Chinese Journal of Physics最新文献

{"title":"Possible existence of ghost stars in the context of electromagnetic field","authors":"Tayyab Naseer ,&nbsp;K. Hassan ,&nbsp;M. Sharif","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we discuss the existence of ghost star models in the Einstein–Maxwell framework. In order to explore these objects, we put forward the idea of Zeldovich and Novikov by keeping in mind that the energy density of such models lie in the negative range in some regions of the spacetime geometry. We proceed by taking into account a static sphere and develop the field equations for a charged anisotropic fluid configuration. The two generating functions are then considered and we rewrite the field equations in terms of the mass and these physical quantities. Afterwards, we formulate two different models using the conformally flatness condition along with the considered generating functions. Further, we adopt the vanishing complexity constraint as well as null active gravitational mass to find two more solutions. The energy density for all developed models is also graphically shown. We conclude that the ghost stars exist in the presence of charge as the energy density for all the resulting solutions lie in the negative region for a particular range of the radial coordinate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"94 ","pages":"Pages 594-608"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143480007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Charged analogues of singularity-free anisotropic compact stars under linear f(Q)-action","authors":"Debadri Bhattacharjee,&nbsp;Pradip Kumar Chattopadhyay","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study simulates the characteristics of spherically symmetric, anisotropic compact stellar bodies with electrical charge within the framework of the <span><math><mrow><mi>f</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>Q</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> theory of gravity. Employing the Krori–Barua metric ansatz (K.D. Krori, J. Barua, J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 8 (1975) 508) along with a linear form of <span><math><mrow><mi>f</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>Q</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> model, <em>viz.</em>, <span><math><mrow><mi>f</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>Q</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>=</mo><msub><mrow><mi>α</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>+</mo><msub><mrow><mi>α</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mi>Q</mi></mrow></math></span>, we obtain a tractable set of exact relativistic solutions of the field equations. A specific form of charge <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>q</mi><mo>=</mo><msub><mrow><mi>q</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><msup><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> is considered here for the present analysis. It is noted that the model is valid up to the value of charge intensity <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>q</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>≤</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>0009</mn><mspace></mspace><msup><mrow><mi>Km</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>. Beyond this value, the model does not permit physically viable results. We have obtained the best fit equation of state in the model, which is incorporated to solve the TOV equations numerically to determine the mass–radius relation within the parameter space used here. With increasing charge intensity <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>q</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> from 0.0002 to 0.0009, the maximum mass ranges from 2.84–<span><math><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>92</mn><mspace></mspace><msub><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>⊙</mo></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>, and the corresponding radii range from 12.00–12.20 Km. Moreover, the predicted radii of some recently observed pulsars and GW 190814 show that our model also complies with the estimated radii based on the observational results. Our model is found to satisfy all the characteristic features, such as behaviour of matter variables, causality condition, energy constraints and stability criteria, which are pertinent in the context of a stable stellar configuration to emerge as a viable and physically acceptable stellar model in the framework of <span><math><mrow><mi>f</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>Q</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> gravity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"94 ","pages":"Pages 650-669"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extended Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff Equation in f(R,A) gravity","authors":"Amjad Hussain ,&nbsp;Mushtaq Ahmad ,&nbsp;M. Farasat Shamir ,&nbsp;Adnan Malik ,&nbsp;Fatemah Mofarreh","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper provides a more general version of the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equation that shows the hydrostatic equilibrium in the context of the gravitational theory <span><math><mrow><mi>f</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>R</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span>. This theory is one of several modified theories of gravity that have been proposed. Anisotropic matter content is considered to investigate the compact objects’ equilibrium structure. This work is focused on the linear model <span><math><mrow><mi>R</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>α</mi><mi>A</mi></mrow></math></span>, in which <span><math><mi>R</mi></math></span> is the Ricci scalar, <span><math><mi>A</mi></math></span> is the anticurvature scalar, and <span><math><mi>α</mi></math></span> is the coupling factor. To solve the modified Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equation, we obtained suitable metric potential functions using the Karmarkar condition and employing an appropriate equation of state. We also determine an extended mass function by using the field equations. In this work, we have found a numerical solution of the dimensionless Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equation and plotted the mass–radius relation alongside several physical quantities, including radial pressure, mass function, scalar curvature, anisotropy, and the force acting on the system. We conduct the entire analysis using three compact stars: Cen X-3, Her X-1, and LMC X-4. Due to the complexity of the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equations, we have employed the numerical technique to find various unknowns that appeared in the problem.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"94 ","pages":"Pages 609-626"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143480008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-party semi-quantum private comparison protocol of size relation based on d-dimensional single-particle states","authors":"Li-Hua Gong ,&nbsp;Yan-Yan Liu ,&nbsp;Jie-Hui Huang ,&nbsp;Yuan-Zhi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Based on <span><math><mi>d</mi></math></span>-dimensional single-particle states, a new multi-party semi-quantum private comparison protocol is proposed. With the intervention of a semi-honest third party, multiple classical parties can determine the size relation to their respective privacies by executing the proposed protocol once. The remarkable feature of our protocol is that each classical participant only performs the unitary operation and the quantum rearrangement operation, which diminishes the utilization of quantum resources. The operations in the protocol are simulated on the IBM Quantum Computing Platform, and the simulation results manifest that the presented protocol is correct and workable. Moreover, this protocol attains a qubit efficiency of 16.67%. Finally, the security analysis testifies that our proposed protocol is robust against diverse outside and inside attacks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"94 ","pages":"Pages 471-486"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The modulation of the electronic properties of MoSi2N4/CdS heterostructure by interlayer spacing, strain, and electric field: A first-principles investigations","authors":"Xuewen Wang ,&nbsp;Syed Awais Ahmad ,&nbsp;Muhammad Hilal ,&nbsp;Weibin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, the variation in the electronic properties of the MoSi₂N₄/CdS heterostructure with interlayer spacing, strain, and external electric field are investigated using first-principles methods. The MoSi₂N₄/CdS heterostructure is an indirect bandgap semiconductor with a band gap of 1.31 eV, work function of 5.45 eV, and Type II band edge alignment. As the interlayer spacing decreases, when <em>D_Z</em>-<em>D</em> (the difference between the actual interlayer spacing <em>D_Z</em> and the equilibrium spacing <em>D</em> = 3.2 Å) is -0.5 Å, the band gap increases to a maximum value of 1.55 eV. Then, the band gap gradually decreases to 0 eV at <em>D_Z-D</em> = -1.5 Å. When the compressive strain increases, the band gap increases to a maximum value of 1.93 eV at a stress of -4%, then gradually decreases to 1.28 eV. When an external electric field is applied, the band gap decreases to 0.68 eV with an increased positive electric field (MoSi₂N₄ layer pointing perpendicularly to the CdS layer). However, with a negative electric field, the band gap increases to the maximum value of 1.7 eV at the electric field strength of -0.3 V/Å, gradually decreasing to 0 eV. Based on the electron density difference, the density of state, projected band structure, mechanisms of band gap changes, and band edge alignment variations are analyzed. This paper found that by adjusting the interlayer spacing, applying planar biaxial strain, and applying external electric fields, the band gap and heterostructure type of the MoSi₂N₄/CdS heterostructure can be effectively tuned, providing theoretical references and new options for applications such as flexible electronic devices and wearable technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"95 ","pages":"Pages 1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of alternating interactions and boundary conditions on quantum entanglement of a three-leg Heisenberg ladder","authors":"Qinghui Li ,&nbsp;Lizhen Hu ,&nbsp;Panpan Zhang ,&nbsp;Chuanzheng Miao ,&nbsp;Yuliang Xu ,&nbsp;Zhongqiang Liu ,&nbsp;Xiangmu Kong","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The spin-1/2 three-leg antiferromagnetic Heisenberg spin ladder is studied under open boundary condition (OBC) and cylinder boundary condition (CBC), using the density matrix renormalization group and matrix product state methods. Specifically, we calculate the energy density, entanglement entropy, and concurrence while discussing the effects of the interleg interaction <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and the alternating coupling parameter <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span> on these quantities. In the case of OBC and <span><math><mrow><mi>γ</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></math></span>, we observe that the intraleg concurrence separation occurs between odd and even bonds within the system and that the introduction of <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span> can completely reverse this distribution of concurrence. On another note, the interleg concurrence is always present, regardless of the presence of <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span>. We also find that in the special case where <span><math><mrow><mi>γ</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></math></span>, the CBC suppresses interleg concurrence; however, the introduction of <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span> can lead to the emergence of interleg concurrence between chains 1 and 3. This behavior becomes more complex due to the competition between CBC and <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span>. Additionally, we find that <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span> induces two types of long-distance entanglement (LDE) in the system under OBC: intraleg LDE and interleg one. When the system size is sufficiently large, both types of LDE reach the same strength and stabilize at a constant value. Compared to the two-leg ladder, the three-leg ladder is more effective in producing LDE. However, the generation of LDE is inhibited in the system under CBC, in which spin frustration exists. In addition, the results of energy, entanglement entropy, and concurrence show that there are essential relations between these quantities and the phase transitions of the system. Furthermore, we predict a phase transition point at approximately <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span> <span><math><mrow><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>54</mn></mrow></math></span> under OBC. This study provides valuable insights into understanding the phase diagram of this class of systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"94 ","pages":"Pages 582-593"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143480006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermally driven two-phase shear thinning non-Newtonian fluid through the renal tube induced by electric double layer effects with variable wall properties","authors":"P. Deepalakshmi ,&nbsp;G. Shankar ,&nbsp;E.P. Siva ,&nbsp;D. Tripathi ,&nbsp;O.Anwar Beg ,&nbsp;S.S. Santra ,&nbsp;S. Nandi ,&nbsp;H. Alotaibi","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.01.039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.01.039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Peristaltic flow in the ureter is a highly controlled biological process crucial for the efficient movement of urine from the kidneys to the bladder. Accordingly, this article analyses the unsteady pseudoplastic viscous fluid flow that is influenced by the combined effects of electro-osmosis and peristalsis in a tapered wavy channel.</div></div><div><h3>Overview of the objectives</h3><div>The purpose of this article is to conduct an analytical analysis of the movement of dissolved substances along with urinary flow inside ureter, which is considered to be flow with slip conditions imposed on non-uniform compliant channel.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>The governing equation of the Casson fluid model for both the fluid phase and solid phase has been derived by ignoring the effects of inertial forces and making the assumption of long wavelength. Closed-form solutions are obtained for the non-dimensional boundary conditions of the symmetric channel.</div></div><div><h3>Key findings</h3><div>The results suggest that velocity exhibits parabolic behaviour towards the centre, while a combination of behaviours is exhibited around the edges. It can also be observed that the tapering parameter <em>(</em><span><math><msup><mi>η</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span><em>)</em> has a significant impact on the velocity. Streamline representation demonstrates that the amount of trapped bolus is reduced as the thickness of the electric double layer (EDL) increases, as well as with a stronger external electric field. Simultaneous approach of skin friction drag and heat transfer coefficient impacted by magnetic body force.</div></div><div><h3>Significance of the study</h3><div><em>The uniqueness of this investigation lies in the concurrent examination of a generalised two-phase model, wall slip, non-Newtonian properties of Casson fluid, electric double layer effects (L), viscous dissipation, Hall effect (m), magnetic body force (M), Helmholtz-Smoluchowski velocity</em> <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mi>U</mi><mrow><mi>h</mi><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span><em>, Joule heating, and curvature effects in peristaltic urological transport, such comprehensive approach that has not been previously explored.</em> Electroosmosis may promote urine flow or facilitate drug delivery, whereas magnetic therapy may break down kidney stones or guide therapeutic nanoparticles to the stone's location, facilitating stone removal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"95 ","pages":"Pages 840-865"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143844640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linear stability analysis of thermohaline and magneto-convection in a viscoelastic fluid layer","authors":"Sangamesh ,&nbsp;K.R. Raghunatha ,&nbsp;Ali J. Chamkha","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the intricate phenomenon of double-diffusive magneto-convection in viscoelastic fluids, emphasizing its practical implications in industrial and natural systems. The research explores the complex interaction between thermal and solutal buoyancy forces in the presence of a magnetic field within non-Newtonian media, where the unique viscoelastic properties introduce significant challenges to convection dynamics. The inclusion of a magnetic field further modifies heat and mass transfer through Lorentz forces, impacting system stability and transport mechanisms. Using linear stability analysis, the study reveals three key insights: i) an electrically conducting viscoelastic fluid layer, initially stable under a magnetic field, can become unstable when a solute is introduced at the bottom, which is relevant to controlled material deposition and mixing processes in polymer engineering; ii) a stable double-diffusive viscoelastic fluid layer can be destabilized by a magnetic field, with implications for optimizing electromagnetic control in industrial cooling and chemical processing; and iii) the system requires three distinct thermal Rayleigh numbers to determine instability due to the presence of oscillatory neutral stability curves, which is crucial for predicting convection-driven instabilities in advanced manufacturing and geophysical applications. These findings enhance the understanding of magneto-convective behavior in viscoelastic fluids and provide valuable insights for applications in polymer processing, metallurgical casting, controlled drug delivery, geothermal energy extraction, and astrophysical fluid dynamics, where precise control of heat and mass transport is essential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"94 ","pages":"Pages 720-735"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of an oscillating aerosol spherical particle within a permeable medium bounded by two rigid plates","authors":"Baraa A. Ahmed,&nbsp;Mohamed F. Zaky,&nbsp;Mohamed F. Abbas,&nbsp;Samar A. Mahrous","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The flow field of a Brinkman model surrounding a linearly oscillating spherical solid particle confined between two rigid plates is analyzed under a low Reynolds number condition. The differential equations governing this system are resolved through a semi-analytical method coupled with a boundary collocation scheme. The in-phase and out-of-phase hydrodynamic drag exerted on the spherical particle are explored across various geometrical and physical parameter values, with the results illustrated through graphs and tables. A comparative analysis with existing literature is performed, particularly focusing on the scenario where the top plate is absent. The results show that the presence of the upper plate exerts a significant effect on the drag coefficients, as well as the porosity, frequency, and separation parameters. The investigation reveals a strong dependence of the drag force coefficients on the separation parameters of both the upper and lower plates. Furthermore, the study indicates that the oscillating parameter and the permeability parameter exert a less significant influence on the drag force coefficients. This research is driven by the need to advance the understanding of the fluid tapping mode utilized in atomic force microscopy devices, providing novel insights into the interplay between probe dynamics and the porous medium.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"94 ","pages":"Pages 690-704"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of assembly-free fabricated single-multi-single mode and multi-single-multi mode fiber structures exhibiting ultra high sensitivities","authors":"Koustav Dey ,&nbsp;Anirban Majee ,&nbsp;Sourabh Roy","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the performance characteristics of two assembly-free optical fiber sensing structures namely the multi-single-multi mode (MSM) and single-multi-single mode (SMS) configurations. To achieve optimal performance, an optimized sensing length is employed for the fiber sections, comprising single-mode (SM) and multimode (MM) fibers in the MSM and SMS structures, respectively. A comprehensive analysis is conducted to evaluate the influence of various external perturbations, including temperature, strain, and refractive index. The experimental results confirm the feasibility of achieving enhanced sensitivity and resolution across a broad dynamic range for these sensing parameters. Key aspects such as fast Fourier transform analysis, fringe visibility, and the free spectral range of the observed transmission spectrum are meticulously examined. Furthermore, theoretical validation is provided to support these findings. Additionally, the self-imaging phenomenon is investigated both experimentally and theoretically. Notably, the MSM fiber structure demonstrates superior sensitivity compared to the SMS configuration. The highest sensitivity is achieved with an SM fiber length of 10 cm, yielding values of 109 pm/°C, -3.04 pm/µε, and -41 nm/RIU for temperature, strain, and refractive index measurements, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"95 ","pages":"Pages 219-230"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143620214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}