Clinical ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Subconjunctival Sirolimus-Loaded Liposomes for the Treatment of Moderate-to-Severe Dry Eye Disease.","authors":"Alfredo Salcedo-Ledesma,&nbsp;Andrea Córdoba,&nbsp;Naomi C Zatarain-Barrón,&nbsp;Enrique O Graue-Hernández,&nbsp;Yonathan Garfias,&nbsp;Norma Morales Flores,&nbsp;Gustavo A García-Sánchez,&nbsp;Diego García-Santisteban,&nbsp;Mónica A Linares-Alba,&nbsp;Rodrigo García-Santisteban,&nbsp;Alejandro Navas","doi":"10.2147/OPTH.S405841","DOIUrl":"10.2147/OPTH.S405841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To determine the effectiveness of subconjunctival application of a novel sirolimus liposomal formulation for the treatment of dry eye.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A randomized, triple-blind, Phase II clinical trial. Thirty-eight eyes of 19 patients were included. Nine patients (18 eyes) assigned to the sham group (Sham) and 10 patients (20 eyes) to sirolimus-loaded liposomes group (Sirolimus). The treatment group received three doses of subconjunctival liposome-encapsulated sirolimus and the sham group received three doses of liposomal suspension without sirolimus. Subjective (Ocular Surface Disease Index, OSDI) and measured (corrected distance visual acuity, conjunctival hyperemia, tear osmolarity, Schirmer's test, corneal/conjunctival staining and matrix metalloproteinase-9) variables were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sirolimus-entrapped liposomes-treated group OSDI scores changed from 62.19 (± 6.07) to 37.8 (± 17.81) (p=0.0024), and conjunctival hyperemia from 2.0 (± 0.68) to 0.83 (± 0.61) (p<0.0001); Sham group with OSDI scores from 60.02 (± 14.2) to 36.02 (± 20.70) (p=0.01), and conjunctival hyperemia from 1.33 (± 0.68) to 0.94 (± 0.87) (p=0.048). All the other evaluated outcomes only showed significant differences in the sirolimus group: corneal/conjunctival staining score (p=0.0015), lipid layer interferometry (p=0.006), and inferior meibomian gland dropout (p=0.038). No local or systemic adverse effects regarding the medication itself were reported, and the administration route was well accepted.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that sub-conjunctival sirolimus-loaded liposomes are effective in reducing both signs and symptoms of dry eye in patients with poorly controlled moderate-to-severe DED, while avoiding other topical administration adverse effects. Further investigation with a larger sample size is required to determine long-term effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":10442,"journal":{"name":"Clinical ophthalmology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1295-1305"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7d/1b/opth-17-1295.PMC10167993.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9470354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Effectiveness of XEN 45 Gel-Stent in Open-Angle Glaucoma Patients.","authors":"Maria Teresa Marcos-Parra, Javier Alejandro Salinas-López, Carlos Mateos-Marcos, Lucia Moreno-Castro, Angi Lizbeth Mendoza-Moreira, Juan J Pérez-Santonja","doi":"10.2147/OPTH.S405821","DOIUrl":"10.2147/OPTH.S405821","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the effectiveness of XEN45, either alone or in combination with phacoemulsification, in open-angle glaucoma (OAG) patients in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective and single-center study conducted on OAG patients who underwent XEN45 implant, either alone or in combination with cataract surgery. We compared the clinical outcomes of the eyes of thosewho underwent XEN-solo versus those who underwent XEN+Phacoemulsification. The primary endpoint was the mean change in intraocular pressure (IOP) from baseline to the last follow-up visit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 154 eyes, 37 (24.0%) eyes that underwent XEN-solo and 117 (76.0%) eyes that underwent XEN+Phacoemulsification, were included. The mean preoperative IOP was significantly lowered from 19.1±5.0 mmHg to 14.9±3.8 mmHg at month-36, p<0.0001. Preoperative IOP was significantly lowered from 21.2±6.2 mmHg and 18.4±4.3 mmHg to 14.3±4.0 mm Hg and 15.2±3.7 mmHg at month-36 in the XEN-solo and XEN+Phacoemulsification groups, p<0.0004 and p=0.0009; with no significant differences between them. In the overall study population, the mean number of antiglaucoma medications was significantly reduced from 2.1±0.8 to 0.2±0.6, p<0.0001. There were no significant differences in the proportion of eyes with a final IOP ≤14 mmHg and ≤16 mmHg between XEN-solo and XEN+Phaco groups (p=0.8406 and 0.04970, respectively). Thirty-six (23.4%) eyes required a needling procedure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>XEN implant significantly lowered IOP and reduced the need of ocular hypotensive medication, while maintaining a good safety profile. Beyond week-1, there were no significant differences in IOP lowering between XEN-solo and XEN+Phacoemulsification groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":10442,"journal":{"name":"Clinical ophthalmology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1223-1232"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/38/04/opth-17-1223.PMC10149073.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9403753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Cryopreserved Amniotic Membrane During Pterygium Excision: Health Economic Analysis.","authors":"Neel R Desai, Bryan Adams","doi":"10.2147/OPTH.S396159","DOIUrl":"10.2147/OPTH.S396159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To determine the health economic opportunity cost or gain associated with performing pterygium excision surgery using the TissueTuck technique with cryopreserved amniotic membrane (AM) instead of conjunctival autograft (CAU).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a literature review to determine the average surgical duration of pterygium surgery using CAU with fibrin glue or sutures to calculate the average time saved with the TissueTuck technique. Such time savings was then used to determine the opportunity revenue gain per national average Medicare reimbursement if adjusted to the average surgical duration of cataract surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The time savings achieved using the TissueTuck technique over CAU with fibrin glue is 8.9 min per procedure, which can be applied to additional MSICS or phacoemulsification procedures to generate an opportunity revenue gain of $1167 or $762 per 2022 National Average Medicare reimbursement, respectively. After subtracting the current list cost of AmnioGraft (ie, $645), the opportunity gain is $522 or $117 if the time saving is applied to the above procedures, respectively. Alternatively, the time savings achieved by using the TissueTuck technique over CAU with sutures is 23.4 min per procedure, which can be applied to additional MSICS or phacoemulsification procedures to generate an opportunity revenue gain of $3068 and $2004 per TissueTuck procedure or $2423 or $1359 when accounting for the list cost of AmnioGraft, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The TissueTuck surgical technique using cryopreserved AM for pterygium takes less time, has lower recurrence rates, and provides an opportunity gain compared to pterygium excision with CAU.</p>","PeriodicalId":10442,"journal":{"name":"Clinical ophthalmology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1137-1146"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/61/ea/opth-17-1137.PMC10112346.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9442683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Posterior Vitreous Detachment and Its Role in the Evolution of Dry to Wet Age Related Macular Degeneration [Letter].","authors":"Sri Irmandha Kusumawardhani","doi":"10.2147/OPTH.S413232","DOIUrl":"10.2147/OPTH.S413232","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10442,"journal":{"name":"Clinical ophthalmology","volume":"17 ","pages":"991-992"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1c/8a/opth-17-991.PMC10065876.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9247200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic and Management Strategies of Bietti Crystalline Dystrophy: Current Perspectives.","authors":"Ali Osman Saatci, Ferdane Ataş, Gökhan Ozan Çetin, Mustafa Kayabaşı","doi":"10.2147/OPTH.S388292","DOIUrl":"10.2147/OPTH.S388292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bietti crystalline dystrophy (BCD) is a rare, genetically determined chorioretinal dystrophy presenting with intraretinal crystalline deposits and varying degrees of progressive chorioretinal atrophy commencing at the posterior pole. In some cases, there can be concomitant corneal crystals noted first in the superior or inferior limbus. <i>CYP4V2</i> gene, a member of the cytochrome P450 family is responsible for the disease and more than 100 mutations have been defined thus far. However, a genotype-phenotype correlation has not been established yet. Visual impairment commonly occurs between the second and third decades of life. By the fifth or sixth decade of life, vision loss can become so severe that the patient may potentially become legally blind. Multitudes of multimodal imaging modalities can be utilized to demonstrate the clinical features, course, and complications of the disease. This present review aims to reiterate the clinical features of BCD, update the clinical perspectives with the help of multimodal imaging techniques, and overview its genetic background with future therapeutic approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":10442,"journal":{"name":"Clinical ophthalmology","volume":"17 ","pages":"953-967"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f9/01/opth-17-953.PMC10046287.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9230520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraocular Lens Exchange: Indications, Comparative Outcomes by Technique, and Complications.","authors":"Veshesh Patel, Parastou Pakravan, James Lai, Arjun Watane, Divy Mehra, Tiffany Alyssa Eatz, Nimesh Patel, Nicolas A Yannuzzi, Jayanth Sridhar","doi":"10.2147/OPTH.S399857","DOIUrl":"10.2147/OPTH.S399857","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe the indications, outcomes, and complications associated with intraocular lens (IOL) exchange.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>To determine the relative frequency of postoperative complications between techniques for all patients undergoing IOL exchange from May 1, 2014 through August 31, 2020.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IOL exchange was performed in 511 eyes of 489 patients (59.7% men; mean age: 67.0 ± 13.9 years, median time from cataract procedure to IOL exchange: 47.5 months). Mean uncorrected visual acuity significantly improved from 20/192 Snellen equivalent (logMAR 0.981) preoperatively to 20/61 (logMAR 0.487) at last follow-up (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Overall, 384 eyes (78.7%) met their desired refractive outcome within ±1.0 diopter (D). The most frequent complication was cystoid macular edema (CME) (n=39, 7.6%). Iris-sutured technique was associated with significantly greater frequency of subsequent IOL dislocation (10.3%) than 4-point scleral sutured (0%, <i>P</i> = 0.002), anterior chamber IOL (ACIOL, 1.5%, <i>P</i> = 0.01), and 2-point scleral sutured (0%, <i>P</i> = 0.03) techniques. Yamane scleral-fixation technique was associated with significantly greater frequency of developing IOL tilt (11.8%) than ACIOL (0%, <i>P</i> = 0.002), 4-point scleral sutured (1.1%, <i>P</i> = 0.01), 2-point scleral sutured (0%, <i>P</i> = 0.04), and iris-sutured (0%, <i>P</i> = 0.04) techniques.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IOL exchange significantly improved uncorrected visual acuity and more than three-quarters of eyes met the refractive goal. Certain techniques were associated with complications, including subsequent dislocation associated with iris-sutured technique and IOL tilt associated with Yamane scleral-fixation technique. This information may help guide surgeons in deciding between procedural techniques for individual patients during IOL exchange preoperative planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":10442,"journal":{"name":"Clinical ophthalmology","volume":"17 ","pages":"941-951"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b3/aa/opth-17-941.PMC10041992.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9213771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Factors Associated with Suicidal Ideation Among Older People with Visual Impairments Attending an Eye Center During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Pankaew Tantirattanakulchai, Nuchanad Hounnaklang, Pear Ferreira Pongsachareonnont, Bharkbhum Khambhiphant, Nanda Win, Suchon Tepjan","doi":"10.2147/OPTH.S403003","DOIUrl":"10.2147/OPTH.S403003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the prevalence of suicidal ideation and associated factors among older people with visual impairments attending an eye center during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A total of 314 older people aged 60 and above with visual impairments who attended an eye center were included in this study. This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted from February to July, 2022. Data were collected in person. Suicidal ideation was measured using the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to explore associations between related factors and suicidal ideation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 314 older people with visual impairments, the prevalence of suicidal ideation was 32.5%. Suicidal ideation was independently associated with diabetic retinopathy (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=2.4, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0-5.8; p=0.038) and depression (AOR=6.3, 95% CI: 3.5-11.2; p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study found a relatively high prevalence of suicidal ideation among older people with visual impairments. There was also a significant association between depression and suicidal ideation among these individuals. Visual impairments can lead to negative émotions. This underscores the importance of addressing the mental health needs of older individuals with visual impairments, including suicide prevention efforts tailored to their needs. Ophthalmologists should be equipped with the skills necessary to identify the early signs of suicidal ideation and refer patients to mental healthcare specialists for appropriate treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":10442,"journal":{"name":"Clinical ophthalmology","volume":"17 ","pages":"917-930"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f8/35/opth-17-917.PMC10035352.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9187310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peripapillary and Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness in Retinal Vein Occlusions [Response to Letter].","authors":"Ana Filipa Moleiro, Gonçalo Godinho, Carolina Madeira, Ana Faria Pereira, Elisete Brandão, Fernando Falcão-Reis, João Nuno Beato, Susana Penas","doi":"10.2147/OPTH.S409948","DOIUrl":"10.2147/OPTH.S409948","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10442,"journal":{"name":"Clinical ophthalmology","volume":"17 ","pages":"817-818"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/99/16/opth-17-817.PMC10013584.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9132701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of Medical and Surgical Management in Aqueous Misdirection Syndrome.","authors":"Reham Dakam AlQahtani, Adi Mohammed Al Owaifeer, Sami AlShahwan, Khawlah AlZaben, Raghad AlMansour","doi":"10.2147/OPTH.S385864","DOIUrl":"10.2147/OPTH.S385864","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report the outcomes of medical and surgical management in patients diagnosed with aqueous misdirection syndrome (AMS).</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A retrospective chart review of all cases diagnosed with AMS at a single tertiary care eye center during the period from 2014 to 2021. Outcome measures were anatomical success (deepening of the anterior chamber (AC)), functional success (improvement in visual acuity), and treatment success (control of intraocular pressure (IOP)).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 26 eyes with AMS from 24 patients were included. The patients were followed for a mean duration of 24 ± 18 months. Although some patients initially responded to medical and laser therapy, all but one (3.8%) eventually required surgery during the first 3 months after presentation. The mean duration from presentation until surgery was 45.9 ± 45.8 days (range: 2-119 days). The majority of cases (69.2%) were managed by pars plana vitrectomy. At the last follow-up visit, anatomical success was achieved in 20 (76%) eyes, 15 (57%) eyes had a final visual acuity that was either similar to or better than baseline, and successful control of IOP was achieved in 17 (65%) eyes. Univariate analysis revealed that a history of trabeculectomy as a cause of AMS was a risk factor for treatment failure (OR, 7.8; 95% CI, 1.16-52.35; P, 0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicate that medical and laser management of AMS provide temporary control, and almost all patients eventually require surgery within the first 3 months. A history of trabeculectomy was found to be a risk factor for treatment failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":10442,"journal":{"name":"Clinical ophthalmology","volume":"17 ","pages":"797-806"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4a/ff/opth-17-797.PMC10010933.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9138632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 on Depressive Symptoms Among Patients with Low Vision and Blindness.","authors":"Pankaew Tantirattanakulchai, Nuchanad Hounnaklang, Pear Ferreira Pongsachareonnont, Bharkbhum Khambhiphant, Suwanchai Hounnaklang, Nanda Win, Suchon Tepjan","doi":"10.2147/OPTH.S401714","DOIUrl":"10.2147/OPTH.S401714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Disability is globally recognized as a key cause of depression. Likewise, the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly increased the vulnerability of patients with low vision to health and health-related issues, especially mental health. This study aimed to examine the association between the impact of COVID-19 and depressive symptoms in patients with low vision and blindness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted between February and July 2022 and involved face-to-face interviews. Patients with low vision and blindness diagnosed with depression were excluded. The following items were included in the questionnaire: sociodemographic information, Multi-Dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), the impact of COVID-19, and The Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D). Hierarchical linear regression analysis was used to examine the association between the impact of COVID-19 and depression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of depression among patients with low vision and blindness was 43.0%. Three factors were associated with depressive symptoms: compliance with COVID-19 prevention strategies (β = 0.16, p<0.01), anxiety during COVID-19 (β = 0.24, p<0.001), and social support (β = -0.16, p<0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings indicated that COVID-19 significantly increased depressive symptoms among patients with low vision and blindness. The psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have been considered critical and emergent public health issues. Stakeholders, particularly public health organizations, need to urgently implement preventive and protective measures to help patients with physical and mental disabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":10442,"journal":{"name":"Clinical ophthalmology","volume":"17 ","pages":"789-796"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ff/0f/opth-17-789.PMC10008418.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9475194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}