Open Access Journal of Veterinary Science & Research最新文献

{"title":"Therapeutic Prospective of Stem Cells in Veterinary Practice","authors":"S. Hm","doi":"10.23880/oajvsr-16000179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajvsr-16000179","url":null,"abstract":"Therapeutic application of stem cell in veterinary medicine continues to develop rapidly both experimentally and clinically. Identification and isolation of multi - potential capability of stem cells from different sources of animal tissues and testing their efficacy to use in regenerative medicine are the novel trend in tissue engineering. Several animal models are being using for preclinical evaluation of stem cell applications in human and animal in areas such as spinal cord injury, cartilage defects, ligament defect and myocardial infarction. Today, numerous veterinary diseases are being treating with the administration of stem cells. However, these applicati ons have not been implemented well, to overcome the challenges faced by the clinicians. Further, with the limited data the therapeutic role of stem cells in regenerative medicine is not fully understood. This review will emphasize the application of stem c ell therapy in veterinary medicine offering a safe and clinically effective tool for the clinician to assist treatment of the animal.","PeriodicalId":104363,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Veterinary Science & Research","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121644926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paradigm Shift on Euthanasia: Needed to Reduce Angst, Guilt & Suicide","authors":"A. Villalobos","doi":"10.23880/oajvsr-16000211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajvsr-16000211","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":104363,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Veterinary Science & Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128000791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"West Nile Virus: Measures against Emergence in Malaysia","authors":"Y. Ar","doi":"10.23880/oajvsr-16000170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajvsr-16000170","url":null,"abstract":"West Nile virus has a potential to emerge in new areas and cause large epidemics as was witnessed in the United States following its introduction in 1999. The virus is now a global public health threat, having been detected on every continent except Antarc tica. Once restricted to Africa, its expansion beyond its natural habitat is related to some viral, vectoral, anthropologic and environmental factors. The successful establishment and spread of the virus depend in part on viral adaptations, availability of competent hosts and mosquito vectors and suitable environmental conditions. A combination of measures can be applied to minimise the likelihood of a WN virus epidemic. Available vaccines are only for veterinary use, human vaccines are still in development . Vector control, animal vaccination, targeted surveillance and strong cooperation between relevant authorities are important in preventing a WN virus epidemic in Malaysia.","PeriodicalId":104363,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Veterinary Science & Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132017356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acupuncture as a Modality for Treating Anxiety Related Disorders in Canines","authors":"Kontogianis K","doi":"10.23880/oajvsr-16000184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajvsr-16000184","url":null,"abstract":"Canine anxiety is a common behavior disorder that may manifest as aggression or violent behaviors and often culminates in animal surrenders. While there are sc ientifically supported behavior protocols available today, behavior problems are still a major concern for many dog owners. Thus, this case study series sought to explore an additional potential treatment modality, acupuncture. Four case reports were completed; they included two client - owned dogs and two shelter dogs. All dogs presented because of anxiety and aggression. Questionnaires completed by the pet owner throughout the study, heart rates before and after treatment, and researchers’ observations were used to compare the dog’s pre - and post - acupuncture behaviors. While the client - owned dogs were reported to have decreased anxiety and aggression, the shelter dogs were reported to have very little to no improvement in anxiety or aggression. This study was limited by the small sample size, the subjective nature of the data collected, the lack of a control group and the lack of blinding. Further research is needed to determine if acupuncture has significant therapeutic potential for canine anxiety; ideally, future studies would include a larger sample size and quantifiable data such as blood serotonin measures, endogenous opioid levels, or cortisol measures. Alternatively, future studies may include a contro l group and double blinded design.","PeriodicalId":104363,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Veterinary Science & Research","volume":"34 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114018184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant Potential of Ferulic Acid on the Freezability of Bull Semen","authors":"Omur Ad","doi":"10.23880/oajvsr-16000187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajvsr-16000187","url":null,"abstract":"Ejaculates were collected twice a week from the bulls, via an artificial vagina, during two weeks. The suitable ejaculates obtained for sperm density (≥ 1.4 × 10 9 spermatoz oa / ml) and for motility (≥ 75%) were used for dilution and freezing of semen. A Tris - based extender (Tris 297.58mM, citric acid 96.32mM, fructose 82.66mM, egg yolk 15% (v/v), glycerol 5% (v/v), gentamicin 0.1 ml / 100ml, pH 6.8 - 7.0) was used as the base extender (cryopreservation diluent). Pooled ejaculate was split into 2 equal aliquots and diluted at 32 °C with base extender containing ferulic acid (100 μM) and no antioxidant (control), respectively. Each aliquot was diluted to a final semen concentrati on of approximately 1.2 × 10 8 sperm/ml (single step dilution), in 15 - ml polypropylene centrifuge tubes. After dilution, semen samples were kept at room temperature for 10 minutes then, the diluted semen samples were aspirated into 0.25 ml French straws, seal ed with polyvinyl alcohol powder and equilibrated at 5 °C for 3 h. After equilibration, the straws were frozen in liquid nitrogen vapour (4 cm above the liquid nitrogen, ~ - 100 o C ) for 10 min and then plunged into liquid nitrogen for storage, - 196 o C . In the study, sperm samples containing antioxidant and non - antioxidant were evaluated for spermatozoa motility and membrane integrity after freezing / thawing. In the present study, no statistically significant difference was found between the control and experim ental groups for motility and membrane integrity after freeze - thawing. The application consisted of 4 replications.","PeriodicalId":104363,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Veterinary Science & Research","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129514519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Husbandry and Management System on Sudan Desert Sheep Leather Production and Quality","authors":"Ebrahiem Ma","doi":"10.23880/oajvsr-16000175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajvsr-16000175","url":null,"abstract":"This trail is aimed to demonstrate the effect of husbandry and management system on Sudan desert sheep performance and skin quality. For this purpose a questionnaire was designed and distributed randomly for 20 sheep breeders in each of the five chosen sheep breed area’s (Total of 100 ques.). The questionnaire include beside the personal data, twenty two (22) questions mainly about; system of feeding and application methods in each season, husbandry systems in each season , the main effective treatments on skins quality and common skin diseases and external parasites. The results revealed that, most of Sudan desert sheep owners or breeders were illiterate and most of them were herder 48.0%, while 37.5% were herder and farmer at the same time. All respondents confirmed that the open system depending on natural grazing was the main h usbandry and management system in all study target area. In autumn sheep depends totally on natural pasture grazing, while in winter sheep partly fed on natural grazing and the breeders complete it's feeding depending on the litter that remained from food crops after harvesting. Sudan desert sheep breeder in summer are using their stock of forage hay that collected either during the rainy season from good growing autumn pastures or from agricultural byproducts such as sorghum and sesame straw or groundnut r esiduals. The additional diets is varies by the variation of Sudan desert sheep locations. sometimes when forage are limited and for marketing purposes Sudan desert sheep breeders adding little amount or uncountable amount of sorghum grains, cotton seed ca kes, groundnut seed cake as finisher diet concentrate beside agricultural byproducts such as groundnut byproduct hay, sorghum byproduct hay and sesame byproduct hay for the herd that offered for sale or for fleshing or steaming up ewes during lambing seaso n. Branding is the most common and known damage in skins generally. Also some animal breeder's belief that by means of hot iron branding some animals may acquire immunity against certain diseases. The respondents attributed causes of mechanical damages of skins of animals on range land mainly to the domination of thorny bushes and grass with hairy and spiny seeds in pastures. External parasites and skin diseases cause most of skins damages and wastages in Sudan generally. Sheep pox spreads on sheep skins wi th high rates (88%). On the other hand, mange are resulting in (8%) of sheep skins infections. However, ticks infect most of sheep skins (80%), when Lice infection estimated at 20% of sheep skins.","PeriodicalId":104363,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Veterinary Science & Research","volume":"2021 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127189024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Haemoparasitosis in Village Chickens (Gallus Gallus Domesticus) in Gombe State, Nigeria","authors":"Lawal Jr","doi":"10.23880/oajvsr-16000190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajvsr-16000190","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted between November, 2016 and September, 2017, aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with haemoparasitosis in village chickens in Gombe State, Nige ria. Blood samples were collected from a total of 1820 village chickens and Giemsa stained thin blood smears were microscopically examined for the presence of haemoparasites. Results revealed an overall prevalence of 19.6% of three genera of avian haemopar asites in a single and mixed infection. Amongst the haemoparasites encountered, Plasmodium (13.9%) was the most prevalent followed by Haemoproteus (2.6%) and Leucocytozoon (0.4%) in single infection, while the prevalence of mixed infection with Plasmodium + Haemoproteus was 2.6%. Higher prevalence rates were recorded in cocks (28.5%) compared to hens (8.9%), as well as in adults (23.0%) compared to the growers (11.0%) village chickens. The prevalence rates was found to be higher in the rainy (39.3%) compare d to cold dry (12.5%) and hot dry (7.7%) seasons of the study period. The difference in prevalence of haemoparasites among sex, age groups, and season was statistically significant (<0.0001). In conclusion, haemoparasites exist among village chickens flock s in Gombe State, Nigeria probably due to the presence of vectors and inadequate practice of biosecurity measures. It is therefore, recommended that awareness should be created on the prevalence of haemoparasites, further researches involving molecular cha racterization of haemoparasites should be carried out and village chicken farmers should be educated on the need for maintenance proper biosecurity measures on their farms.","PeriodicalId":104363,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Veterinary Science & Research","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124072536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Alterations in Uterine Blood Flow using Doppler Ultrasonography in Pregnant, Genotyped Beef Cows and Heifers Consuming Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue Seeds and Supplemented with Rumen-Protected Niacin","authors":"S. Moisá","doi":"10.23880/oajvsr-16000207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajvsr-16000207","url":null,"abstract":"Fescue toxicity is a nutritional-related disease generated in a forage-based beef herd exposed to ergot alkaloids (i.e. ergovaline) present in endophyte-infected tall fescue that produces important economic losses. The combination of a genetic test for susceptibility to fescue toxicity and supplementation with rumen-protected niacin could potentially reduce the toxic effects of ergovaline on beef cow and heifers’ reproductive performance during mid-gestation by improving uterine blood flow. Our main objective was to use color Doppler ultrasonography to evaluate the occurrence of any alteration in uterine arterial blood flow in pregnant, genotyped beef cows and heifers exposed to endophyte-infected tall fescue seeds and supplemented with rumen-protected niacin. We hypothesize that genetically-tested susceptible control beef cows will have narrower uterine arteries and decrease blood flow as compared to tolerant cows that received rumen-protected niacin. Rumen-protected niacin was selected for this study due to its well-known effect as a vasodilator. Therefore, it might help cope with blood vessel constriction generated by ergovaline present in endophyte-infected tall fescue seeds. Results showed the negative effect of exposure to ergovaline in the uterine blood flow of pregnant beef cattle through an increase in the resistivity index. No Doppler parameters detected positive effects of genetic and nutritional treatments.","PeriodicalId":104363,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Veterinary Science & Research","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127764373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jumping of Camelid Coronavirus in Bovines: A Report from Rural Area of Haryana, India","authors":"M. Prasad","doi":"10.23880/oajvsr-16000183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajvsr-16000183","url":null,"abstract":"Bovine coronaviruses (BCoVs) are generally species specific, but cross species transmission has been demonstrated experimentally. Several examples have represented the infection of humans by coronavirus. Most of the coronaviruses are found in domestic as well as wild animals, and it is possible that they arose in human population though zoonotic transmission. In the present study, we evaluated presence of bovine corona virus (BCoV) in bovine fecal samples and reported the infection using RT - PCR assay. BCoV was detected using trans - membrane (M) gene specific RT - PCR with 523 bp amplicon size. A total three hundred thirteen (313) bovine fecal samples were collected for the present study. Out of 313 buffalo fecal samples, 31 buffalo were found infected with coronavirus by RT - PCR assay. The results suggest that RT - PCR is sensitive and specific method to detect BCoV, especially in subclinical cases. These results were further c onfirmed by sequencing of PCR products. The phylogenetic analysis showed that BCoV strains ABT/16/BF/Bocv183, ABT/BF/16/Bocv164 and ABT/BF/16/Bocv86 have close association with bovine strains from USA and Japan. However, ABT/BF/16/Bocv167 strain formed a s eparate clad along with camelid coronavirus strains and revealed the cross species transmission from camel to bovine. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of interspecies transmission of coronavirus form camel to bovine.","PeriodicalId":104363,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Veterinary Science & Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130626080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melatonin Effect on Cryopreserved Sperm Cells of Crioulo Stallions","authors":"Eraldo L Zanella","doi":"10.23880/oajvsr-16000202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajvsr-16000202","url":null,"abstract":"The freezing/thawing process of spermatozoa can cause cellular damage to the male gamete, decreasing the fertilization potential due to the increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Melatonin is a potent endogenous antioxidant that protects the body against the damage caused by ROS. This study has evaluated different melatonin concentrations on the sperm viability of cryopreserved semen of Crioulo stallions. For that, three ejaculates were collected from five stallions diluted in a commercial extender followed by centrifugation and resuspension in a commercial freezing extender supplemented with 0; 1.25; 2.5. 5mM of Melatonin before the cryopreservation process. After thawing, the evaluation was performed assessing motility and flow cytometry evaluations: the plasma membrane integrity (PI), the integrity of the acrosomal membrane (FITC-PNA), mitochondrial membrane potential (JC1), and ROS generation (DCF-DA). Our results showed that sperm motility in the group without Melatonin and the 1.25mM group did not show the difference; however, the groups 2.5mM and 5mM presented a reduction in sperm motility. The 1.25 mM concentration was able to protect the plasma membrane during the cryopreservation process, in addition to showing a significant reduction in the production of ROS and increasing the percentage of sperm with integral acrosome. It can also be seen that high concentrations of Melatonin did not show beneficial effects. In conclusion, the addition of 1.25 mM of the Melatonin in Crioulo sperm cells showed to have a protective effect on the sperm cell during cryopreservation.","PeriodicalId":104363,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Veterinary Science & Research","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123844816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}