AIDS Updates - Recent Advances and New Perspectives [Working Title]最新文献

Employment as a Social Determinant of HIV Care and Prevention Outcomes 就业是艾滋病毒护理和预防结果的社会决定因素

AIDS Updates - Recent Advances and New Perspectives [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-07-09 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.98418

L. Conyers, Jensen Chiu, S. Rueda, Mark Misrok, Vickie Lynn, Erin McKinney-Prupis

{"title":"Employment as a Social Determinant of HIV Care and Prevention Outcomes","authors":"L. Conyers, Jensen Chiu, S. Rueda, Mark Misrok, Vickie Lynn, Erin McKinney-Prupis","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.98418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.98418","url":null,"abstract":"Advancements in HIV medicine has led to an increased desire and/or need to work for many people living with HIV. Despite the importance of work, relatively little attention has been devoted to specifically examining employment status as a social determinant of health. Unemployment/underemployment are associated with societal circumstances known to increase both the risk for acquiring and prevalence of HIV and other co-morbidity. Research indicates that being employed and use of vocational services is associated with positive physical and mental health outcomes. However, these positive outcomes can dissipate under poor or unstable work conditions. Transitions into or out of the workforce can also increase the risk of poor health associated with stress and potential disruptions or loss of access to critical health care. Given that individuals disproportionately impacted by HIV are also impacted by labor market discrimination, social exclusion, and poverty, there is an emerging sense of urgency to better respond to the employment needs of people living with HIV. This book chapter (a) reviews research related to employment as a social determinant of health, (b) provides an overview of the client-focused considering work model, (c) highlights key employment services, and (d) discusses implications for policy, service delivery and research.","PeriodicalId":103094,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Updates - Recent Advances and New Perspectives [Working Title]","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115185736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Prevention of HIV Perinatal Transmission: The Role of Sexual and Reproductive Health Services for Women Living with HIV 预防艾滋病毒围产期传播:性健康和生殖健康服务对感染艾滋病毒妇女的作用

AIDS Updates - Recent Advances and New Perspectives [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-06-04 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.98306

Marcela Gómez-Suárez

{"title":"Prevention of HIV Perinatal Transmission: The Role of Sexual and Reproductive Health Services for Women Living with HIV","authors":"Marcela Gómez-Suárez","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.98306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.98306","url":null,"abstract":"With the evolution in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of HIV/AIDS, ending the infection as a public health threat worldwide has become a real possibility included within the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal Project 2030. However, some countries and even entire regions are not on track to reach this target due to increased new infections in young populations. Young women (15–24 years) represent 48% of the new HIV cases globally. Research shows these women have significant unmet sexual and reproductive health (SRH) needs, with high rates of unplanned pregnancies, increased HIV perinatal transmission (HIV-PT) risk, and higher maternal morbidity and mortality. Granting access to SRH services based on rights for women living with HIV is a cost-effective alternative to reducing new infections in children by promoting respect for women’s reproductive options. This chapter addresses the role of SRH services based on rights for women living with HIV within HIV-PT. It also summarizes the new “Consolidated Guideline on Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights of Women Living with HIV”; designed by the World Health Organization as a global recommendation for SRH programs and services that promote gender equality and human rights for women living with HIV.","PeriodicalId":103094,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Updates - Recent Advances and New Perspectives [Working Title]","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115464067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nanotechnology Based Drug Delivery for HIV-AIDS Treatment 基于纳米技术的HIV-AIDS药物递送治疗

AIDS Updates - Recent Advances and New Perspectives [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-05-10 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.97736

I. Sailaja, Manoj Baghel, I. A. Shaker

{"title":"Nanotechnology Based Drug Delivery for HIV-AIDS Treatment","authors":"I. Sailaja, Manoj Baghel, I. A. Shaker","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.97736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.97736","url":null,"abstract":"One of the biggest challenges of the world in this 21st century is to cure HIV-AIDS. In Present scenario different antiviral drugs are available in the market to reduce the worse condition and manage improved survival rate. These drugs are manageable but their bioavailability, lower permeability and poor half life of the drugs have limitations. If the drug is preferred in higher dosage in AIDS patients, the drug leads to toxicity and adverse effects to patients and increase resistant against HIV & if the drug is preferred in lower dose along with nano carriers it will reach the target area for beneficial effect, therefore drugs Lacking of Knowledge in Potent Drug delivery systems is due to instability, chemical degradation and tissue barrier difficulties are reasons to reach drug target successfully. In this scenario Nanotechnology based antiretroviral drugs delivery holds drug and will provide to cure AIDS. Nanotechnology based deliver system Nanocarriers like Liposomes, dendrimers, Nanoparticles, Polymeric Micelles, Nanovesicles, Nanoemulsion provide the way to deliver drug to targeting tissue. Nanobased carriers revolutionized the field of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaco Kinetic’s in target drug delivery. The present study depicts nano based ARV drug provides increase efficiency with less adverse effects to control HIV. Like same way we can provide and increase nanobased drug delivery capacity to other available HIV drugs.","PeriodicalId":103094,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Updates - Recent Advances and New Perspectives [Working Title]","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132114018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Gender Differences in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Disease Progression and Treatment Outcomes 人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)疾病进展和治疗结果的性别差异

AIDS Updates - Recent Advances and New Perspectives [Working Title] Pub Date : 2020-06-26 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.92898

F. Mosha

{"title":"Gender Differences in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Disease Progression and Treatment Outcomes","authors":"F. Mosha","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.92898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92898","url":null,"abstract":"Several interventions have been implemented for control and prevention of HIV, including provision of Antiretroviral Therapy (ART). A major concern is how this investment can effectively reduce morbidity and mortality due to HIV given the existence of various factors that contribute to treatment failure. The purpose of this chapter is to elaborate the role of gender on HIV Disease progression and treatment outcomes. Demographic, epidemiological, clinical, immunological, treatment information as well as blood from HIV infected patients were collected. Epidemiological analyses, using standard phylogenetic and statistical tests were done. A follow-up of patients who were initiated on ART for 1 year enabled description of the gender differences in HIV disease progression and treatment outcome. After 1 year of follow up on ART, more females survived, and more females had undetectable viral load compared to males. However, women lost their initial immunological advantage as they presented with lower immunological recovery after 1 year of therapy. Socio-demographic factors do have an impact on disease progression during ART in HIV-1 infected patients. We recommend that more cohorts of patients be continuously followed up to understand the differences on ART outcome between males and females.","PeriodicalId":103094,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Updates - Recent Advances and New Perspectives [Working Title]","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130824662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0