Clinical and Translational Radiation Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Therapeutic efficacy of external beam radiotherapy combined with anti-PD-L1 inhibition in a preclinical syngeneic head and neck cancer model","authors":"Arshiya Banu ,&nbsp;Sophie Langdon ,&nbsp;Tanzila Harun ,&nbsp;Adam Laouafa ,&nbsp;Adam Jones ,&nbsp;Kavitha Sunassee ,&nbsp;Anthony Kong ,&nbsp;Samantha YA Terry","doi":"10.1016/j.ctro.2025.101054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctro.2025.101054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Treating high-grade head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has recently combined immunotherapy with conventional therapies. However, optimizing the scheduling of anti-PD-L1 with external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) requires further research to improve efficacies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><em>In vitro</em>, MTCQ1, MOCL1, and MOCL2 murine HNSCC cell responses to 2 Gy x 6 X-ray EBRT were assessed in metabolic, clonogenic and γH2AX assays. <em>Ex vivo</em>, syngeneic tumors in C57BL/6 mice were stained for haematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) and immune cell infiltration. Combination therapeutic <em>in vivo</em> studies using MTCQ1 tumors treated with 2 Gy x 6 or 8 Gy x 1 EBRT with sequential and/or concurrent dosing with anti-PD-L1 were also performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>MTCQ1 cells exhibited the most marked responses to EBRT <em>in vitro</em>. H&amp;E analysis revealed highest cellular density and most disperse extracellular matrix in MTCQ1 tumors with infiltration of CD8a+ T cells in tumor centres and macrophages predominantly peripheral. The 2 Gy x 6 EBRT regimen slowed tumor progression; average tumor volumes were 129.2 ± 49.0 mm³ on day 10, compared to 234.1 ± 130.7 mm³ in the CT-only control (P = 0.039). However, there was also a reduced CD8a+ T cell infiltration on day 3 post complete treatment, with 0.19 ± 0.17 % CD8a+ T cell area compared to 0.91 ± 0.31 % in the CT-only control. Combining EBRT with anti-PD-L1 (delivered either concurrently or sequentially), resulted in greater median survival compared to the CT-only control (33 and 32 days versus 28 days, respectively). Similarly, statistically insignificant improved survival with 8 Gy x 1 EBRT regimen combined with concurrent anti-PD-L1 was observed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These results reveal spatial distribution of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and underscore the role of EBRT regimens in modulating immune cell dynamics. This highlights the importance of optimising radiation protocols to inform combination therapy designs in preclinical models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10342,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Radiation Oncology","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101054"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salvage stereotactic MR-Guided adaptive radiotherapy (SMART) re-irradiation for locally recurrent prostate Cancer: Clinical and dosimetric outcomes","authors":"Elena Moreno-Olmedo,&nbsp;Dan Murray,&nbsp;Ben George,&nbsp;Daniel Ford,&nbsp;Nicola Dallas,&nbsp;Prantik Das,&nbsp;Ami Sabharwal,&nbsp;Yoodhvir Nagar,&nbsp;Jamie Mills,&nbsp;Carla Perna,&nbsp;Yae-eun Suh,&nbsp;Alex Martin,&nbsp;Philip Camilleri","doi":"10.1016/j.ctro.2025.101037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctro.2025.101037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) is a salvage option for locally recurrent prostate cancer (LRPC); however, challenges remain. Stereotactic MRguided Adaptive Radiotherapy (SMART) permits daily adaptation, real-time tracking and automated beam gating, allowing critical organ sparing while potentially improving target coverage. Equivalent Dose in 2 Gy fraction (EQD2) calculation allows accurate organs-at-risk (OAR) dose accumulation in re-irradiation.</div><div>We report safety and efficacy of daily SMART re-irradiation for LRPC, alongside an EQD2-based OAR tolerance calculation method.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Salvage SMART to histologically proven non-metastatic hormone-sensitive LRPC was retrospectively analysed. Inclusion criteria included: ≥18 months post-RT, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) ≤ 30 ng/mL, PSA doubling-time &gt; 6 months, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) ≤ 19, prostate ≤ 80 cc and cT1–T3a/b.Reirradiation regimens were 30–35 Gy/5 fractions. Dose-boost and hormone therapy were allowed. Rectal spacer was recommended.</div><div>Outcomes included toxicity, local control (LC), biochemical relapse-free survival (bRFS), progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). EQD2-based workflow to estimate OAR cumulative constraints was reported.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Between 2019 and 2023, nineteen patients underwent salvage-SMART to whole-gland (n = 12), hemi-gland (n = 5) or seminal vesicle (n = 2) at a median 87 months (range 35–587) from first radiotherapy. All 95 delivered fractions underwent online adaptation, meeting all estimated OAR.</div><div>With 21 months follow-up, acute grade 2 genitourinary (GU) toxicity was 21 % with no acute ≥ grade 3 GU or ≥ grade 2 gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity observed. Late GU grade 3 toxicity occurred in 3 patients (15.7 %).</div><div>OS was 100%; bRFS 73.7%; LC 84.2%; and median-PFS was not reached. One and two-year PFS were 94.7% and 89.4%. One and two-year LC was 100%. Two contralateral intraprostatic failures followed hemi-gland treatment were observed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Daily adaptive SMART re-irradiation is a feasible, non-invasive salvage option for LRPC, combining high LC with low toxicity. Our experience supports integrating MR- guidance with an individualized EQD2-informed planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10342,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Radiation Oncology","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101037"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145027249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No differences in therapeutic efficacy while sparing healthy tissue for orthotopic glioblastoma patient-derived xenografts in context of proton FLASH","authors":"Taylor L. Schanel ,&nbsp;Manoj Kumar ,&nbsp;Lauren C. Nassour-Caswell ,&nbsp;Sreelakshmi Cherakara ,&nbsp;Rhea Pandit ,&nbsp;Andee M. Beierle ,&nbsp;Joshua C. Anderson ,&nbsp;Patrica H. Hicks ,&nbsp;Rex Cardan ,&nbsp;Anita B. Hjelmeland ,&nbsp;Christopher D. Willey","doi":"10.1016/j.ctro.2025.101050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctro.2025.101050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultra-high dose rate (FLASH-RT) and conventional proton beam radiotherapy to intracranial glioblastoma PDX were compared for tumor control and normal tissue toxicity via DNA and RNA damage response markers. Both conventional and FLASH radiotherapy yielded similar survival benefits; however, conventional radiotherapy resulted in greater normal tissue DNA and RNA damage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10342,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Radiation Oncology","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101050"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145099742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thoracic reirradiation clinical and technical practices: a survey from the reirradiation Collaborative Group (ReCOG)","authors":"Martha M. Matuszak ,&nbsp;Charles B. Simone II ,&nbsp;Charles K. Matrosic ,&nbsp;Dawn Owen ,&nbsp;Annemarie F Shepherd ,&nbsp;Ane Appelt ,&nbsp;Charles Mayo ,&nbsp;Kelly C. Paradis ,&nbsp;Ellen Yorke ,&nbsp;Nicolaus Andratschke","doi":"10.1016/j.ctro.2025.101042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctro.2025.101042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Thoracic reirradiation is increasingly used globally, but prospective evidence is scarce, leading to practice based primarily on institutional experience. Recognizing the need for guidance, international multi-professional experts convened at the first Reirradiation Collaborative Group (ReCOG) Meeting. This report presents results from a survey on best practices, challenges, and knowledge gaps among experts on thoracic reirradiation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive 50-question survey was developed by experts and discussed within the thoracic focus group at ReCOG. It included questions on participant demographics and clinical experience, patient-related clinical conditions and selection, imaging and targets, treatment planning, and dose accumulation. Participants were asked for perceived challenges as well as gaps in knowledge.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The survey was completed by 34/51 invited experts (67 % response rate). Most respondents (79 %) were experienced physicists and radiation oncologists (&gt;10 years) primarily at university hospitals (65 %). The most common tumors treated were locally recurrent lung cancer, mediastinal nodes, or thoracic metastases. Reirradiation goals included prolonging local control and survival, and alleviating/preventing symptoms. Conditions precluding reirradiation were persistent grade 3+ toxicity and progressive disease. Major toxicity concerns were bleeding, airway injury/fistula, and esophageal ulceration/fistula. Technical practices varied with regards to image registration, dose accumulation and recovery factors. Advanced treatment planning techniques and IGRT were consistent amongst respondents. Major challenges included lack of clinical guidelines and lack of software support tools.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Thoracic reirradiation is an increasingly prevalent area of interest despite scarcity of prospective data. The major focus currently still is primarily on treatment-related factors and the question of how to combine reirradiation with systemic therapy. However, there is little guidance on whether and how to modify a planned reirradiation dose based on patient comorbidities or recovery from the prior radiation course. This survey identified emerging areas of consensus as well as relevant variations and gaps in practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10342,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Radiation Oncology","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101042"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145156051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cone beam computed tomography-guided online adaptive radiation therapy: Clinical implementation in breast and axillary target volumes","authors":"Angelique R.W. van Vlaenderen ,&nbsp;Judith G. Middelburg-van Rijn ,&nbsp;Koen J. Nelissen ,&nbsp;Karin N. Goudschaal ,&nbsp;Lars ter Beek ,&nbsp;Jessica van der Himst ,&nbsp;Cassey E. Glebbeek ,&nbsp;Lisette M. van Maurik ,&nbsp;Amber L. Bakker ,&nbsp;Nina Bijker ,&nbsp;Joost J.C. Verhoeff ,&nbsp;Ben J. Slotman ,&nbsp;Anna Dinkla ,&nbsp;Wilko F.A.R. Verbakel ,&nbsp;Desirée H.J.G. van den Bongard ,&nbsp;on behalf of the BREAST-ART group","doi":"10.1016/j.ctro.2025.101086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctro.2025.101086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and purpose</h3><div>Daily differences in breast contour and arm positioning can result in frequent re-positioning and offline re-planning in postoperative breast radiotherapy (RT). Online adaptive radiotherapy (oART) enables daily adaptation of the radiotherapy treatment plan. This study aimed to implement oART in breast and axillary target volumes to eliminate the need for repositioning and replanning.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Patients referred for postoperative partial breast irradiation (PBI) and whole breast irradiation (WBI)/post-mastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) with or without axillary levels I-II (5x5.2 Gy) or I-IV (15x2.67 Gy) were included. On-couch treatment times were evaluated as well as dosimetry, target volume, acute toxicity, and in-house satisfaction questionnaires.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Seventy-nine patients (n = 66 PBI/WBI/PMRT, n = 13 WBI + axillary levels I-II/I-IV) were treated with postoperative RT (465 fractions). On-couch median time ranged from 14.5 (range: 10.1–29.2) minutes for right-sided WBI to 25.8 (range: 22.6–36.8) minutes for left-sided WBI + axillary levels I-II. All adapted treatment plans met the D98% ≥ 95 % coverage criteria for the target PTV. Relative breast CTV volumes for the adapted plan decreased in fraction 1 and increased in fractions 2–5 compared to the CTV volume on the planning CT. Toxicity was mainly grades 0 and 1 and patient satisfaction was good.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Implementation of oART was feasible in all breast target volumes with acceptable treatment duration, only mild acute toxicity, favorable patient-reported comfort, and dosimetry that met clinical standards. Future work will focus on the implementation of oART in RT boost indications, and selection of breast cancer patients who will benefit most from oART.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10342,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Radiation Oncology","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101086"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145614619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of submandibular gland function using quantitative 99mTc-pertechnetate scintigraphy in submandibular gland sparing radiotherapy for head-neck cancers, a prospective longitudinal study","authors":"Prasoon Garg ,&nbsp;S. Shyama Prem ,&nbsp;Madhusudhanan Ponnusamy ,&nbsp;Sathappan Muthuveerappan ,&nbsp;K. Saravanan ,&nbsp;N. Sreekumaran Nair ,&nbsp;R. Anusuya","doi":"10.1016/j.ctro.2025.101066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctro.2025.101066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study evaluates the efficacy of submandibular gland sparing radiotherapy in reducing salivary dysfunction using dynamic ^99mTechnetium pertechnetate scintigraphy.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>Adults with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma planned for radical radiation using volumetric modulated arc radiotherapy were recruited in the study. The salivary function was assessed using ^99mTechnetium pertechnetate scintigraphy at baseline, 3-, 6-, and 12 months post-radiation. Maximum Uptake (Umax), Salivary Excretion Fraction (SEF), relative change in SEF (rSEF), and SEF ratio were calculated and compared at different time points.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Between June 2022 and January 2024, 113 patients were recruited, with scintigraphy data available for 27 patients with spared and 53 with unspared submandibular glands. At baseline, the mean Umax was 82.7 counts/second (cps) (spared) versus 81.5 cps (unspared). There was a decline at 3 months (66.5 cps vs. 72.7 cps), with significantly greater recovery by 12 months in the spared glands (81.2 cps vs. 54.8 cps; p = 0.035). SEF values at 3, 6, and 12 months respectively were 27.6 (IQR 19.6–42.1), 23.9 (IQR 17.7–31.2), and 29.9 (IQR 18.3–34.7) in spared glands compared to 2.8 (IQR −2.9–6.9), 4.4 (IQR 1.8–9.1), and 5.8 (IQR 2.6–7.6; p &lt; 0.01 at all timepoints) in the unspared glands. At 3, 6, and 12 months, spared glands retained 78.5 %, 89.6 %, and 87.0 % function, compared to 10.5 %, 17.4 %, and 14.0 % in unspared glands (p &lt; 0.01 at all time points). No recurrences occurred near the spared glands during the study period.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Submandibular gland sparing is safe and significantly reduces radiation-induced salivary dysfunction. Dynamic 99mTc-pertechnetate scintigraphy is a reliable, minimally invasive method for evaluating gland function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10342,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Radiation Oncology","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101066"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145462876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric CNS relapse of neuroblastoma treated with upright proton craniospinal irradiation","authors":"Philip Blumenfeld ,&nbsp;Alexander Pryanichnikov ,&nbsp;Zelig Tochner ,&nbsp;Aaron M Allen ,&nbsp;Iris Fried ,&nbsp;David Gozal ,&nbsp;Sean Marzeeq ,&nbsp;Stéphane Ledot ,&nbsp;Shimshon Winograd ,&nbsp;Ayman Salhab ,&nbsp;Marc Wygoda ,&nbsp;Yair Hillman ,&nbsp;Jon Feldman ,&nbsp;Aron Popovtzer","doi":"10.1016/j.ctro.2025.101080","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctro.2025.101080","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Craniospinal irradiation (CSI) is a technically demanding treatment in pediatric oncology, especially for young children, who often require daily anesthesia. Although proton therapy offers dosimetric advantages over photons by eliminating exit dose and reducing exposure to healthy tissues, its global availability is limited due to the cost and complexity of gantry-based systems. Recently, gantry-less proton therapy with upright positioning has recently emerged as a compact, cost-efficient alternative, integrating robotic positioning and vertical CT-based image guidance.</div><div>This study reports the first pediatric case of upright proton CSI delivered under intravenous monitored anesthesia care (MAC) using such a system. A four-year-old male patient with relapsed neuroblastoma in the central nervous system received CSI at a dose of 18.0 Gy(RBE) in 12 fractions, along with a simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) of 21.6 Gy(RBE) to the resection cavity. This was followed by a sequential boost to the resection cavity in five fractions, for a total dose of 30.6 Gy(RBE). The treatment was performed in the seated position with customized immobilization, upright volumetric CT verification, and reproducible daily setup. MAC achieved without intubation, allowing continuous airway access.</div><div>The patient completed the treatment regimen without interruption, did not experience any grade 2 or higher acute toxicities, and demonstrated adequate tolerance of daily anesthesia. This case demonstrates the clinical feasibility of upright proton CSI under MAC and provides proof of concept for the broader adoption of gantry-less proton therapy in complicated cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10342,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Radiation Oncology","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101080"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145576156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The evolution of cardiac changes after breast cancer adjuvant radiotherapy – A six-year follow-up study","authors":"Mikko Moisander ,&nbsp;Suvi Tuohinen ,&nbsp;Heidi Lähdeaho ,&nbsp;Heini Huhtala ,&nbsp;Kjell Nikus ,&nbsp;Vesa Virtanen ,&nbsp;Pirkko-Liisa Kellokumpu-Lehtinen ,&nbsp;Pekka Raatikainen ,&nbsp;Tanja Skyttä","doi":"10.1016/j.ctro.2025.101078","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctro.2025.101078","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This prospective study investigated the long-term effects of adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) on cardiac function and biomarkers in early breast cancer patients over a six-year follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Seventy-three women treated with RT alone, without chemotherapy, were included. Cardiac radiation doses were quantified, and echocardiography and serum biomarkers (high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T [hscTnT] and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide [proBNP]) were assessed before RT and at three- and six-years post-treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Cardiac biomarkers increased significantly during follow-up. Median hscTnT rose from 4 to 6 ng/L (p&lt;0.001), correlating with higher radiation doses to the heart in left-sided patients. ProBNP increased from 78 to 118 ng/L (p&lt;0.001). Left ventricular (LV) systolic function declined in left-sided patients: ejection fraction decreased from 65% to 60% (p=0.002), global longitudinal strain from –18% to –17% (p=0.006), and stroke volume from 74 to 67 mL (p=0.015). Diastolic dysfunction also progressed, with impairments in isovolumic relaxation time and left atrial ejection fraction. Aromatase inhibitor (AI) use and higher mean heart dose were associated with greater cardiac impairment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Subclinical deterioration in cardiac function and elevated biomarkers were evident three years after RT and persisted at six years, suggesting permanent cardiac effects. Both radiation dose and AI therapy contributed to these changes. These findings underscore the importance of long-term cardiac monitoring and support the use of sensitive imaging and biomarkers to detect early radiotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10342,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Radiation Oncology","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101078"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145576152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment approaches for non-metastatic small cell bladder cancer: a meta-analysis of reconstructed Kaplan–Meier curves","authors":"Lucas Mose ,&nbsp;Priyamvada Maitre ,&nbsp;Pascal Eberz ,&nbsp;Thomas Zilli ,&nbsp;Osama Mohamad ,&nbsp;Vedang Murthy ,&nbsp;Christian D. Fankhauser ,&nbsp;Bernhard Kiss ,&nbsp;Beat Roth ,&nbsp;Daniel M. Aebersold ,&nbsp;Ursula Vogl ,&nbsp;Mohamed Shelan","doi":"10.1016/j.ctro.2025.101032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctro.2025.101032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Small cell bladder cancer is an aggressive histological subtype and represents one of the most common extra-pulmonary small cell carcinomas. Treatment options include radical cystectomy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or combinations of these three. However, the optimal treatment approach remains unknown. This <em>meta</em>-analysis assesses the current literature on non-metastatic SCBC and analyzes different treatment approaches.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive search was conducted in four electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) utilizing the search terms “small or neuroendocrine AND cancer OR Carcinoma OR Tumor OR Malignan* OR oncolog* OR metastati* OR neoplasm AND bladder or urothelial or Urologic” from inception until March 2024. Eligible papers reported treatment and overall survival (OS) of non-metastatic SCBC patients. A <em>meta</em>-analysis was conducted comparing treatments with radical cystectomy- and radiotherapy-based approaches in addition to the use of chemotherapy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 12 articles were included in the present systematic review and <em>meta</em>-analysis. Regarding the comparison between radical cystectomy-based treatment and radiotherapy-based treatment, comparable OS was observed between both groups as the reported hazard ratio (HR) was found to be 1.04 (95 % confidence intervals [CI]: 0.90, 1.20, p = 0.6). After including chemotherapy in the analysis, it was observed that using radical cystectomy or radiotherapy with the addition of chemotherapy showed better OS with lower HR (0.53 [95 %CI: 0.39, 0.73], p &lt; 0.0001) compared with radical cystectomy or radiotherapy without chemotherapy. The median OS of radical cystectomy or radiotherapy with chemotherapy was higher than that of radical cystectomy or radiotherapy without chemotherapy, and chemotherapy alone as follows: 30.89 (95 %CI: 23.82, 40.08), 19.67 (95 %CI: 16.26, 23.80), and 19.20 (95 %CI: 16.55, 22.28), respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In this systematic review and <em>meta</em>-analysis, no OS difference was observed in patients undergoing radical cystectomy-based or radiotherapy-based treatments. The addition of chemotherapy to local therapy seems to improve OS. However, given the high heterogeneity of the included studies, these results should be interpreted cautiously.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10342,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Radiation Oncology","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101032"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144842244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological sex representation and reporting in stereotactic body radiotherapy for kidney cancer: A review of clinical studies","authors":"Sylvia Nwokolo,&nbsp;Laure Marignol","doi":"10.1016/j.ctro.2025.101034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctro.2025.101034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is evolving as treatment modality for kidney cancer alongside increased recognition of the importance of sex as a biological variable (SABV) policy in generating deeper insights.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This review aimed to assess the representation of male and female patients and the reporting of sex-specific outcomes in SBRT clinical studies for primary localised kidney cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>A database search with appropriate search terms was carried out on EMBASE, CINAHL, and Web of Science. Consideration of biological sex was assessed with the male: female ratio, reporting of sex-specific treatment outcomes, and inclusion of sex as a variable in univariate and/or multivariate analysis.</div><div><em><strong>Main findings</strong></em>:</div><div>Twenty-two studies were included. Of 961 patients (with sex stated), 29.24 % were females, with a mean male to female ratio of 2.57 and standard deviation of 1.22 across the studies. There was no relationship between the year, region and study type, and the male to female ratio recorded (Chi-squared test, p = 0.099, 0.29, and 0.719 respectively). Only six studies were sex inclusive, with three reporting sex-based outcomes, and three including sex-specific analysis. Of these, only one study reported significant difference in survival.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Supporting the integration of SABV will promote more equitable and biologically informed evidence for the use of SBRT in the management of kidney cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10342,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Radiation Oncology","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101034"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144866101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}