Clinical and Experimental Hepatology最新文献

{"title":"Survival after first diagnosis of oesophageal or gastric varices in a single centre in northern Sweden: a retrospective study.","authors":"Richard Thörn,&nbsp;Evelina Christensen,&nbsp;Jonas Wixner,&nbsp;Pontus Karling,&nbsp;Mårten Werner","doi":"10.5114/ceh.2022.114897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ceh.2022.114897","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>Oesophageal and gastric varices are well-known causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with liver cirrhosis. The aim of this retrospective observational study was to analyse clinical characteristics and outcomes for patients with oesophageal and gastric varices at Norrland's University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Data from medical records were collected retrospectively from 246 patients with oesophageal and gastric varices between 2006 and 2019.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At the end of the study 60.1% of the patients had died at a median age of 69 years (range 26-95). Mortality of patients with gastro-oesophageal varices was significantly greater than that of the general population. Median survival from the time of variceal diagnosis was 59 months (confidence interval [CI] 95%: 45-73 months). Five-year and 10-year cumulative survival rates in the entire cohort were 49.7% and 27.7%, respectively, with no sex-related differences. The highest mortality rate was seen in alcoholic cirrhosis with concomitant hepatitis. Mortality was higher in Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) B and C compared to CTP A. Liver failure and liver cancer were the most common causes of death (43.8%). Thirty-one percent of the patients had a variceal haemorrhage. Eleven percent were subjected to liver transplantation, whereas 3.9% of the patients had been submitted to a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) procedure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite the latest therapeutic advances, the survival of patients with gastro-oesophageal varices remains significantly reduced. All-cause mortality was significantly related to CTP class, aetiology, occurrence of variceal bleeding, whether variceal bleeding was the primary symptom and whether patients had undergone liver transplantation or not.</p>","PeriodicalId":10281,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Hepatology","volume":"8 2","pages":"103-110"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/03/d8/CEH-8-46717.PMC9442656.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33461333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic efficacy of dendritic cell injection in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: the role of natural killer and T lymphocytes.","authors":"Amr Zaghloul,&nbsp;Khalid Rashad,&nbsp;Hala Gabr,&nbsp;Ahmed Nabil,&nbsp;Adel Abdel-Moneim","doi":"10.5114/ceh.2022.116999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ceh.2022.116999","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related fatalities worldwide. The burden of HCC incidence in Egypt has doubled in the last 10 years. The primary aim of this research was to assess the safety and efficacy of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) generated from peripheral blood.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This trial was carried out at the Sohag Center of Cardiac and Digestive System. Patients with HCC were grouped into two groups (control group and DC injection group). The study group received intradermal autologous DCs twice weekly for three weeks, with a total of six vaccinations of 0.7 IU, whereas the control group received conservative treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study group showed statistically significant clinical improvement in the Child-Pugh score and overall survival. Laboratory evaluation revealed a significant reduction of α-fetoprotein, from 232 ng/dl at baseline to 193 ng/dl after 3 months to 153 ng/dl after 6 months, in the injection group, as compared with the control group, which increased from 228 ng/dl at baseline to 269 ng/dl at 3 months to 305 ng/dl at 6 months. Also, liver function improved significantly at both 3 and 6 months in the injected group compared with the control group. Regarding lymphocyte subsets, T-cytotoxic lymphocytes (CD8⁺) and natural killer cells (CD56+ve) increased significantly in the injection group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DC injection may be effective treatment of patients with advanced HCC to improve quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":10281,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Hepatology","volume":"8 2","pages":"153-160"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1b/e6/CEH-8-47221.PMC9442657.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33467173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence, risk factors and impact of dengue fever/hepatitis B coinfection on liver function parameters in Cameroonian patients.","authors":"Borris Rosnay Galani Tietcheu, Colix Nshekoh Babai, Albert Ngakou","doi":"10.5114/ceh.2022.116973","DOIUrl":"10.5114/ceh.2022.116973","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dengue and hepatitis B are viral infections endemic to tropical areas with liver consequences. However, coinfection cases have been poorly documented worldwide and especially on the African continent. This study aimed at analysing the seroepidemiology of dengue-hepatitis B co-infection in patients recruited at the Regional Hospital of Ngaoundere (Cameroon).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 225 patients, aged 15-55 years, enrolled at the Laboratory service of Ngaoundere Regional Hospital from 25 September to 10 December 2021. HBsAg and dengue infection were diagnosed using the serological rapid tests. Part of the blood samples was used to quantify lipid profile and liver function parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 225 patients recruited, 22.22% (50) tested positive for hepatitis B and 18.18% (38/202) were positive for dengue fever, with a dengue-hepatitis B coinfection rate of 4.95% (10/202). Coinfected patients were not significantly associated with liver injury compared to monoinfected patients. However, they displayed a higher risk of presenting abnormal γ-glutamyltransferase (γ-GT) (RR = 1.74, 90% vs. 51.51%) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) values (RR = 1.52, 60% vs. 39.39%) compared to the monoinfected group. Also, there was no difference in total and direct bilirubin between patient groups. The mean triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels and coronary heart index values were higher in the coinfected group than in the monoinfected group, but without significance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Taken altogether, these findings suggest that the presence of hepatitis B in dengue patients may slightly affect the liver's metabolic functions. Clinical surveillance of this coinfection is therefore required to avoid further liver complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":10281,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Hepatology","volume":"8 2","pages":"161-169"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4e/94/CEH-8-47217.PMC9442660.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33461201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The predictive value of MELDNa (model for end-stage liver disease-sodium) and mean platelet volume/platelet count for patients' 30-day mortality after liver transplantation.","authors":"Vecihe Bayrak,&nbsp;Mehmet Çağatay Gürkök,&nbsp;Ferhan Demirer Aydemir,&nbsp;Bişar Ergün,&nbsp;Tufan Egeli,&nbsp;Nurcan Şentürk Durukan,&nbsp;Tarkan Ünek,&nbsp;Necati Gökmen","doi":"10.5114/ceh.2022.114907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ceh.2022.114907","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>To investigate the disease-specific score and improve the existing scores to better determine the prognosis of patients after liver transplantation (LT). For this purpose, we evaluated the relationship of prognostic scores with 30-day mortality after LT. In addition, we planned to investigate whether the mean platelet volume/platelet count (MPR) would contribute to score improvement.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 178 adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit after LT in our hospital between 2011 and 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Model for end-stage liver disease-sodium (MELDNa), Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) score, and MPR values were compared in patients with and without 30-day mortality who underwent LT. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the predictive factors for mortality. A model was created with multivariate analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study included 135 (75.8%) male and 43 (24.2%) female patients. There was a significant difference in the postLT-MELDNa score in the evaluation between those with and without mortality (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Age, postLT-MELDNa and CTP score were found to be significant in terms of the prediction of 30-day mortality in the univariate analysis (<i>p</i> < 0.05). mean platelet volume (MPV) and MPR were not significant in univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis revealed a model in which age and postLT-MELDNa were significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In our study, postLT-MELDNa predicted 30-day mortality and was much more effective in predicting mortality when evaluated with age. The MELDNa score, which is currently used in the prognosis of candidates awaiting LT, may be useful for the prognosis of patients after LT in intensive care units.</p>","PeriodicalId":10281,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Hepatology","volume":"8 2","pages":"111-117"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d8/b7/CEH-8-46719.PMC9442658.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33467171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of intermittent fasting on laboratory, radiological, and anthropometric parameters in NAFLD patients.","authors":"Hanaa Badran,&nbsp;Maha Elsabaawy,&nbsp;Ahmed Sakr,&nbsp;Mahmoud Eltahawy,&nbsp;Mahitab Elsayed,&nbsp;Dalia M Elsabaawy,&nbsp;Mervat Abdelkreem","doi":"10.5114/ceh.2022.115056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ceh.2022.115056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>Despite the ample flow of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) drugs in the pipeline, lifestyle modifications are still the optimal solution of NAFLD. The aim of the study was to assess short term effects of Ramadan fasting (RF) as a sort of intermittent fasting (IF) on biochemical, radiological, and anthropometric parameters of NAFLD patients.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Ninety-eight NAFLD patients were recruited and voluntarily subjected to 16 hours daily fasting for an average of 22-29 days, without special dietary recommendations. Anthropometric, laboratory and radiological parameters were measured before, at 30 days, and one month after fasting (fasting and non-fasting phases).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients were mostly rural (76%), hypertensive (34.7%), diabetic (43.9%), and female (76.8%), with overt criteria of metabolic syndrome (67.3%). Liver transaminases (ALT and AST) were ameliorated significantly after fasting (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.01), which continued in the following month (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.01) especially in those with elevated ALT before fasting (46%). Eleven patients (24.4%) experienced ALT normalization after one month of fasting, which was further increased to 15 (33.3%) one month later. Lipid profiles (cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, cholesterol/HDL risk ratio) were significantly corrected following IF (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.01) and continuing in the next phase (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.010). Body mass index (BMI) lessened following the fasting (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.01), while no remarkable changes were noted regarding waist, hip, and triceps skin fold thickness (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.01). Glycemic indices (HbA_1c, postprandial, HOMA-IR) and fibrosis markers (FIB-4 and APRI) were significantly ameliorated (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.01), while reduction in inflammatory markers was not long lasting (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Intermittent fasting led to momentous improvements in ultrasonographic, biochemical, and anthropometric parameters of NAFLD especially in early phases and prediabetics.</p>","PeriodicalId":10281,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Hepatology","volume":"8 2","pages":"118-124"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b1/e4/CEH-8-46765.PMC9442655.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33467168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activity of aminotransferases as a marker of liver injury in home parenteral nutrition patients.","authors":"Karolina M Dąbrowska,&nbsp;Zuzanna Zaczek,&nbsp;Karolina Złotogórska,&nbsp;Krystyna Majewska,&nbsp;Joanna Kaczanowska,&nbsp;Jacek Sobocki","doi":"10.5114/ceh.2022.115124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ceh.2022.115124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>Parenteral nutrition associated liver disease (PNALD) is a frequently reported complication of long-term parenteral nutrition. Early diagnosis and treatment of PNALD can help prevent end-stage liver disease. The aim of the study was to evaluate the activity of aminotransferases as a marker of liver dysfunction in patients receiving home parenteral nutrition under the care of a reference center.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A comprehensive analysis of patients' medical records from a 9-year period (December 2012 - December 2021) was conducted and the following parameters were evaluated: parenteral nutrition mixture composition, total plasma bilirubin, activity of the liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), standardized time factor prothrombin (international normalized ratio [INR] factor) and serum albumin. The analysis covered 630,537 days of parenteral nutrition. The study included 251 patients (140 women and 111 men) included in the Home Parenteral Nutrition Program.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PNALD was diagnosed in 11 parenteral fed patients, which gives the frequency of 8.3%/9 years of treatment. Two deaths were classified as cause of death related to liver disease but not related to PNALD. None of the patients included in the analysis developed end-stage liver failure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The above analysis shows that individual selection of the composition of the mixture for intravenous nutrition significantly reduces the risk of PNALD and may prevent liver failure in this context.</p>","PeriodicalId":10281,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Hepatology","volume":"8 2","pages":"132-138"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/09/b3/CEH-8-46773.PMC9442663.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33467172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prophylactic cyanoacrylate injection for gastric extension of esophageal varices: a randomized controlled trial","authors":"M. Metwally, Mohammed E. El-Shewi, M. A. El-Ghaffar, Ayman R. Ahmed, Shaimaa Seleem","doi":"10.5114/ceh.2022.114271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ceh.2022.114271","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the study Gastric variceal bleeding is more severe and fatal than esophageal bleeding. Injection of cyanoacrylate into bleeding gastric varices is recommended, but prophylactic injection is debatable. Aim of this study is to evaluate prophylactic cyanoacrylate injection into gastric extension of esophageal varices type 2 (GOV2). Material and methods This randomized controlled trial included 75 patients (3 groups) with risky or bleeding esophageal varices and non-bleeding GOV2. Group A received a cyanoacrylate GOV2 injection, esophageal variceal band ligation (EBL), and β-blocker (BB); group B received EBL and BB; and group C received EBL. Follow-up for ≥ 24 weeks to check for bleeding or death was performed. Results Baseline variables were comparable among the 3 groups. During follow-up (median, 37.5 weeks), increasing gastric extension and or bleeding risk signs were significantly lower in group A (0%) than B (12%) and C (32%) (p < 0.001). Bleeding occurred more in groups B (24%) and C (24%) than in A (8%) (p = 0.2). Gastric extension size was an independent predictor of bleeding (p = 0.03). Portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG) decreased in groups A (24%) and B (24%) more than in C (8%) (p = 0.5). Mortality rates were 0.0% in group A, 8% in B, and 4% in C (p = 0.2). Conclusions Prophylactic cyanoacrylate injection into GOV2 before EBL significantly decreased the varix size and risk signs for bleeding with a statistically insignificant tendency to decrease the bleeding rate. A large gastric extension was an independent predictor of bleeding. Adding β-blockers can potentially decrease PHG and bleeding risk. An independent study with a larger sample size is recommended to confirm the rate of bleeding and test the mortality difference.","PeriodicalId":10281,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Hepatology","volume":"8 1","pages":"84 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48304787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels and insulin resistance with viral load and degree of liver fibrosis in Egyptian chronic HBV patients: a case-control study","authors":"R. Naguib, A. Fayed, N. Abdeen, H. Naguib","doi":"10.5114/ceh.2022.114139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ceh.2022.114139","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the study To assess serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 level and insulin resistance (IR) in hepatitis B virus (HBV) patients compared with controls and to evaluate the correlation with HBV viral load, severity of liver disease and degree of liver fibrosis. Material and methods A case-control study. Sixty HBV patients and 60 controls were enrolled. Chemiluminescence was used to determine 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels. Insulin resistance was evaluated using the homeostasis model assessment method. Polymerase chain reaction was used to quantify HBV viral loads. Severity of liver disease was assessed by Child-Pugh scores. Transient elastography was used to evaluate the degree of liver fibrosis. Results 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 deficiency is more prevalent among HBV patients compared to controls. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 levels declined considerably as viral load rose (p < 0.001). 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 level declined as liver fibrosis progressed (34.0 ±0.0 ng/ml in F1 vs. 12.67 ±8.0 ng/ml in F4) and the severity of the disease increased (22.75 ±6.36 ng/ml in Child A vs. 5.50 ±0.58 ng/ml in Child C). Insulin resistance is more prevalent among HBV patients compared to controls and it appeared to deteriorate progressively with boosting of the viral load, degree of fibrosis and severity of liver disease (p < 0.001). Conclusions HBV patients had significantly lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels compared to healthy individuals and HBV infection is associated with IR. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 deficiency and IR were associated with HBV viral loads, severity of liver disease, and degree of liver fibrosis.","PeriodicalId":10281,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Hepatology","volume":"8 1","pages":"14 - 20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41965780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Control of HBV infection in HIV/HBV co-infected patients treated with antiretroviral therapy - experience of Lodz Centre.","authors":"Ewelina Wlazłowska, Anna Piekarska, Juliusz Kamerys, Kamila Wójcik-Cichy, Elżbieta Jabłonowska","doi":"10.5114/ceh.2022.114160","DOIUrl":"10.5114/ceh.2022.114160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>To analyse the impact of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) on selected markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, as well as assessment of the degree of fibrosis in antiretroviral patients who had HIV/HBV co-infection.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Analysis of HBs antigen (HBsAg), anti-HBs, HBsAg levels, anti-HDV, anti-HCV, as well as assessment of HBV DNA viraemia and liver fibrosis by elastography in people with HIV/HBV co-infection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 515 people under the care of the Lodz Centre at the time of treatment initiation 28 people (5.4%) HBsAg was detected. In HIV/HBV coinfected patients 14 people (50%) had anti-HCV and 6 (21.6%) had anti-HDV. In the group of 23 people treated with antiretroviral therapy for more than 12 months, all but one patient achieved HBV viraemia below the detection threshold. Six (26.1%) eliminated HBsAg, 3 (13%) produced anti-HBs. In the group we examined, four patients has fibrosis at level F4 on the Metavir scale - 3 patients were treated for more than 12 months and one patient was treated for less than 12 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Antiretroviral treatment of patients co-infected with HIV/HBV based on tenofovir (in the form of disoproxil or alafenamide) with emtricitabine or lamivudine leads to virological control of HBV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":10281,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Hepatology","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8984790/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44137069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of dual energy computed tomography in evaluation of suspected wall thickening type of gallbladder cancer","authors":"H. Pruthi, Manika Chabbra, Raghuraman Soundararajan, Pratyaksha Rana, Pankaj Gupta, U. Dutta, M. Sandhu","doi":"10.5114/ceh.2022.114188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ceh.2022.114188","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Accurate characterization of gallbladder wall thickening is of paramount importance. This study evaluated the role of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) in the evaluation of gallbladder wall thickening. Material and methods Seven consecutive patients (mean age 52.3 years, 5 males) with suspected wall thickening type of gallbladder cancer (GBC) who underwent DECT between August 2020 and March 2021 were included. Independent radiologists blinded to the final diagnosis reviewed the iodine maps, 80 keV, and 140 keV images separately. The final diagnosis was based on histopathology or cytology. Results Two patients had xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis and 5 had GBC. Asymmetrical mural thickening was identified in six patients on iodine maps and five patients at 80 keV. Non-layered mural thickening was seen in all patients on iodine maps, 80 keV, and 140 keV. Iodine maps identified heterogeneous enhancement in all patients. Conclusions These preliminary results suggest that DECT has the potential to characterize gallbladder wall thickening.","PeriodicalId":10281,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Hepatology","volume":"8 1","pages":"92 - 95"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41348804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}