Clinical proteomics最新文献

{"title":"An integrated proteomic classifier to distinguish benign from malignant pulmonary nodules.","authors":"Bin Jia, Tingting Wang, Liangxuan Pan, Xiaoyao Du, Jing Yang, Fei Gao, Lujian Liao, Bianqin Guo, Junqiang Dong","doi":"10.1186/s12014-025-09532-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12014-025-09532-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pulmonary nodule with diameters ranging 8-30 mm has a high occurrence rate, and distinguishing benign from malignant nodules can greatly improve the patient outcome of lung cancer. However, sensitive and specific liquid-biopsy methods have yet to achieve satisfactory clinical goals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled three cohorts and a total of 185 patients diagnosed with benign (BE) and malignant (MA) pulmonary nodules. Utilizing data-independent acquisition (DIA) mass spectrometry, we quantified plasma proteome from these patients. We then performed logistic regression analysis to classify benign from malignant nodules, using cohort 1 as discovery data set and cohort 2 and 3 as independent validation data sets. We also developed a targeted multi-reaction monitoring (MRM) method to measure the concentration of the selected six peptide markers in plasma samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We quantified a total of 451 plasma proteins, with 15 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated proteins from patients diagnosed as having malignant nodules. Logistic regression identified a six-protein panel comprised of APOA4, CD14, PFN1, APOB, PLA2G7, and IGFBP2 that classifies benign and malignant nodules with improved accuracy. In cohort 1, the area under curve (AUC) of the training and testing reached 0.87 and 0.91, respectively. We achieved a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 40%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 62.5%, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 100%. In two independent cohorts, the 6-biomarker panel showed a sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of 96.2%, 35%, 65.8%, and 87.5% respectively in cohort 2, and 91.4%, 54.2%, 74.4%, and 81.3% respectively in cohort 3. We performed a targeted LC-MS/MS method to quantify plasma concentration of the six peptides and applied logistic regression to classify benign and malignant nodules with AUC of the training and testing reached 0.758 and 0.751, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study identified a panel of plasma protein biomarkers for distinguishing benign from malignant pulmonary nodules that worth further development into a clinically valuable assay.</p>","PeriodicalId":10468,"journal":{"name":"Clinical proteomics","volume":"22 1","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143794877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma proteomics in pediatric patients with sepsis- hopes and challenges.","authors":"Shiyuan Fan, Saizhen Zeng","doi":"10.1186/s12014-025-09533-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12014-025-09533-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the main causes of morbidity and death in pediatric patients is sepsis. Of the 48.9 million cases of sepsis reported globally, 41.5% involve children under the age of five, with 2.9 million deaths associated with the disease. Clinicians must identify and treat patients at risk of sepsis or septic shock before late-stage organ dysfunction occurs since diagnosing sepsis in young patients is more difficult than in adult patients. As of right now, omics technologies that possess adequate diagnostic sensitivity and specificity can assist in locating biomarkers that indicate how the disease will progress clinically and how the patient will react to treatment. By identifying patients who are at a higher risk of dying or experiencing persistent organ dysfunction, risk stratification based on biomarkers generated from proteomics can enhance prognosis. A potentially helpful method for determining the proteins that serve as biomarkers for sepsis and formulating theories on the pathophysiological mechanisms behind complex sepsis symptoms is plasma proteomics.</p>","PeriodicalId":10468,"journal":{"name":"Clinical proteomics","volume":"22 1","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11917080/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial top-down proteomics for the functional characterization of human kidney.","authors":"Kevin J Zemaitis, James M Fulcher, Rashmi Kumar, David J Degnan, Logan A Lewis, Yen-Chen Liao, Marija Veličković, Sarah M Williams, Ronald J Moore, Lisa M Bramer, Dušan Veličković, Ying Zhu, Mowei Zhou, Ljiljana Paša-Tolić","doi":"10.1186/s12014-025-09531-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12014-025-09531-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Human Proteome Project has credibly detected nearly 93% of the roughly 20,000 proteins which are predicted by the human genome. However, the proteome is enigmatic, where alterations in amino acid sequences from polymorphisms and alternative splicing, errors in translation, and post-translational modifications result in a proteome depth estimated at several million unique proteoforms. Recently mass spectrometry has been demonstrated in several landmark efforts mapping the human proteoform landscape in bulk analyses. Herein, we developed an integrated workflow for characterizing proteoforms from human tissue in a spatially resolved manner by coupling laser capture microdissection, nanoliter-scale sample preparation, and mass spectrometry imaging.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using healthy human kidney sections as the case study, we focused our analyses on the major functional tissue units including glomeruli, tubules, and medullary rays. After laser capture microdissection, these isolated functional tissue units were processed with microPOTS (microdroplet processing in one-pot for trace samples) for sensitive top-down proteomics measurement. This provided a quantitative database of 616 proteoforms that was further leveraged as a library for mass spectrometry imaging with near-cellular spatial resolution over the entire section. Notably, several mitochondrial proteoforms were found to be differentially abundant between glomeruli and convoluted tubules, and further spatial contextualization was provided by mass spectrometry imaging confirming unique differences identified by microPOTS, and further expanding the field-of-view for unique distributions such as enhanced abundance of a truncated form (1-74) of ubiquitin within cortical regions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We developed an integrated workflow to directly identify proteoforms and reveal their spatial distributions. Of the 20 differentially abundant proteoforms identified as discriminate between tubules and glomeruli by microPOTS, the vast majority of tubular proteoforms were of mitochondrial origin (8 of 10) while discriminate proteoforms in glomeruli were primarily hemoglobin subunits (9 of 10). These trends were also identified within ion images demonstrating spatially resolved characterization of proteoforms that has the potential to reshape discovery-based proteomics because the proteoforms are the ultimate effector of cellular functions. Applications of this technology have the potential to unravel etiology and pathophysiology of disease states, informing on biologically active proteoforms, which remodel the proteomic landscape in chronic and acute disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":10468,"journal":{"name":"Clinical proteomics","volume":"22 1","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11881370/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Admission glucose, HbA1c levels and inflammatory cytokines in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction.","authors":"Meisinger Christa, Freuer Dennis, Raake Philip, Linseisen Jakob, Schmitz Timo","doi":"10.1186/s12014-025-09530-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12014-025-09530-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To investigate the association between admission glucose and HbA1c values and inflammatory plasma proteins in hospitalized patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This analysis was based on 345 STEMI patients recorded by the population-based Myocardial Infarction Registry Augsburg between 2009 and 2013. Using the OLINK inflammatory panel, a total of 92 protein biomarkers were measured in arterial blood samples, which were obtained within the scope of cardiac catheterization immediately after admission. The associations between admission glucose and HbA1c levels and the 92 protein markers were investigated using multivariable linear regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Admission glucose showed significantly positive associations with the inflammatory markers IL-10, IL-8, IL-6, FGF-21, IL-7, ST1A1, MCP-1, 4E-BP1, SIRT2, STAMBP and IL-18R1 after Bonferroni adjustment. HbA1c values were only significantly associated with IL-18R1. In stratified analyses, admission glucose was not significantly associated with any plasma protein in the diabetes subgroup, while there were several protein markers that showed significantly positive associations with admission glucose in STEMI patients without known diabetes, namely IL-10, CCL20, IL-8, MCP-1 and IL-6.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Admission glucose in patients hospitalized due to an acute STEMI seems to be related to an inflammatory and immune-related response, expressed by an increase in inflammation-related plasma proteins in particular in non-diabetic patients with stress hyperglycemia. The present results may open new avenues for the development of biomarkers suitable as potential diagnostic or prognostic clinical markers.</p>","PeriodicalId":10468,"journal":{"name":"Clinical proteomics","volume":"22 1","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11834255/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of novel proteomic biomarkers for hypertension: a targeted approach for precision medicine.","authors":"Rana S Aldisi, Alsamman M Alsamman, Peter Krawitz, Carlo Maj, Hatem Zayed","doi":"10.1186/s12014-024-09519-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12014-024-09519-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertension is a critical public health issue worldwide. The identification of specific proteomic biomarkers in the Qatari population aims to advance personalized treatment strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted proteomic profiling on 778 Qatari individuals using an aptamer-based SOMAscan platform to analyze 1,305 biomarkers. Statistical analysis involved two-way ANOVA and association analyses with FDR correction, alongside pathway and gene-set enrichment analyses using Reactome and DisGeNET databases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study identified 26 significant protein biomarkers associated with hypertension. Notably, QORL1 and BMP1 were identified as novel protein biomarkers. Enrichment analysis linked these biomarkers to critical pathways involved in vascular biology, immune system responses, and pathologies like arteriosclerosis and coronary artery disease. Correlation analyses highlighted robust interactions, particularly between QORL1 and various Apolipoprotein E isoforms, suggesting these biomarkers play pivotal roles in the molecular mechanisms underlying hypertension.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This research enhances our understanding of the molecular basis of hypertension in the Qatari population and supports the development of precision medicine approaches for treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":10468,"journal":{"name":"Clinical proteomics","volume":"22 1","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11823053/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143406104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated proteomics and N-glycoproteomic characterization of glioblastoma multiform revealed N-glycosylation heterogeneities as well as alterations in sialyation and fucosylation.","authors":"Mingjun Hu, Kaiyue Xu, Ge Yang, Bo Yan, Qianqian Yang, Liang Wang, Shisheng Sun, Huijuan Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12014-025-09525-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12014-025-09525-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor. Notwithstanding tremendous efforts having been put in multi-omics research to profile the dysregulated molecular mechanisms and cellular pathways, there is still a lack of understanding about the glycoproteomic of GBM. Glycosylation as one of the most important post-translational modifications is crucial in regulating cell proliferation and relevant oncogenic pathways.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the study, we systematically profiled N-glycoproteomics of para-cancerous and cancerous tissues from GBM patients to reveal the site-specific N-glycosylation pattern defined by intact glycopeptides. We identified and quantified 1863 distinct intact glycopeptides (IGPs) with 161 N-linked glycan compositions and 326 glycosites. There were 396 IGPs from 43 glycoproteins differed between adjacent tissues and GBM. Then, proteomic and glycoproteomic data were combined, and the normalized glycosylation alteration was calculated to determine whether the difference was attributed to the global protein levels or glycosylation. The altered glycosylation triggered by site-specific N-glycans and glycoprotein abundance, as well as glycosite heterogeneity, were demonstrated. Ultimately, an examination of the overall glycosylation levels revealed a positive contribution of sialylated or/and fucosylated glycans.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, the dataset highlighted molecular complexity and distinct profiling at translational and post-translational levels, providing valuable information for novel therapeutic approaches and specific detection strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10468,"journal":{"name":"Clinical proteomics","volume":"22 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11807306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of storage time and temperature on the proteomic analysis of FFPE tissue sections.","authors":"Jennifer M S Koh, Erin K Sykes, Jyoti Rukhaya, Asim Anees, Qing Zhong, Christopher Jackson, Benedict J Panizza, Roger R Reddel, Rosemary L Balleine, Peter G Hains, Phillip J Robinson","doi":"10.1186/s12014-025-09529-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12014-025-09529-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues present an important resource for cancer proteomics. They are more readily available than fresh frozen (FF) tissues and can be stored at ambient temperature for decades. FFPE blocks are largely stable for long-term preservation of tumour histology, but the antigenicity of some proteins in FFPE sections degrades over time resulting in deteriorating performance of immunohistochemistry (IHC). It is not known whether FFPE sections that have previously been cut from blocks and used for liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis at a later time are affected by storage time or temperature. We determined the stability of FFPE sections stored at room temperature (RT) versus - 80 °C over 48 weeks. The stored sections were processed at different timepoints (n = 11) and compared to sections that were freshly cut from FFPE blocks at each timepoint (controls). A total of 297 sections (rat brain, kidney and liver stored at RT, - 80 °C or freshly cut) were tryptically digested and analysed on TripleTOF 6600 mass spectrometers in data-dependent acquisition (DDA) mode. Kidney and liver digests were also analysed in data-independent acquisition (DIA) mode. The number of proteins and peptides identified by DDA with ProteinPilot and some common post-translational modifications (PTMs) were unaffected by the storage time or temperature. Nine of the most common FFPE-associated modifications were quantified using DIA data and all were unaffected by storage time or temperature. Therefore, FFPE tissue sections are suitable for proteomic studies for at least 48 weeks from the time of sectioning.</p>","PeriodicalId":10468,"journal":{"name":"Clinical proteomics","volume":"22 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11796064/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143255039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating functional proteomics and next generation sequencing reveals potential therapeutic targets for Taiwanese breast cancer.","authors":"Wei-Chi Ku, Chih-Yi Liu, Chi-Jung Huang, Chen-Chung Liao, Yen-Chun Huang, Po-Hsin Kong, Hsieh Chen-Chan, Ling-Ming Tseng, Chi-Cheng Huang","doi":"10.1186/s12014-025-09526-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12014-025-09526-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Integrating functional proteomics and next-generation sequencing (NGS) offers a comprehensive approach to unraveling the molecular intricacies of breast cancer. This study investigates the functional interplay between genomic alterations and protein expression in Taiwanese breast cancer patients. By analyzing 61 breast cancer samples using tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling and mass spectrometry, coupled with whole-exome sequencing (WES) or targeted sequencing, we identified key genetic mutations and their impact on protein expression. Notably, pathogenic variants in BRCA1, BRCA2, PTEN, and PIK3CA were found to be clinically relevant, potentially guiding targeted therapy decisions. Additionally, we discovered trans correlations between specific gene alterations (FANCA, HRAS, PIK3CA, MAP2K1, JAK2) and the expression of 22 proteins, suggesting potential molecular mechanisms underlying breast cancer development and progression. These findings highlight the power of integrating proteomics and NGS to identify potential therapeutic targets and enhance personalized medicine strategies for Taiwanese breast cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":10468,"journal":{"name":"Clinical proteomics","volume":"22 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11753163/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143022137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ARTN and CCL23 predicted chemosensitivity in acute myeloid leukemia: an Olink^® proteomics approach.","authors":"Ting-Shuan Wu, Tzu-Hung Hsiao, Chung-Hsing Chen, Hsin-Ni Li, Miao-Neng Hung, Pei-Pei Jhan, Jia-Rung Tsai, Chieh-Lin Jerry Teng","doi":"10.1186/s12014-025-09527-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12014-025-09527-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The standard \"7 + 3\" induction results in 30% of de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients not achieving complete remission (CR). We aimed to utilize the Olink^® platform to compare the bone marrow plasma proteomic profiles of newly diagnosed de novo AML patients who did and did not achieve CR following \"7 + 3\" induction treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective study included 43 untreated AML patients, stratified into CR (n = 29) and non-CR (n = 14) groups based on their response to \"7 + 3\" induction therapy. We employed the Olink^® Explore-384 Inflammation platform for proteomic analysis to investigate differences in bone marrow plasma protein levels between the CR and non-CR groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Proteomic analysis demonstrated that the CR group exhibited significantly higher bone marrow plasma levels of ARTN and CCL23 than did the non-CR group. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed a higher proportion of tissue samples with intense staining for ARTN (25.40% vs. 7.05%, p = 0.013) and CCL23 (24.14% vs. 14.29%, p = 0.039) in the CR group. These findings were corroborated by bulk-RNA-seq, which indicated significantly elevated mRNA expression levels of ARTN (1.93 vs. -0.09; p = 0.003) and CCL23 (1.50 vs. 0.12; p = 0.021) in the CR group. The Human Protein Atlas provided external support for our findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results suggest that ARTN and CCL23 may serve as biomarkers for predicting responsiveness to the \"7 + 3\" induction in untreated AML. Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to identify the roles of ARTN and CCL23 in predicting AML chemosensitivity may enhance clinical applicability in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":10468,"journal":{"name":"Clinical proteomics","volume":"22 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11749431/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143001371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medwakh smoking induces alterations in salivary proteins and cytokine expression: a clinical exploratory proteomics investigation.","authors":"K G Aghila Rani, Nelson C Soares, Betul Rahman, Alexander D Giddey, Hamza M Al-Hroub, Mohammad H Semreen, Sausan Al Kawas","doi":"10.1186/s12014-024-09520-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12014-024-09520-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Medwakh smoking has radically expanded among youth in the Middle East and around the world. The rising popularity of medwakh/dokha usage is linked to the onset of several chronic illnesses including cardiovascular diseases and cancers. Medwakh smoking is reported to increase the risk of inflammation in the lower respiratory tract owing to oxidative burden. To date, there are no reported studies investigating the impact of medwakh smoking on salivary protein profile. The current study aims to elucidate alterations in the salivary proteome profile of medwakh smokers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Saliva samples collected from 33 medwakh smokers and 30 non-smokers were subjected to proteomic analysis using UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS. Saliva samples were further subjected to validatory experiments involving analysis of inflammatory cytokine profile using LEGENDplex™ Human Essential Immune Response Panel.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Statistical analysis revealed alterations in the abundance of 74 key proteins including immune mediators and inflammatory markers in medwakh smokers (Accession: PXD045901). Proteins involved in building oxidative stress, alterations in cell anchorage, and cell metabolic processes were enhanced in medwakh smokers. Salivary immune response evaluation further validated the proteome findings, revealing significantly higher levels of IL-1β, IL-12p70, IL-23, IFN-γ (Th1 cytokines), IL-6 (Th2 cytokine), and MCP-1 (chemokine) in medwakh smokers. In addition, a substantial increase in abundance of involucrin suggesting a plausible stratified squamous cell differentiation and increased cell lysis in the oral cavity of medwakh smokers akin to chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD). The protein-metabolite joint pathway analysis further showed significantly enriched differentially expressed proteins and metabolites of glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, pentose phosphate, fructose and mannose, nicotinate and nicotinamide, and glutathione metabolism pathways among medwakh smokers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of the study provide valuable insights on potential perturbations in various key immune molecules, cytokines, and signaling pathways among medwakh smokers. Medwakh smokers displayed elevated inflammation, increased oxidative stress and defective antioxidant responses, dysregulated energy metabolism, and alterations in proteins related to cell adhesion, migration, differentiation, and proliferation. The findings of study underscore the urgent need for comprehensive public health interventions among youth by raising awareness, implementing effective smoking cessation programs, and promoting healthy lifestyle to safeguard the well-being of individuals and communities worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":10468,"journal":{"name":"Clinical proteomics","volume":"22 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11740365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143001374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}