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5′-Substituted Indoline Spiropyrans: Synthesis and Applications 5 ' -取代吲哚类螺吡喃的合成与应用
Colorants Pub Date : 2023-06-05 DOI: 10.3390/colorants2020017
A. Khodonov, N. Belikov, A. Lukin, A. Laptev, V. A. Barachevsky, S. Varfolomeev, O. Demina
{"title":"5′-Substituted Indoline Spiropyrans: Synthesis and Applications","authors":"A. Khodonov, N. Belikov, A. Lukin, A. Laptev, V. A. Barachevsky, S. Varfolomeev, O. Demina","doi":"10.3390/colorants2020017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/colorants2020017","url":null,"abstract":"Methods for preparation of 5′-substituted spiropyrans, their chemical properties, and the effects of various factors on the relative stabilities of the spiropyrans and their isomeric merocyanine forms are examined, reviewed, and discussed.","PeriodicalId":10539,"journal":{"name":"Colorants","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90967618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Diphenyl-Furanones and Diphenyl-Oxopyrrole Derivatives: From Analytical Reagents for Amino Groups to New Fluorochromes for Cytochemical Staining of Chromatin DNA and Chromosomes: Proposal for Intercalative Binding and Fluorescence Mechanism 二苯基呋喃酮和二苯基氧吡咯衍生物:从氨基分析试剂到用于染色质DNA和染色体细胞化学染色的新型荧光染料:插层结合和荧光机制的建议
Colorants Pub Date : 2023-05-15 DOI: 10.3390/colorants2020016
J. Stockert, Silvina A. Romero, M. N. FELIX-POZZI, A. Blázquez-Castro
{"title":"Diphenyl-Furanones and Diphenyl-Oxopyrrole Derivatives: From Analytical Reagents for Amino Groups to New Fluorochromes for Cytochemical Staining of Chromatin DNA and Chromosomes: Proposal for Intercalative Binding and Fluorescence Mechanism","authors":"J. Stockert, Silvina A. Romero, M. N. FELIX-POZZI, A. Blázquez-Castro","doi":"10.3390/colorants2020016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/colorants2020016","url":null,"abstract":"Diaryl-furanones are specific analytical reagents for the biochemical detection of primary amines by fluorescence techniques. Well-known reagents are fluorescamine (Fluram) and 2-methoxy-2,4-diphenyl-3(2H)-furanone (MDPF), yielding fluorescent products with λem at 480–490 nm. Although the reaction products claim to be pyrrolinones, recent studies show that they are really 3-oxopyrrole (pyrrolone) derivatives. Both reagents have been used for the cytochemical demonstration of primary amines. In this work, we have applied the fluorescent products of MDPF with amines (n-butylamine, BA; glucosamine, GA; and spermine, Sp), which showed interesting fluorescence reactions with chromatin DNA. 2,4-diphenyl-3-oxopyrrole products (diPOPy) can be easily synthesized according to well-known procedures, by mixing solutions of MDPF in acetone with water at pH 9 containing the amino compounds. DiPOPy derivatives of BA, GA, and Sp were used for spectroscopic, microscopic, and molecular modeling studies, showing a bright and selective blue–green fluorescence on DNA substrates, mainly chromatin, kinetoplast DNA, and stretched chromatin fibers. The cationic diPOPy fluorophore is planar, with a high partial positive charge in the N atom, and suitable for intercalative binding to DNA. A mechanism of fluorescamine fluorescence due to an inner-salt isomeric form is proposed, and an astonishing correlation between adenine–thymine-rich centromeric heterochromatin in mouse metaphase chromosomes after reaction of the fluorescamine reagent with protein amino groups is also discussed.","PeriodicalId":10539,"journal":{"name":"Colorants","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88651995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus): A Green Colorant for Cotton Fabric 火龙果(Hylocereus polyrhizus):棉织物绿色着色剂
Colorants Pub Date : 2023-05-11 DOI: 10.3390/colorants2020015
Md. Himel Mahmud, Md. Tanvir Raihan, Md. Tarik Zaman Shakhik, Fauzia Tasnim Khan, M. T. Islam
{"title":"Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus): A Green Colorant for Cotton Fabric","authors":"Md. Himel Mahmud, Md. Tanvir Raihan, Md. Tarik Zaman Shakhik, Fauzia Tasnim Khan, M. T. Islam","doi":"10.3390/colorants2020015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/colorants2020015","url":null,"abstract":"The textile industry has been exploring sustainable chemicals and natural alternatives to replace harmful and carcinogenic substances used in different stages of textile production for dyeing textiles. Natural dyes are gaining popularity, as they are environmentally friendly and less harmful. Betacyanin, a type of pigment obtained from red pitahaya, commonly known as red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus), has peels that are available as agricultural waste and can be used to meet the demand for natural dye production. This study aimed to explore and utilize dragon fruit’s peel as a natural colorant for dyeing 100% cotton knit fabric (scoured and bleached single jersey plain knit) of 170 g/m2, which could transform a low-value material into a valuable product. However, cotton’s phenolic nature and oxidation process result in negative charges on its surface, making natural dyeing challenging. Cationization with cationic agents (ForCat NCH, a mixture of cationic polyamine and 1,3,dichlori-2-propanol) and mordanting (potassium alum or potassium aluminum sulfate) were carried to improve dye exhaustion and enhance colorfastness properties. Spectrophotometer 800 was used to measure color strength (K/S), and several fastness tests, including wash, perspiration, and rubbing were conducted to assess the final product’s performance. The process parameters, such as temperatures, times, pH levels, and dye concentrations were varied to understand better the optimum conditions.","PeriodicalId":10539,"journal":{"name":"Colorants","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88388150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Effective Removal of Methyl Orange Dyes Using an Adsorbent Prepared from Porous Starch Aerogel and Organoclay 多孔淀粉气凝胶和有机粘土制备的吸附剂对甲基橙染料的有效去除
Colorants Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.3390/colorants2020014
Rihem Jemai, M. Djebbi, S. Boubakri, H. B. Rhaiem, A. Ben Haj Amara
{"title":"Effective Removal of Methyl Orange Dyes Using an Adsorbent Prepared from Porous Starch Aerogel and Organoclay","authors":"Rihem Jemai, M. Djebbi, S. Boubakri, H. B. Rhaiem, A. Ben Haj Amara","doi":"10.3390/colorants2020014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/colorants2020014","url":null,"abstract":"Intending to provide efficient and compact wastewater remediation, the present work is exploiting and introducing a novel composite prepared from porous starch aerogel (PSA) and organically modified Ca-montmorillonite (OMMT) for the removal of dyes from aqueous samples. First, potato starch components were used as a hydrolysis precursor to obtain PSA. The organoclay samples were prepared by co-intercalation of octadecylamine (ODA) into Ca-MMT using a low-temperature melting procedure. Composites with different starch-to-organoclay ratios of 10:1, 1:1, and 1:10 were then prepared by a blending process in distilled water and used for methyl orange (MO) uptake. The removal of methyl orange dyes increased with the amount of organoclay in the PSA matrix. Characterization revealed that organoclay synergy improved the PSA surface chemistry, while an important improvement in textural properties and thermal stability was also observed. The composite’s efficiency was demonstrated by high removal capabilities towards MO in most experimental runs, with a maximum adsorption capacity beyond 344.7 mg/g. The fitting result showed that MO adsorption follows a monolayer adsorption model, and chemisorption was the rate-controlling step. Nonetheless, this study proved the great potential of PSA/OMMT in dyeing wastewater treatment. Furthermore, starch modification is proven as an effective approach to enhancing the performance of starch-derived adsorbents.","PeriodicalId":10539,"journal":{"name":"Colorants","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84012647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Is There an International Klein Pink? 有国际通用的克莱因粉吗?
Colorants Pub Date : 2023-04-25 DOI: 10.3390/colorants2020013
Abed Haddad, C. Rogge
{"title":"Is There an International Klein Pink?","authors":"Abed Haddad, C. Rogge","doi":"10.3390/colorants2020013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/colorants2020013","url":null,"abstract":"Yves Klein (1928–1962) is best known for his intensely blue monochromatic works made with International Klein Blue (IKB), a synthetic ultramarine blue pigment bound in a poly(vinyl acetate) binder. However, he also made monochromes in other colors, including red and pink, the pigments of which have never been elucidated. Analysis of one sculpture, three paintings, and one screenprint by micro-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (µ-FTIR), Raman and surface-enhanced Raman (SERS) spectroscopies, portable X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (p-XRF), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX), revealed that Klein used, knowingly or unknowingly, a variety of pink and red pigments, including Para Red, rhodamine 6G, rhodamine B, eosin Y, and alizarin lakes. The unexpected variety of pigments contrasts with his use of a single blue pigment and suggests he may not have held a singular vision of what constituted an iconic red or pink color.","PeriodicalId":10539,"journal":{"name":"Colorants","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90720744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Long-Alkyl Chain Functionalized Imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine Derivatives as Blue Emissive Dyes 长烷基链功能化咪唑[1,5-a]吡啶衍生物作为蓝色染料
Colorants Pub Date : 2023-04-10 DOI: 10.3390/colorants2020012
Nadia Barbero and Simone, S. Galliano, Gioele Colombo, Anita Cinco, G. Ardizzoia, S. Brenna
{"title":"Long-Alkyl Chain Functionalized Imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine Derivatives as Blue Emissive Dyes","authors":"Nadia Barbero and Simone, S. Galliano, Gioele Colombo, Anita Cinco, G. Ardizzoia, S. Brenna","doi":"10.3390/colorants2020012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/colorants2020012","url":null,"abstract":"A series of boron difluoride compounds with 2-(imidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)phenols bearing alkylic chains at the 1-position has been synthesized and characterized both with 1H and 13C NMR and infrared spectroscopy. This series of compounds displayed blue emission in solution and in thin polymeric films, with interesting features like large Stokes shifts and good fluorescence quantum yields. Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT) calculations allowed for the identification of the main electronic transitions as intra ligand transitions (1ILT), as corroborated by the Natural Transition Orbitals (NTOs) shapes.","PeriodicalId":10539,"journal":{"name":"Colorants","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89779550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
N-Annulated Perylene Diimide Non-Fullerene Acceptors for Organic Photovoltaics 有机光伏用n-环苝二亚胺非富勒烯受体
Colorants Pub Date : 2023-03-21 DOI: 10.3390/colorants2010011
Mahmoud E. Farahat, G. Welch
{"title":"N-Annulated Perylene Diimide Non-Fullerene Acceptors for Organic Photovoltaics","authors":"Mahmoud E. Farahat, G. Welch","doi":"10.3390/colorants2010011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/colorants2010011","url":null,"abstract":"This work covers the development of non-fullerene acceptors for use in organic photovoltaics built using the N-annulated perylene diimide dye. The classic perylene diimide dye has been extensively used to construct non-fullerene acceptors, leading to device power conversion efficiencies of over 10%. Strong visible light absorption and deep frontier molecular energy levels have made such materials (both molecular and polymeric) near ideal for pairing with narrow-gap conjugated polymers in bulk-heterojunction active layers. The N-annulation of the dye provides an extra site for side-chain engineering and alters the electronic structure of the polycyclic aromatic core. In addition, N-annulation allows for selective bromination of the perylene core, leading to building blocks that are useful for the construction of large molecular frameworks using the atom-economical direct heteroarylation cross-coupling method. Herein, we detail a series of molecules developed by our team that are based on the N-annulated perylene diimide in the form of dimers with different cores (both electron-rich and electron-deficient); dimers with varied side chains; tetramers with varying geometries; and large, asymmetric molecules with internal energy cascades. The use of these molecules as non-fullerene acceptors in organic photovoltaic devices (binary and ternary blends, outdoor and indoor light applications, and spin-coated vs. slot-die-coated photoactive layers) is presented.","PeriodicalId":10539,"journal":{"name":"Colorants","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91193483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Acknowledgment to the Reviewers of Colorants in 2022 向2022年着色剂审稿人致谢
Colorants Pub Date : 2023-03-17 DOI: 10.3390/colorants2010009
{"title":"Acknowledgment to the Reviewers of Colorants in 2022","authors":"","doi":"10.3390/colorants2010009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/colorants2010009","url":null,"abstract":"High-quality academic publishing is built on rigorous peer review [...]","PeriodicalId":10539,"journal":{"name":"Colorants","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87987757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Alternative Sources of Natural Photosensitizers: Role of Algae in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell 天然光敏剂的替代来源:藻类在染料敏化太阳能电池中的作用
Colorants Pub Date : 2023-03-17 DOI: 10.3390/colorants2010010
E. Armendáriz-Mireles, C. Calles-Arriaga, W. Pech-Rodríguez, Adalberto Castillo-Robles, E. Rocha-Rangel
{"title":"Alternative Sources of Natural Photosensitizers: Role of Algae in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell","authors":"E. Armendáriz-Mireles, C. Calles-Arriaga, W. Pech-Rodríguez, Adalberto Castillo-Robles, E. Rocha-Rangel","doi":"10.3390/colorants2010010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/colorants2010010","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the potential of marine algae to act as sensitizers is systematically studied and presented. We aim to find a feasible financial strategy to enhance the global efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). Algae are mainly composed of chlorophylls, carotenoids, flavonoids, and Betalains, which are essential pigments that confer unique characteristics that are required in natural sensitizers. Therefore, this review aims to unveil and understand the underlying mechanism between algae pigments and photoelectrodes and to conduct a comprehensive analysis to determine the effect of algae dye on light absorption efficiency and electron transport. The structural, morphological, optical, and electrochemical impedance properties are deeply analyzed, and we show the current opportunities for natural dyes to be used in energy technologies through DSSC. A comparison of several bibliographic sources dealing with DSSC based on algae provided a general overview of the improvements in factors such as the recombination times, the filling factor, and the Voc values. The contributions of this paper relate to the conversion efficiency and future applications in the DSSC field. Finally, this review exemplifies that the nature of the pigment affects the photophysical properties of the cell. Thus, this paper may contribute to future investigations of DSSC when choosing efficient natural dyes according to their optical and electronic properties. Therefore, this work provides the knowledge required to efficiently merge materials and dyes, in which photovoltaic energy systems’ reproducibility and scalability still represent a challenge. Lastly, this document discusses the natural pigments’ stability and the approaches to improve their chemical stability.","PeriodicalId":10539,"journal":{"name":"Colorants","volume":"102 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83535186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Photocatalytic Properties of PbMoO4 Nanocrystals against Cationic and Anionic Dyes in Several Experimental Conditions 几种实验条件下PbMoO4纳米晶体对阳离子和阴离子染料的光催化性能
Colorants Pub Date : 2023-03-05 DOI: 10.3390/colorants2010008
F. Nobre, Jairo Trindade, Marcus Valério Botelho do Nascimento, G. Souza, O. Mendes, A. Albuquerque, J. Sambrano, P. Couceiro, W. Brito, Y. L. Ruiz, J. D. de Matos
{"title":"Photocatalytic Properties of PbMoO4 Nanocrystals against Cationic and Anionic Dyes in Several Experimental Conditions","authors":"F. Nobre, Jairo Trindade, Marcus Valério Botelho do Nascimento, G. Souza, O. Mendes, A. Albuquerque, J. Sambrano, P. Couceiro, W. Brito, Y. L. Ruiz, J. D. de Matos","doi":"10.3390/colorants2010008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/colorants2010008","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports easy and fast synthesis of PbMoO4 nanocrystals by microwave-assisted hydrothermal (MH) method at different synthesis times (1, 10, 30 and 60 min) at 100 °C. X-ray diffraction, Rietveld refinement and Raman spectroscopy confirm all characteristics of diffraction peaks and active vibrational modes of the pure scheelite structure (tetragonal, I41/a) for all synthesized PbMoO4 nanocrystals. The optical bandgap calculated directly from the samples is close to 3.5 eV. The images collected by scanning electron microscopy show particles with mean length from 159.90(8) nm to 303.02(3) nm with greater exposure of planes (111), (100), (011) and (110). The photocatalytic activity of PbMoO4 nanocrystals against RhB and RBBR dyes resulted in successful degradation in short time intervals using ultraviolet light, where the best performance was achieved for the PbMoO4-10 sample, which was 29.2 and 51.8 times more effective than photolysis. The contribution of oxidant species was monitored by radical scavengers, which confirms that holes (h+) are the main oxidative species in photodegradation of RhB and RBBR dyes, while reuse of the catalyst against RhB and RBBR dyes confirms high stability of the catalyst, although recycled four times.","PeriodicalId":10539,"journal":{"name":"Colorants","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85875074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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