Clinical Case Studies and Reports最新文献

{"title":"Profiles of bacteria isolates and their antimicrobial resistance pattern among housemaids working in communal living residences in Jimma City, Ethiopia","authors":"Tadele Shiwito Ango, Tizita Teshome, Tesfalem Getahun, G. Mamo, Negalgn Byadgie","doi":"10.1101/2023.03.23.23287624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.03.23.23287624","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Bacterial pathogens continued to be the major causes of foodborne gastroenteritis in humans and remained public health important pathogens across the globe. As regards, housemaids operating inside a kitchen could be the source of infection and may transmit disease-inflicting pathogens through infected hands. Profiles of bacteria isolates and their antimicrobial resistance patterns among housemaids employed in dwellings in Ethiopia; particularly in the study area havent been underexplored yet. Objective: A study aimed to assess the profiles of bacteria isolates and antimicrobial resistance patterns among housemaids working in communal living residences in Jimma City, Ethiopia. Methods: Laboratory-based cross-sectional study design was employed among 230 housemaids from April-June 2022. Hand swabs samples from the dominant hand of the study participants were collected under sterile conditions for the segregation of commensal microbes following standard operating procedures. Then in the laboratory, the swabs were inoculated aseptically using streak-plating methods on mannitol salt agar, MacConkey agar, Salmonella-shigella agar, and Eosin Methylene Blue Agar. Then inoculated samples were incubated at 37{degrees}C for 24 hours for bacterial isolation. In addition, a set of biochemical tests was applied to examine bacterial species. Data was entered into Epidata version 3.1. All statistics were performed using SPSS(R) statistics version 26. Descriptive analyses were summarized using frequency and percentage. Results: The response rate of respondents was 97.8%. The prevalence of bacterial contaminants in the hands of housemaids who tested positive was 72% (95%CI: 66.2-77.8%). The isolated bacterial were Staphylococcus aureus (31.8%), Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci (0.9%), Escherichia coli (21.5%), Salmonella (1.3%), Shigella (6.7%), Klebsiella species (23.3%) and Proteus species (14.8%). The isolation rate of bacteria was significantly associated with the removal watch, ring, and bracelet during hand washing. Most isolated bacteria were sensitive to Chloramphenicol while the majority of them were resistant to Tetracycline, Gentamycin, Vancomycin, and Ceftazidime. Conclusions: Hands of housemaids are important potential sources of disease-causing bacterial pathogens that would result in the potential risk of foodborne diseases. Most isolated bacteria were resistant to tested antimicrobial drugs. Everybody responsible should work practice of good hand hygiene.","PeriodicalId":10345,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Case Studies and Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84291769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Descriptive Research Study of the Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFIs) Surveillance System in Zimbabwe","authors":"Priscilla PM Nyambayo, Rumbidzai Manyevere, Libert Chirinda, Edlyne N Zifamba, Steny F Marekera, Tatenda Nyamandi, U. Mehta, Michael S. Gold","doi":"10.59657/2837-2565.brs.23.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59657/2837-2565.brs.23.023","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Functional national systems that monitor Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFIs) are vital for implementing evidence-based vaccination policy while ensuring the safe access to these life-saving technologies. These systems can counteract vaccine hesitancy by increasing public trust and uptake in vaccination minimizing the burden of vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs). Ensuring that these systems function optimally is a critical public health imperative. This is a novel study evaluating AEFI surveillance system including causality assessment, in Zimbabwe. This study provides a review of Zimbabwe’s national AEFI surveillance system since its launch in 1998, highlighting strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities for improvement. Materials and Methods: We conducted an in-depth analysis of all AEFI reports received until 2021, assessing reporting trends and overall performance of the AEFI system in terms of investigation, causality assessment. The WHO Global Benchmarking Tool (GBT) was used to assess regulatory performance in terms of AEFI surveillance. Duplications were excluded and reports with evidence of AEFI(s) after vaccination were included by examining the WHO 25 AEFI form core variables. Results: There was a steady increase of AEFI reports per annum particularly from 2006 to 2021 with a more dramatic increase during the COVID-19 epidemic with an AEFI reporting ratio of 43.46/million adults for COVID-19 vaccinations in 2021. The reporting ratio exceeded the WHO recommended minimum AEFI reporting ratio of 10 per 100000 surviving infants during eleven years (47.84%) out of the twenty-three years since inception of the surveillance. The GBT assessment demonstrated that the AEFI surveillance system evolved for all manufacturers or license holders. Conclusion: Close partnership between the immunization program and regulatory authority has enhanced AEFI surveillance in Zimbabwe. Incomplete AEFI case investigations for and timely AEFI detection are challenges that need to be addressed. System strengthening should include consideration of digital innovations to improve detection, optimizing case investigation of serious AEFI including post-mortems and utilizing VigiPoint disproportionate analysis for signal detection.","PeriodicalId":10345,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Case Studies and Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75188397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gluteal Diclofenac Injection Lesion Can Mimic an Abscess on MRI","authors":"Makgabo John Tladi","doi":"10.59657/2837-2565.brs.23.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59657/2837-2565.brs.23.019","url":null,"abstract":"Intramuscular diclofenac injection is commonly used for pain management. Case reports have shown that after injection of diclofenac, local complications can occur but still underestimated. Acute muscle trauma can be found at the injection site. Limited studies have dealt with muscular radiological findings after diclofenac injection. This is a case report of an incidental gluteal lesion that was suggestive of an abscess on MRI following diclofenac intramuscular injection.","PeriodicalId":10345,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Case Studies and Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87739970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role Of Hypertension and Obesity as Risk Factors for Ihd","authors":"Mohammad Mujtaba Ghaffari, Abdul Samad Ahmadi, Kyat Biandivich Abzaliev, Aida Akhenbaeva, N. Glushkova","doi":"10.59657/2837-2565.brs.23.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59657/2837-2565.brs.23.020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hypertension and obesity are two major modifiable risk factors for CAD, most of the time there will be more than two risk factors in an IHD. Obesity itself cause insulin resistance to initiate type -2 DM. is the most common and significant RFs for IHD, and proper BP management is the cornerstone of both direct and indirect prevention. Overweight and obesity account for more than 80% of CHD patients. Obesity is sometimes viewed as a \"minor\" CHD RF; however, it is a widely effective risk-factor approach. A range of \"major\" risk factors have been proven to be significantly influenced by weight loss, including HTN, hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance/T2DM. Aim: To assess arterial hypertension and obesity as risk factors of IHD. Methods: This cross-sectional study which was done retrospectively by collecting data from database of \"Scientific Research Institute of Cardiology and Internal Diseases\" Almaty city, Kazakhstan during 2020. IHD confirmed by history, physical exam, angiography and other lab findings. Result: The research involved a total of 649 participants. The mean age of study population was 64.2±9.24 (P = 0,000). Mean of SBP and DBP were 180.73±34.9; 99.48±14.28 mmHg respectively. Number of females with normal BMI 50(21.6%), overweight 93(40.10%), obesity class – 1, 59(25.4%), obesity class – 2, 23(9.90%) and obesity class – 3, 7(3%), (P = 0.486). Number of males with underweight BMI 1(0.20%), normal BMI 96(23%), overweight 190(45.6%), obesity class – 1, 89(21.3%), obesity class – 2, 29(7%) and obesity class – 3, 12(2.9%). (P = 0.486). The Mean BMI in both genders was (28.72±11.79). Conclusion: The burden of CVDs and their related risk factors are significant in Almaty, posing a major public health concern. For accurate management and implementation of preventive measures in this area, effective strategies in management, education, and healthcare centers are needed.","PeriodicalId":10345,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Case Studies and Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75790411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report: Painless Compartment Syndrome","authors":"A. Shpigelman, D. Maman, Fadi Khalil Hanna, Jeries Hakim, Dimitri Vodovozov, B. Bernfeld","doi":"10.59657/2837-2565.brs.23.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59657/2837-2565.brs.23.018","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is a surgical emergency that requires urgent intervention in order to prevent permanent structural damage and irreversible functional disability. The diagnosis of ACS depends on a high index of suspicion, relying on the following diagnostic criteria commonly known as the 5 Ps; Pain, Paresthesia, Paralysis, Pallor, and Pulse-lessness. When the diagnosis is uncertain, intracompartmental pressure greater than 30 mmHg is suggestive of ACS. Case Presentation: We report a case of an underdiagnosed ACS, with a lack of classical presentation in a thirty-seven-years-old male patient with a history of myopathy. The patient was admitted to the emergency room due to direct trauma to his right hip, without a significant Visual Analogue Score. On his hip radiograph a subtrochanteric fracture of the right femur was demonstrated. An additional masked ipsilateral subcapital fracture was detected during the operation. The diagnosis of ACS was made during the operation while relying on the clinical appearance of the thigh and the clinical findings during surgery. Fasciotomies were performed, and open reduction with internal fixation via Proximal Femoral Nail was done. The diagnosis of ACS was confirmed later on, by the biopsy results. Conclusion: This case suggests that myopathy can mask the classical presentation of ACS. Furthermore, the extent of pain complaints and accompanying paresthesia cannot be relied on in this regard and other clinical features should be considered in order to diagnose ACS.","PeriodicalId":10345,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Case Studies and Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91424269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addition of Baricitinib to Usual Therapeutic Regimen in Hospitalized Patients with Severe Covid-19: A Prospective Cohort Study","authors":"Nikolaos Kintrilis, Anthi Psarra, Charilaos P. Gkinos, Iosif Galinos","doi":"10.59657/2837-2565.brs.23.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59657/2837-2565.brs.23.015","url":null,"abstract":"Background-Purpose: The ongoing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has affected our everyday lives for the last three years, leading to in numerous patient hospitalizations all over the world and a plethora of therapeutic interventions being implemented in an effort to combat the disease. Baricitinib is an oral selective Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor approved for the treatment of rheumatic disease that was hypothesized to bear positive effect on the more severe forms of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) based on its antiviral and anti-cytokine properties. The purpose of the current prospective cohort study was to study the effect of adding baricitinib to the usual drug regimen of patients hospitalized with severe COVID-19 in the infectious disease unit of a third-level hospital. Patients-Methods: The current prospective cohort study was conducted at the Infectious Disease Unit of the 401 General Military Hospital of Athens, recruiting a total of 74 patients who were hospitalized with severe COVID-19 based on the COVID-19 severity index. Relevant demographic data, personal and family medical history and turnout of the cases was documented. Laboratory examinations as well as arterial blood gases (ABGs) were recorded and analysed both upon admission and discharge of the patients. An oral dose of 4 mg baricitinib daily (or an adjusted dose of 2 mg daily in cases of renal disease) was added to the usual therapeutic regimen of the patients. Results: For the purpose of the current study, we recruited 74 patients (male sex 81.1%, mean age 52,8±17,2 years old). Six patients (8.1%) were fully vaccinated and 32 patients (43.2%) presented at least one comorbidity (chronic cardiovascular disease, chronic liver disease, chronic kidney disease, immunosuppression, diabetes mellitus or obesity). Mean hospitalization time reached 10.9 ± 5.8 days while mean time of baricitinib administration was 9.2 ± 2.9 days. Regarding outcomes of hospitalizations, 12 patients (16.2%) needed to be transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU), with 6 of them finally succumbing to the disease. Administration of the drug led to a statistically significant drop of inflammatory markers as well as a statistically significant improvement of respiratory function as evaluated by ABGs. No serious adverse events were recorded. Conclusion: The addition of oral baricitinib to the standard drug regimen of hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 proved safe and efficacious in managing symptoms of the disease, leading to swift clinical complaint and laboratory profile improvements.","PeriodicalId":10345,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Case Studies and Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87719688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methylphenıdate-Induced Henoch Schonleın Purpura: A Case Report","authors":"Meltem Kucukdag","doi":"10.59657/2837-2565.brs.23.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59657/2837-2565.brs.23.005","url":null,"abstract":"Henoch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP) is the most common vasculitis in childhood and is characterized by a systemic leukocytoclastic angiitis involving the skin, joints, gastrointestinal tract and, less frequently, small-diameter renal vessels. The triggering agents of Henoch-Schonlein purpura are generally considered to be infectious agents, drugs, insect bites, and food. Here, we report what is to the best of our knowledge only the first case of induced HSP by methylphenidate.","PeriodicalId":10345,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Case Studies and Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77908505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"E-birth Registration in Raj Shahi City Corporation, Bangladesh: Problematics and Inferential Solutions","authors":"Sabbir Hasan, S. Akram Ullah","doi":"10.59657/2837-2565.brs.23.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59657/2837-2565.brs.23.014","url":null,"abstract":"The purport of this study is to address electronic birth registration information system (EBRIS) programme in RCC with its existing problems. Rajshahi City Corporation (RCC) is one of the leading municipalities in e-governance adaptation in Bangladesh. As a part of e-governance, RCC, jointly with the local government division under the ministry of local government, has initiated electronic birth registration information system (EBRIS) in 2001 with the financial and technical support of UNICEF. Based on inference, researchers have recommended some possible solutions for solving these problems. As empirical research, this study, based on primary and secondary sources of data and information, has found some problems existed inside the EBRIS programme incorporated in RCC.","PeriodicalId":10345,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Case Studies and Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81495071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Dimensional Stability of an Irreversible Hydrocolloid Modified by the Addition of Condensation Silicone","authors":"Antonia Edivanda Aguiar Parente, Isabella Fechine de Oliveira, Jozely Francisca Mello Lima, D. S. Marques de Castro, Jaqueline Alves do Nascimento","doi":"10.59657/2837-2565.brs.23.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59657/2837-2565.brs.23.004","url":null,"abstract":"Knowing the properties and clinical indications of each material ensures that the dental surgeon can use techniques that guarantee better results for dental prostheses. This study aims to evaluate the dimensional stability of an irreversible hydrocolloid modified by the addition of silicone by condensation. During this evaluated the dimensional distortion of irreversible hydrocolloids according to conditioning time, for four commercial brands, being: Avagel (Dentsply), Hydrogum 5 (Zhermack Spa) and Jeltrate Plus (Dentsply) and Avagel plus Condensation Silicone (Zetaplus [Zhermach]). They were placed in a container with 100% humidity, and the following requirements were evaluated: weight, height, and length of the three groups during the following times: immediately, 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, and 120 hours. All materials evaluated showed adequate dimensional stability within the initial 72 hours. The addition of condensation silicone to the irreversible hydrocolloid mixture did not improve the dimensional stability of the material.","PeriodicalId":10345,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Case Studies and Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77229368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness Dose of Injection Acetaminophen for Control of Shivering After General Anesthesia in Inguinal Hernia Surgery","authors":"Noemie Schiever, Romina Shahini, R. Shahini","doi":"10.59657/2837-2565.brs.23.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59657/2837-2565.brs.23.016","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Inguinal hernia is the most common type of abdominal hernia which is 7 times more common in men than women. Surgical treatment is performed under general anesthesia. about 40 to 60 percent of patients of post-surgery are experiencing tremor. these patients after anesthesia, shivering is very undesirable and from the physiological aspect is very stressful, mild tremor increases the oxygen consumption like a light physical activity and judder increases the metabolic rate and oxygen consumption up to 600%. injection acetaminophen is a safe drug, in recent study determines of Effectiveness dose for control of shivering after anesthesia in surgeries. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of injection acetaminophen on the quality and timing of the Shivering after on the inguinal herniation surgery. Materials and Methods: This is a randomized double-blind study, that the statistical population was patients that were candidates for general surgery, that were referred to hospitals of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences for treatment. The patient’s undergone surgery with general anesthesia with number 1 and 2 anesthetic Class based on anesthesiologist detection. From 80 patients that were randomly selected, 40 people were selected for experimenting group with injection acetaminophen with IM injection of 0.5 mg/kg and 40 people were selected for the placebo control group (routine order). Results: The shivering in the experimenting group was decreased than the control group and was statistically significant. Tremor intensity in the experimental group was lower than the control group in all three measures [1, 2] which was also significant for comparing the linear regression, relative risk (RR) was 8in two groups according to the normal distribution of the data, in the age group between 20to 40 years the minimum range of tremor was observed and in the age group that were younger than 20 years range of tremor was observed. Conclusion: injection acetaminophen (IM) after general anesthesia can reduce the amount and severity of shivering at post-surgery and can be an effective choice drug in the post-surgery in patients with inguinal herniation surgery.","PeriodicalId":10345,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Case Studies and Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88181591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}