Luai Abu-Ismail, Mohammad T Abuawwad, Mohammad J Taha, Almu'atasim Khamees, Dima Y Abu Ismail, Mohammad Sanwar, Yaqeen Al-Bustanji, Abdulqadir Nashwan, Omran Hamdan Alameri, Hamzeh Mohammad Alrawashdeh, Hashem Abu Serhan, Jocob Abu-Ismail
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The questionnaire, which was shared via social media platforms, assessed socio-demographics, caffeine consumption amounts and patterns, sleep quality, and the use of electronic devices and their relation to ocular discomfort, DED, and related symptoms. The ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire was also administered to quantify the symptoms of DED.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1223 students participated in this study (RR=24.46%); 64% were females, and 43% were in their clinical placement years. Of the participants, 317 (25.92%) had normal eyes, and 906 (74.08%) had symptomatic DED. Of the students, 1206 (98.6%) used electronic devices directly before bed, and only 399 (32.62%) used blue-light-protective glasses. Lower DED risk was linked to male gender (OR=0.535, 95% CI 0.392-0.73, p <0.01), clinical years of medical school (OR=0.564, 95% CI 0.424-0.75, p<0.01). Poor sleep quality corresponded to more incidence of DED, regardless of sleeping for 5-6 hours (OR=3.046, 95% CI 1.299-7.139, p=0.01) or for less than 5 hours (OR=3.942, 95% CI 1.824-8.519, p<0.01). Also, caffeine consumption only marginally affected its incidence, but the results were statistically insignificant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Female gender, basic science years, and spending more than 6 hours looking at screens were significantly associated with symptomatic DED. 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Of the participants, 317 (25.92%) had normal eyes, and 906 (74.08%) had symptomatic DED. Of the students, 1206 (98.6%) used electronic devices directly before bed, and only 399 (32.62%) used blue-light-protective glasses. Lower DED risk was linked to male gender (OR=0.535, 95% CI 0.392-0.73, p <0.01), clinical years of medical school (OR=0.564, 95% CI 0.424-0.75, p<0.01). Poor sleep quality corresponded to more incidence of DED, regardless of sleeping for 5-6 hours (OR=3.046, 95% CI 1.299-7.139, p=0.01) or for less than 5 hours (OR=3.942, 95% CI 1.824-8.519, p<0.01). Also, caffeine consumption only marginally affected its incidence, but the results were statistically insignificant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Female gender, basic science years, and spending more than 6 hours looking at screens were significantly associated with symptomatic DED. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
干眼病(Dry eye disease, DED)是一种常见的多因素眼表疾病，可引起患者视觉障碍和不适。医学生的患病率是一个需要考虑的重要问题。本研究调查了在约旦方便的医科学生样本中咖啡因摄入、睡眠习惯、电子设备使用和DED之间的关系。方法:这项横断面在线调查招募了来自约旦所有六所医学院的医学生。该问卷通过社交媒体平台共享，评估了社会人口统计学、咖啡因摄入量和模式、睡眠质量、电子设备的使用及其与眼部不适、DED和相关症状的关系。用眼表疾病指数(OSDI)问卷来量化DED的症状。结果:共有1223名学生参与本研究(RR=24.46%);其中64%为女性，43%处于临床实习阶段。其中317例(25.92%)眼睛正常，906例(74.08%)有症状性DED。1206名(98.6%)学生睡前直接使用电子设备，399名(32.62%)学生睡前使用防蓝光眼镜。较低的DED风险与男性性别相关(OR=0.535, 95% CI 0.392-0.73, p)。结论:女性、基础科学年限、看屏幕时间超过6小时与症状性DED显著相关。咖啡因摄入对DED的发病率没有任何显著的风险。
Prevalence of Dry Eye Disease Among Medical Students and Its Association with Sleep Habits, Use of Electronic Devices and Caffeine Consumption: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire.
Introduction: Dry eye disease (DED) is a common and multifactorial disease of the ocular surface which causes visual disturbance and feelings of discomfort among patients. The prevalence rate among medical students is an important issue to consider. This study investigates the relationship between caffeine consumption, sleeping habits, use of electronic devices, and DED among a convenient sample of medical students in Jordan.
Methods: This cross-sectional online survey enrolled medical students from all six medical schools in Jordan. The questionnaire, which was shared via social media platforms, assessed socio-demographics, caffeine consumption amounts and patterns, sleep quality, and the use of electronic devices and their relation to ocular discomfort, DED, and related symptoms. The ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire was also administered to quantify the symptoms of DED.
Results: A total of 1223 students participated in this study (RR=24.46%); 64% were females, and 43% were in their clinical placement years. Of the participants, 317 (25.92%) had normal eyes, and 906 (74.08%) had symptomatic DED. Of the students, 1206 (98.6%) used electronic devices directly before bed, and only 399 (32.62%) used blue-light-protective glasses. Lower DED risk was linked to male gender (OR=0.535, 95% CI 0.392-0.73, p <0.01), clinical years of medical school (OR=0.564, 95% CI 0.424-0.75, p<0.01). Poor sleep quality corresponded to more incidence of DED, regardless of sleeping for 5-6 hours (OR=3.046, 95% CI 1.299-7.139, p=0.01) or for less than 5 hours (OR=3.942, 95% CI 1.824-8.519, p<0.01). Also, caffeine consumption only marginally affected its incidence, but the results were statistically insignificant.
Conclusion: Female gender, basic science years, and spending more than 6 hours looking at screens were significantly associated with symptomatic DED. Caffeine consumption did not pose any significant risk to the incidence of DED.
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