{"title":"Near-Field Far-Field Transformations with Unknown Probe Antennas","authors":"A. Paulus, T. Eibert","doi":"10.23919/EuCAP57121.2023.10133026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/EuCAP57121.2023.10133026","url":null,"abstract":"The characterization of unknown antennas under test (AUTs) from measurements of the radiated near field (NF) is commonly performed with known probe antennas. By accounting for the behavior of a given probe in the processing of the NF data, the obtained quantities of interest, e.g., the far-field (FF) behavior of the radiator, are free of biases and distortions caused by the probe sensor. We discuss an NF FF transformation (NFFFT) which can fully compensate the effect of the probe, while only requiring knowledge about its electrical size, position, and orientation. An iterative nonconvex technique based on alternating projections is discussed, as well as a convex approach utilizing bilinear forms is provided. Connections to the related problem of phase retrieval are highlighted. Simulation results showcase the validity of NFFFTs with full probe correction of unknown probes and shed some light on potential limitations.","PeriodicalId":103360,"journal":{"name":"2023 17th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114359688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Potential-Based Surface Operator for Modeling Lossy Conductors from DC to High Frequencies","authors":"Shashwat Sharma, P. Triverio","doi":"10.23919/EuCAP57121.2023.10133772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/EuCAP57121.2023.10133772","url":null,"abstract":"Surface integral equation methods are appealing for the electromagnetic modeling of lossy conductors due to their ability to model the skin effect with only a surface mesh. However, they can be hindered by a lack of accuracy and numerical stability down to DC. We propose a new method based on electromagnetic potentials, rather than fields, which can accurately model lossy conductors from exactly DC to very high frequencies. Unlike existing potential-based methods, the proposed formulation involves deriving a surface operator for each object to model field penetration inside its volume, but does not significantly increase the number of unknowns compared to field-based methods. The accuracy of the proposed technique is verified numerically for structures representative of applications such as high-speed interconnects and electrically small antennas.","PeriodicalId":103360,"journal":{"name":"2023 17th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114502828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Natural Mode Resonances in the Plane Wave Scattering from an Infinite Thin Resistive Plate with a Circular Hole","authors":"M. Lucido","doi":"10.23919/EuCAP57121.2023.10133301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/EuCAP57121.2023.10133301","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the natural mode resonances of an infinite thin resistive plate with a circular hole excited by an impinging plane wave are analyzed. By using the generalized boundary conditions and introducing suitable unknowns related to the azimuthal harmonics of the effective surface current density, the problem is formulated as an infinite set of independent one-dimensional dual integral equations in the Hankel transform domain. The discretization and analytical regularization of such integral equations are achieved by means of the Helmholtz-Galerkin technique. Once the unknowns are reconstructed, the resonance frequencies are readily individuated by the peaks of the total scattering cross-section.","PeriodicalId":103360,"journal":{"name":"2023 17th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114631626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maral Ansari, O. Zetterstrom, N. Fonseca, O. Quevedo–Teruel, Y. Guo
{"title":"A Lightweight Metalized-Insert Luneburg Lens","authors":"Maral Ansari, O. Zetterstrom, N. Fonseca, O. Quevedo–Teruel, Y. Guo","doi":"10.23919/EuCAP57121.2023.10133643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/EuCAP57121.2023.10133643","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a lightweight spherical Luneburg lens with high performance is introduced for use in the frequency range 1 (FR1). The continuously varying refractive index profile of the lens is implemented using a quasi-isotropic partially metalized periodic structure. Much of the lens volume is made of foam, so the design is lightweight, making it applicable for low-band microwave frequency communication systems and, more specifically, 5G communications in FR1. The periodic structure allows a simple and low-cost layered construction with a quasi-isotropic response. This approach improves the scanning performance of the lens in all angular directions when compared to equivalent lens designs previously reported. Such a structure is an ideal candidate for high-gain multi-beam communication systems.","PeriodicalId":103360,"journal":{"name":"2023 17th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114672901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Brandl, Adrian Diepolder, Mario Mueh, C. Damm, C. Waldschmidt
{"title":"Frequency Selective Surfaces for Reduced Specular Reflection under Oblique Incidence at 240 GHz","authors":"S. Brandl, Adrian Diepolder, Mario Mueh, C. Damm, C. Waldschmidt","doi":"10.23919/EuCAP57121.2023.10133207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/EuCAP57121.2023.10133207","url":null,"abstract":"As the alignment of a feed antenna to a steerable reflectarray becomes increasingly complicated at upper mm-wave frequencies, illuminating the structure from the far field is desirable. Simultaneously, the required fabrication precision makes large arrays expensive, effectively limiting the size. Consequently, spill-over feed radiation results in specular reflections, degrading the array’s far-field pattern. To mitigate these undesired reflections, planar periodic structures can be employed to implement spatial filtering. Three designs that reduce specular reflections of a planar surface, caused by an obliquely-incident wave at 240 GHz, are proposed. Additional to standard evaluation of the absorptivity per unit cell, this paper examines the suppression mechanism by studying the scattered far field of size-limited structures. To verify each design, the frequency dependency of the specular reflection and the far-field pattern of a small array are measured. In accordance with simulations, two polarization-maintaining variants feature 10 dB attenuation, whereas a mode-converting design achieves 23 dB.","PeriodicalId":103360,"journal":{"name":"2023 17th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115101016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Future of Terahertz Channel Measurements and Modeling in Computer Systems","authors":"A. Zajić","doi":"10.23919/EuCAP57121.2023.10133795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/EuCAP57121.2023.10133795","url":null,"abstract":"To enable future THz wireless communication in computer systems, it is imperative to understand the application needs, propagation mechanisms, and to develop good channel models to enable communication in these new challenging environments. Note that these propagation environments significantly differ from typical wireless channels because there might be significant propagation losses due to signal interaction with metal and plastic parts of the packaging as well as from air circulation inside the packaging/data center. This paper summarizes the latest results on THz channel modeling and measurements in computer systems and proposes new applications for computer systems where THz wireless signals may play significant role and require detailed THz channel measurements and modeling.","PeriodicalId":103360,"journal":{"name":"2023 17th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116947539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dynamic Effects of Scaling and Biasing on Liquid Crystal-based Reflectarray Antennas","authors":"Robert Guirado, G. Pérez-Palomino, E. Carrasco","doi":"10.23919/EuCAP57121.2023.10133180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/EuCAP57121.2023.10133180","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of different biasing techniques on the electromagnetic response of reflecting metasurfaces based on Liquid Crystals is analyzed is this paper. Even though the design of such arrays is typically focused only on the unit cell, their biasing must be considered as it can completely modify the performance of such devices, and understanding their implications is important to prevent unwanted effects. For the first time, a tool capable of predicting the dynamic response of the LC resonant metasurfaces, considering both the electromagnetic effects of the cell and the array biasing technique at the same time, is introduced.","PeriodicalId":103360,"journal":{"name":"2023 17th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117038339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Melouki, Hassen Nasseri, Amjad Iqbal, T. Denidni
{"title":"Compact Quarter-Mode SIW Self-triplexing Antenna for C-band and X-band Applications","authors":"N. Melouki, Hassen Nasseri, Amjad Iqbal, T. Denidni","doi":"10.23919/EuCAP57121.2023.10132950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/EuCAP57121.2023.10132950","url":null,"abstract":"An ultracompact substrate integrated waveguide (SIW)-based triplexing antenna operating at three independent frequencies of 4, 7.8, and 10.68 GHz is proposed in this study. It is consisting of two miniaturized Square-shaped quarter-mode SIW (SQMSIW) resonators and one triangular one (TQMSIW). Their miniaturization was accomplished by inserting rectangular slots at the closed ends of each resonator, resulting in an increased shunt capacitance. As a result, the resonance frequencies were shifted to the lower end of their fundamental frequencies. The proposed design has a dimension of just 0.08 $lambda _g^2$. Furthermore, the lowest attainable isolation level was as low as 27.5 dB. At the design frequencies, the highest realized peak gains were 4.9, 5.43, and 5.3 dBi at 4, 7.8, and 10.68 GHz, respectively. The final design has been fabricated, and the simulation findings agree well with the measured ones. In terms of independent frequency tuning functions, the proposed design demonstrated its versatility. This was accomplished simply by varying the length of the capacitive slots, making it a viable choice for compact multi-band wireless communication systems.","PeriodicalId":103360,"journal":{"name":"2023 17th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117195586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Vala, J. Felício, Tomás Soares Da Costa, N. Leonor, Jorge R. Costa, Paulo Marques, A. A. Moreira, Sérgio Matos, R. Caldeirinha, C. Fernandes, N. Fonseca, P. D. de Maagt
{"title":"On the Feasibility of Using Passive mm-Wave Imaging for Marine Litter Detection at the W-band","authors":"M. Vala, J. Felício, Tomás Soares Da Costa, N. Leonor, Jorge R. Costa, Paulo Marques, A. A. Moreira, Sérgio Matos, R. Caldeirinha, C. Fernandes, N. Fonseca, P. D. de Maagt","doi":"10.23919/EuCAP57121.2023.10133069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/EuCAP57121.2023.10133069","url":null,"abstract":"Large research effort is appearing in the literature on remote detection of plastic marine litter, using optical instruments, and lately microwaves. We present here a feasibility study of passive mm-wave imaging (PMMWI) for the same goal. Several measurements were taken in a controlled pool environment both in static and agitated water conditions using a W-band radiometer to assess the influence of plastic on the radiometric response. Different sized plastic bottles and concentrations were studied to verify its influence on the results provided by the radiometer. For each measurement, references of still water were taken to correct eventual errors due to equipment drifts in terms of gain and noise. Preliminary results show that it is possible to detect differences in the radiometers output voltage when plastic is present or the water is agitated or both and, thus, PMMW imaging seems to be a promising technology for remote detection of floating plastics.","PeriodicalId":103360,"journal":{"name":"2023 17th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117290849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An investigation into the spatial heterogeneity of MIMO device with 3D deterministic channel modelling using single-probe anechoic chamber method","authors":"Qiwei Zhang, T. Loh, Zhibei Huang, Fei Qin","doi":"10.23919/EuCAP57121.2023.10133785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/EuCAP57121.2023.10133785","url":null,"abstract":"The multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) over-the-air (OTA) testing technique is envisaged capable of effectively emulating the channel environment. While characterizing classical cellular channels, spatial correlation can be used to evaluate the differences correlation between each pair of transmit and receive antennas. In the next-generation wireless systems, the presence of reflectors close to the wireless device in a complex electromagnetic environment as well as toward higher carrier frequency will cause heterogeneous channel characteristics. Consequently, the current MIMO OTA emulation techniques represented by multi-probe anechoic chamber (MPAC) method will hardly emulated the heterogeneity channels by planewave-based architecture. We propose a single-probe anechoic chamber (SPAC) based MIMO OTA solution to emulate the heterogeneous deterministic channel, which has been decomposed and synthesized for each array element in a temporally sequential manner. Both the theoretical analysis and simulation results demonstrate the proposed method can effectively extend the application scenarios for SPAC based MIMO OTA emulation.","PeriodicalId":103360,"journal":{"name":"2023 17th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115984817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}