Gender Differences in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Disease Progression and Treatment Outcomes

F. Mosha
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Abstract

Several interventions have been implemented for control and prevention of HIV, including provision of Antiretroviral Therapy (ART). A major concern is how this investment can effectively reduce morbidity and mortality due to HIV given the existence of various factors that contribute to treatment failure. The purpose of this chapter is to elaborate the role of gender on HIV Disease progression and treatment outcomes. Demographic, epidemiological, clinical, immunological, treatment information as well as blood from HIV infected patients were collected. Epidemiological analyses, using standard phylogenetic and statistical tests were done. A follow-up of patients who were initiated on ART for 1 year enabled description of the gender differences in HIV disease progression and treatment outcome. After 1 year of follow up on ART, more females survived, and more females had undetectable viral load compared to males. However, women lost their initial immunological advantage as they presented with lower immunological recovery after 1 year of therapy. Socio-demographic factors do have an impact on disease progression during ART in HIV-1 infected patients. We recommend that more cohorts of patients be continuously followed up to understand the differences on ART outcome between males and females.
人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)疾病进展和治疗结果的性别差异
为控制和预防艾滋病毒实施了若干干预措施,包括提供抗逆转录病毒治疗。一个主要的关切是,鉴于存在导致治疗失败的各种因素,这项投资如何能够有效地降低艾滋病毒的发病率和死亡率。本章的目的是阐述性别对艾滋病毒疾病进展和治疗结果的作用。收集HIV感染者的人口学、流行病学、临床、免疫学、治疗信息以及血液。采用标准的系统发育和统计学检验进行流行病学分析。对开始抗逆转录病毒治疗的患者进行为期1年的随访,可以描述艾滋病毒疾病进展和治疗结果的性别差异。经过1年的抗逆转录病毒治疗随访,更多的女性存活下来,与男性相比,更多的女性无法检测到病毒载量。然而,妇女失去了最初的免疫优势,因为她们在治疗1年后表现出较低的免疫恢复。社会人口因素确实对艾滋病毒-1感染患者在抗逆转录病毒治疗期间的疾病进展有影响。我们建议对更多的患者进行持续随访,以了解男性和女性抗逆转录病毒治疗结果的差异。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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