Introduction to Meta‐Analysis最新文献

Overview 概述

Introduction to Meta‐Analysis Pub Date : 2019-12-31 DOI: 10.1525/9780520966284-001

Jan M. Ziolkowski, Jan M. Ziolkowski

引用次数: 0

Overview 概述

Introduction to Meta‐Analysis Pub Date : 2019-05-01 DOI: 10.1787/44c79734-en

N. H. Packan

{"title":"Overview","authors":"N. H. Packan","doi":"10.1787/44c79734-en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1787/44c79734-en","url":null,"abstract":"The Fourteenth International Symposium on Effects of Radiation on Materials was held on 27-30 June 1988 in Andover, MA. This biennial symposium series commenced in 1956 and has served as a major international forum for the exchange and discussion of both the fundamental and technological aspects of behavioral changes in materials exposed to radiation environments. The high level of participation at the latest symposium required four full days of conference sessions, and the peer-reviewed proceedings are being published in three volumes. The papers from the first three days of the symposium appear in the two volumes of this ASTM Special Technical Publication (STP) 1046. Volume [ encompasses radiation damageinduced microstructures; point defect, solute, and gas atom effects; atomic-level measurement techniques; and applications of theory. Volume II includes mechanical behavior, all papers dealing with pressure-vessel steels, breeder reactor components, dosimetry, and nuclear fuels. The fourth day of the symposium was devoted to the single topic of reducedactivation materials, including austenitic, ferritic, and vanadium alloys, for future fusion reactors; these papers are being published in a companion volume: ASTM STP 1047, Reduced-Activation Materials .for Fusion Reactors. The first two sections of Volume I, Microstructures: Ferritics and Microstructures: Austenitics, deal with the effects of radiation on the structures of alloys being developed for high-dose environments, such as the first wall of a fusion reactor. One notable theme is the profound influence of certain -minor\" (that is, present in low concentration) but critical alloying elements, such as titanium, phosphorous, and others, primarily through the unique phases and microstructures they induce. Examples are offered of fine dispersions of precipitates acting as distributed point defect and gas atom traps with the result that the growth of large voids or bubbles is inhibited. Both neutron and charged-particle irradiations have been employed in these papers, while analytical transmission electron microscopy (TEM) seems to be the major technique of investigation. In Gas Effects, a large number of papers (12) explore various aspects of what is probably the most pernicious nuclear transmutation product, helium. If it is not hindered from collecting in bubbles at grain boundaries, the frequent result is helium embrittlement, which becomes a principal constraining factor for operation at high irradiation temperatures. Among the papers presented are studies of helium embrittlement in ferritic alloys, in pure nickel and nickel-base alloys, a direct comparison between austenitic and martensitic steels, helium effects in the different regions of stainless steel welds, and bubble formation in pure copper and aluminum. There are also fundamental studies of bubble formation for various inert gas species, and a technique paper offering a new way to introduce helium in mixedspectrum reactor experime","PeriodicalId":105695,"journal":{"name":"Introduction to Meta‐Analysis","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130951289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Overview 概述

Introduction to Meta‐Analysis Pub Date : 2019-02-24 DOI: 10.7591/9780801470165-006

J. M. Potter, R. T. Watanabe

{"title":"Overview","authors":"J. M. Potter, R. T. Watanabe","doi":"10.7591/9780801470165-006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/9780801470165-006","url":null,"abstract":"The continuing guest for efficient mechanical and structural designs has caused a steady rise in operating stresses as a proportion of design stresses and has placed long life requirements on the articles. Therefore, the cyclic stresses resulting from normal loading have become an important consideration in the design, analysis, and testing process. Similarly, there is ample evidence that loading variables such as amplitude, frequency, sequence, and phasing have a significant effect on fatigue crack initiation and propagation. In order to review the latest developments in the analytical treatment of fatigue loads, a one-day symposium was held in Cincinnati, Ohio, on 29 April 1987. The symposium was jointly sponsored by ASTM Committee E-9 on Fatigue and the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Fatigue Design and Evaluation Committee to review the state of art in characterizing and standardizing cyclic loads that are experienced by structures in service. This symposium is a sequel to the ASTM sponsored symposia on the Effect of Load Spectrum Variables on Fatigue Crack Initiation and Propagation (STP 714) held on 21 May 1979 in San Francisco, California, and Service Fatigue Loads Monitoring, Simulation, and Analysis (STP 671) presented in Atlanta, Georgia, 14-15 November 1977. The authors addressed two broad areas of interest; (1) characterization of measured loads and (2) development of analytical and test load spectra from condensed data. The information in this volume should be useful to engineers responsible for collection and evaluation of service loads and to those involved in analyzing and testing structures subjected to repeating loads. A large number of people contributed their time and energy to make the symposium a success. The editors would like to thank the authors for their contributions and the reviewers for their diligent editing of the manuscripts. We are also indebted to K. H. Donaldson and M. R. Mitchell, from the SAE-Fatigue Design and Evaluation Committee who served on the symposium planning committee and arranged reviewer support. The editors would like to thank symposium session chairmen A. L. Conle and J. W. Fash for their efforts.","PeriodicalId":105695,"journal":{"name":"Introduction to Meta‐Analysis","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131589673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Overview 概述

Introduction to Meta‐Analysis Pub Date : 2018-10-03 DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1328-3_ov

Reginald S. Roberton

{"title":"Overview","authors":"Reginald S. Roberton","doi":"10.1596/978-1-4648-1328-3_ov","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-1328-3_ov","url":null,"abstract":"ASTM D 4378, Practice for In-Service Monitoring of Mineral Turbine Oils for Steam and Gas Turbines, was developed by Subcommittee D02.C on Turbine Oils in response to the needs of the electrical power generation community. The organizations for which this document is intended are the utilities and industries which generate their own electrical power. The purpose of D 4378 is to recommend: 1. Which tests to run. 2. The frequency of testing. 3. The interpretation of the results. 4. Corrective actions. 5. Limiting values. This symposium brought together suppliers and consumers to present their views on turbine fluid monitoring. An overview was presented by Roberton giving the user needs that generated D 4378. The history of the document was discussed with the reasons for having the tests which are included, the basis for interpreting the results, and the appropriateness of the limits. The necessity for a monitoring program was brought forth by Bonett, who presented the experiences of an American utility. These show that a program can identify problems so that corrective action can be taken in time to prevent a major shutdown. The views of an American lubricant supplier were given by Trabert and Schreuders, who stressed the need for close cooperation between the turbine operator, the turbine manufacturer, and the lubricant supplier to ensure the successful operation and effective monitoring of a turbine circulating system. Ohgake and his associates reported on the technological revolution in Japan since 1955. Maximum unit capacity has increased from 66 MW in 1955 to 1000 MW in 1987. At the same time, steam pressure of 60 kg/cm 2 in 1955 has risen to 246 kg/cm 2 with a corresponding rise in steam temperature from 480~ to 566~ Turbine oil operating temperatures increased by 10 to 15~ thereby potentially more than doubling the oxidative degradation rate of the lubricant. Ohgake confirmed the use of ASTM D 2272 in their monitoring programs and for the calculation of turbine severity, and also indicated that the concept of regular makeup (replacing part of the oil charge) to compensate for oil degradation was still considered a useful practice to ensure long oil service life. In Japan and in the United States, increased demands have been placed on turbine lubricating oils by changes in the design of the turbine generators. The increased use of combined cycle stations has added the requirement that the same lubricant be used in both gas and steam turbines. (In a combined cycle installation,","PeriodicalId":105695,"journal":{"name":"Introduction to Meta‐Analysis","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128376680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Overview 概述

Introduction to Meta‐Analysis Pub Date : 2018-07-13 DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1281-1_ov

M. Brenner, Anne Mooney, T. J. Nagy

{"title":"Overview","authors":"M. Brenner, Anne Mooney, T. J. Nagy","doi":"10.1596/978-1-4648-1281-1_ov","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-1281-1_ov","url":null,"abstract":"This publication contains selected papers given at a Symposium on the Mass Spectrometric Characterization of Shale Oils that was jointly sponsored by the American Society for Mass Spectrometry (ASMS) and ASTM Committee E-14 on Mass Spectrometry. The symposium was held at the Thirtieth Annual Conference of ASMS, 6-11 June 1982, Honolulu, HI. The symposium was organized to provide mass spectrometry practitioners with information on state-of-the-art methodology for the characterization of shale oils. This information should be also useful for chemists and engineers that are involved in developing processes for the use of shale oils or, in general, any type of synthetic fuel (synfuel). Characterization of complex synfuel or petroleum mixtures or both that are designated for ultimate use by industry and the public at large has several important objectives. First, such characterization is essential for the fundamental understanding of the chemistry involved in generating a particular material, for example, obtaining liquid synfuels from coal or oil shale. Second, in-depth characterization is required to monitor the efficiency of upgrading processes that convert raw synfuels into commercially useful end products. Such processes will be required in most cases and might involve several steps, each with a different function and therefore presenting different analytical challenges. Thirdly, potential impact on the environment of the end products must also be assessed. The main point is that determination of the chemical composition of complex fossil fuels is a prime requirement for developing a viable and economical process. The above considerations apply well to the production and upgrading of shale oils. Shale oils are very complex mixtures and so are the processes designed to deal with their production and upgrading. This complexity makes indepth analysis of shale oils a significant challenge that, in general, can be solved only by using a multiple technique analytical approach. The complexity of shale oils is well illustrated by a simple list of major components that are likely to be present in typical samples. These include normal and isoparaffins, cycloparaffins, linear and cyclic olefins, one to four plus ring aromatics, aromatic olefins, aromatic thiophenes and furans, phenols, ketones, both aliphatic and aromatic nitrogen compounds, components with more than one heteroatom per molecule, and so forth for a total of 150 to 200 compound types (homologous series). Each compound type consists of at least 20 to 50 carbon number homologs and a much larger number of individual isomers.","PeriodicalId":105695,"journal":{"name":"Introduction to Meta‐Analysis","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121678885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Why Perform a Meta‐Analysis 为什么要进行Meta分析

Introduction to Meta‐Analysis Pub Date : 2015-02-01 DOI: 10.7599/HMR.2015.35.1.1

W. Shin

引用次数: 7

Psychometric Meta‐Analysis 心理元量分析

Introduction to Meta‐Analysis Pub Date : 2009-03-11 DOI: 10.1002/9780470743386.CH38

M. Borenstein, L. Hedges, J. Higgins, H. Rothstein

引用次数: 3

Worked Examples (Part 2) 工作示例(第2部分)

Introduction to Meta‐Analysis Pub Date : 2009-03-11 DOI: 10.1002/9780470743386.CH18

M. Borenstein, L. Hedges, J. Higgins, H. Rothstein

引用次数: 1

Fixed‐Effect Model 固定效应模型应承担的

Introduction to Meta‐Analysis Pub Date : 2009-03-11 DOI: 10.1002/9780470743386.CH11

M. Borenstein, L. Hedges, J. Higgins, H. Rothstein

引用次数: 37

Identifying and Quantifying Heterogeneity 识别和量化异质性

Introduction to Meta‐Analysis Pub Date : 2009-03-11 DOI: 10.1002/9780470743386.CH16

M. Borenstein, L. Hedges, J. Higgins, H. Rothstein

引用次数: 91