2019 (N=1,492,295), results indicated that the NYPD is engaging in racial profiling towards Black civilians post- Floyd and that there is a relationship between race and the number of stops, frisks, and arrests between Black and White civilians. The results contribute to a wider research consensus that racial profiling and discrimination are a presence in police practices in the United States.","PeriodicalId":105761,"journal":{"name":"Spectra Undergraduate Research Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129856896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Critical Analysis of the Body Positive Movement on Instagram: How Does it Really Impact Body Image? 对Instagram上的身体积极运动的批判性分析:它如何真正影响身体形象?

Spectra Undergraduate Research Journal Pub Date : 2021-02-26 DOI: 10.9741/2766-7227.1003

Ayla S. Gelsinger

{"title":"A Critical Analysis of the Body Positive Movement on Instagram: How Does it Really Impact Body Image?","authors":"Ayla S. Gelsinger","doi":"10.9741/2766-7227.1003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9741/2766-7227.1003","url":null,"abstract":"Instagram, a photo based social networking site, is one of the most popular forms of social media. The Body Positive Movement campaign surfaced on Instagram in 2012 and aimed to confront the unrealistic expectations and unrepresentative portrayals of women in popular media and advertising. The present study aimed to analyze whether posts that were tagged #bodypositive or #bodypositivity upheld the initial goals of the movement by taking note of the characteristics (including race, sex, gender, and body type) of people that were featured in the top posts of the #bodypositive or #bodypositivity tags. Resultant fieldnotes were coded into the following themes: 1) Hegemonic views of beauty, 2) Homogenous properties of popular posters and posts, 3) Body image centered posting, 4) Crossposting, and 5) Achieving fame and gaining publicity and exposure. It was found that top #bodypositive or #bodypositivity posts often upheld hegemonic beauty standards that are common in popular media. These findings suggest that the Body Positive Movement strayed from its initial goals, thereby failing to provide an outlet for bodies that diverge from the ideals set by popular media. The present study suggests two alternative hashtags-- #effyourbeautystandards and #bodycompassion--that both represent diverse body types and identities while empowering women to be accepting and loving of their bodies. These tags have created a space where the hegemonic views of beauty are questioned and opposed, therefore succeeding in the ways that the Body Positive Movement is failing.","PeriodicalId":105761,"journal":{"name":"Spectra Undergraduate Research Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129034987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Welcoming Assistants: Changing Perspectives of Jewish Workers in the Holocaust 欢迎助手:大屠杀中犹太工人不断变化的观点

Spectra Undergraduate Research Journal Pub Date : 2021-02-26 DOI: 10.9741/2766-7227.1002

Noa Price

引用次数: 0

Asian Americans Experience Microassaults During the COVID-19 Pandemic 亚裔美国人在COVID-19大流行期间遭受微攻击

Spectra Undergraduate Research Journal Pub Date : 2021-02-26 DOI: 10.9741/2766-7227.1004

A. Cheng, B. King, Aldo M. Barrita, Anthony King, Gloria Wong-Padoongpatt

{"title":"Asian Americans Experience Microassaults During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"A. Cheng, B. King, Aldo M. Barrita, Anthony King, Gloria Wong-Padoongpatt","doi":"10.9741/2766-7227.1004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9741/2766-7227.1004","url":null,"abstract":"Microaggressions are typically brief and common behavioral/verbal indignities that communicate a sense of hostility, derogatory, or negative perception towards a targeted group. During the COVID-19 pandemic, we observed an increase in the amount of microassaults, a more intentional type of microaggression, towards the Asian American population. In our study, we used a two-way 2x2 (Race: Asian Americans vs. White Americans; Time: before vs. during COVID-19) analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with repeated measures on one factor (Time) to determine whether there was a statistical significance between race in the experiences of microassaults before and during COVID-19. We used a self-report survey method to gather data from the participants. Overall, the findings from our study suggest that Asian Americans experienced an increase of microassaults during COVID-19 compared to before the pandemic. Moreover, this change in experiences over time was significantly different for White Americans. This study shows the importance of recognizing this phenomenon, and addresses the issues on inclusivity, cultural-awareness, and compassion. Moving forward, it is important that we are aware of social influences on race-related experiences among Asian Americans, and other marginalized communities.","PeriodicalId":105761,"journal":{"name":"Spectra Undergraduate Research Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122314755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Differences in Ethnic and Sport Culture Salience Among College Students Participating in NCAA and Recreational Sports 大学生参加全国大学生体育运动与休闲体育运动的民族与体育文化显著性差异

Spectra Undergraduate Research Journal Pub Date : 2021-02-26 DOI: 10.9741/2766-7227.1001

Mirella S. Jasso, P. Nelson, B. Donohue, M. Strong, Joanna Kepka, Daniel N. Allen

{"title":"Differences in Ethnic and Sport Culture Salience Among College Students Participating in NCAA and Recreational Sports","authors":"Mirella S. Jasso, P. Nelson, B. Donohue, M. Strong, Joanna Kepka, Daniel N. Allen","doi":"10.9741/2766-7227.1001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9741/2766-7227.1001","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to (1) examine differences between Ethnic Majority (European American) and Ethnic Minority (African American, Latina/o, Asian/Asian American, Pacific Islander, and Other) student athletes’ ratings of importance of their Ethnic Culture, (2) examine differences in the importance of Sport Culture among NCAA and Recreational (i.e., Club and Intramural) student athletes, and (3) determine if Ethnic Identification and Athlete Type interact to predict the importance of Ethnic Culture and Sport Culture. Student athletes were asked to fill out a demographic questionnaire, and then rate the importance of several cultural domains (i.e. Ethnic Culture and Sport Culture) using a novel measure, the Cultural Domain Menu (CDM). After a descriptive analysis was performed, Analysis of Variances (ANOVA) and several t-tests were conducted to test differences among Ethnic Majority and Ethnic Minority student athletes in the importance of their Ethnic and Sport Cultures. Findings demonstrated a significant difference between Ethnic Majority and Ethnic Minority student athletes’ ratings of the importance of their Ethnic Culture: Ethnic Majority ratings were found to be lower compared to Ethnic Minority student athletes. Results also showed a significant difference between NCAA and Recreational student athletes in their ratings of their Sport Culture: NCAA student athletes were found to rank their Sport Culture as more salient. Implications, limitations, and future directions for this study are discussed in regard to the results. These results serve as a great indicator of the mental health issues of importance when aiming to serve student athletes from different backgrounds.","PeriodicalId":105761,"journal":{"name":"Spectra Undergraduate Research Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129073842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effects of Renewable Portfolio Standards and the Deregulation of Energy Markets on Electricity Prices 可再生能源投资组合标准与能源市场放松管制对电价的影响

Spectra Undergraduate Research Journal Pub Date : 2021-02-26 DOI: 10.9741/2766-7227.1000

Amani Chaar

引用次数: 0

A Project-Based Literature Review of Girls in STEM Day: A Day-Long STEM Event for Middle School Girls 基于项目的STEM日女生文献综述:为期一天的中学女生STEM活动

Spectra Undergraduate Research Journal Pub Date : 2021-02-26 DOI: 10.9741/2766-7227.1005

Emily Carter, Tina Vo

引用次数: 0