Chinese Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Multi-omics and network pharmacology reveal Huayu-Tongbi decoction reduced arthritis-related bone erosion.","authors":"Bozhen Chen, Lu Yang, Houchun Wang, Peng Yu, Mengyang Ma, Meiqi Chen, Yingyan Zhou, Jiaqi Wu, Huasheng Liang, Maojie Wang, Runyue Huang, Yiting He, Qingchun Huang, Xiaohong He","doi":"10.1186/s13020-025-01159-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13020-025-01159-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune disorder marked by joint inflammation and bone destruction, lacks effective therapies targeting bone erosion. Huayu-Tongbi decoction (HT), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) herbal decoction, has been used as a complementary treatment for RA, yet the mechanisms of its active components and multitarget therapeutic effects remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>An adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) model was established in rats, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, histopathological staining, and micro-Computed Tomography to assess the effects of HT on joint inflammation and bone erosion. Furthermore, serum pharmacochemistry combined with network pharmacology identified the HT's active ingredients and targets. In vitro multi-omics study revealed the decoction's effect and underlying mechanisms in osteoclastic differentiation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HT significantly reduced joint inflammation and bone erosion in AIA rats. Serum pharmacochemistry identified 44 absorbed components in HT, and network pharmacology analysis predicted 89 key targets of HT related to RA. In vitro experiments demonstrated that HT inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclastic differentiation through multiple pathways, such as PPAR pathway, AA metabolism, and NF-κB pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study confirmed the beneficial effects of HT in experimental arthritis and explored the specific mechanisms involved. HT inhibited osteoclastic differentiation through multiple targets and pathways to reduced bone destructions, providing a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing RA-related bone erosion.</p>","PeriodicalId":10266,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"100"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12220612/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The immunomodulatory effects of sodium new houttuyfonate on different states of macrophage against Aspergillus fumigatus infection via distinct mechanism in invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.","authors":"Xue Zhou, Fujiao Huang, Jinping Zhang, Shu Gong, Liwen Wei, Fangyang Liu, Zhangyong Song","doi":"10.1186/s13020-025-01157-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13020-025-01157-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is usually caused by Aspergillus fumigatus infection and associated with high morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. Sodium new houttuyfonate (SNH) has antifungal and immunomodulatory properties, but the therapeutic effect against IPA remains unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The therapeutic effect of SNH in mice with IPA was determined by histopathological analysis and measurements of fungal loads. The toxicity of SNH to mouse alveolar macrophages (MH-S cells) and the changes in phagocytosis ability of MH-S cells to A. fumigatus were determined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK8), microscopic observation, respectively. The biological mechanism of SNH regulating the functional changes of MH-S cells was determined by transcriptomics, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), western blot, molecular docking, microRNA sequencing, and miRNA_mRNA interaction analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Intraperitoneal injection of SNH had a therapeutic effect in mice with IPA, and 8 μg/mL of SNH was significantly enhanced the ability of MH-S cells to phagocytize and kill A. fumigatus conidia. Moreover, SNH increased antifungal activity of MH-S cells to A. fumigatus via the TLR2/TRAF6/IRF5 and TLR2/TRAF6/ERK axes, respectively. What's more, SNH inhibited the expression of miR-328-5p and miR-6975-3p in MH-S cells, which negatively regulated TLR2 expression and the phagocytosis and killing functions of MH-S cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Taken together, these findings clarify the potential immunomodulatory mechanism of SNH for treatment of IPA, suggesting that SNH is effective against A. fumigatus infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":10266,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"102"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12219129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aloe vera-derived extracellular vesicle-like particles suppress pancreatic carcinoma progression through triggering pyroptosis via ROS-GSDMD/E signaling pathway.","authors":"Jieyu Shen, Tianfu Wei, Mingchen Li, Yuankuan Jiang, Jiahui Zhang, Yueyi Qi, Cai Chen, Xiaojie Li, Peng Huang, Jialin Qu","doi":"10.1186/s13020-025-01153-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13020-025-01153-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pancreatic carcinoma (PC) remains one of the most aggressive malignancies that is often referred to as the \"king of cancers\" in clinic. Plant-derived extracellular vesicle-like particles (p-EVLP) has demonstrated broad-spectrum antitumor potential through their unique ability to effectively penetrate tumor microenvironments and deliver bioactive compounds. Aloe Vera is a tender and juicy plant with anti-tumor properties, while whether Aloe Vera-derived EVLP (AV-EVLP) can inhibit PC and what the underlying mechanism is still unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two kinds of AV-EVLPs (EV-U and EV-P) were isolated from Aloe vera using comparative purification techniques. Their structure and composition characterization were performed using TEM, NTA and UHPLC-QTOFMS. In vitro experiments using Panc-1 cells included cytotoxicity, migration/invasion and cellular uptake assay were employed to investigate their tumor inhibition potential. In a Panc-1 xenograft mouse model, the therapeutic effects and systemic toxicity of EV-U were evaluated through tumor volume and weight, Ki67, TUNEL and histopathology examination. Mechanistic studies involved the levels of cellular ROS, IL-1β, IL-18 and the expression of caspase-1/3/7/9-GSDMD/E in both cell and tumor tissues were determined by ELISA, immunohistochemistry, Western blot and qRT-PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EV-U and EV-P exhibited characteristic cup-shaped morphology with mean diameters 179.3 nm and 227.1 nm, respectively. At their respective IC₅₀ concentrations, both effectively inhibit cell migration and invasion and increase ROS, LDH, IL-18, and IL-1β levels in Panc-1 cells. Comparably, EV-U exhibited better activity due to their fewer impurities and more uniform dispersion. Further in vivo experiments supported the effectiveness of EV-U in reducing tumor volume and weight without causing toxicity or immunogenicity. Mechanistically, the activation of pyroptosis through the caspase-1/3/7/9-GSDMD/E pathways contributed to its efficacy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AV-EVLP significantly inhibit pancreatic cancer progression by triggering mitochondrial ROS release through the activation of caspase-1/3/7/9-GSDMD/E-mediated pyroptosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":10266,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"101"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12219699/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144552490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Naturally derived bioactive compounds as regulators of oxidative stress and inflammation in asthma.","authors":"Jangho Lee, Hyo-Kyoung Choi, Hee Soon Shin, Gun-Dong Kim","doi":"10.1186/s13020-025-01142-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13020-025-01142-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Asthma is a chronic allergic respiratory disease characterized by symptoms such as coughing, dyspnea, and reversible airway obstruction. The incidence of asthma has been gradually increasing worldwide. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying its development remain unclear due to its multifactorial etiology, which encompasses genetic, environmental, and occupational factors. Furthermore, the clinical manifestations of asthma vary significantly among individuals and across age groups, often coexisting with symptoms of atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis, thereby necessitating a personalized and continuous therapeutic approach. Asthma management primarily involves the use of symptom relievers and anti-inflammatory controllers, including β₂-agonists, anticholinergics, and corticosteroids. However, prolonged or high-dose administration of these agents poses a risk of adverse effects. Given these limitations, the development of novel asthma therapies with enhanced efficacy and fewer side effects requires a deeper understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the development of the disease. Existing evidence from various preclinical studies suggests that oxidative stress and inflammatory responses play pivotal roles in the onset and exacerbation of asthma. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to address the multifaceted pathological mechanisms of asthma, highlight naturally derived bioactive compounds with potential antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties that could be beneficial for asthma management. Additionally, propose an integrative therapeutic strategy that enhances patient adherence while minimizing adverse effects, ultimately contributing to improved long-term management and treatment of asthma.</p>","PeriodicalId":10266,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"94"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12210701/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic insights into the Bushen Huatan Huoxue Formula and its components in ameliorating obesity-associated polycystic ovary syndrome.","authors":"Yu-Xin Jin, Hang-Qi Hu, Jia-Cheng Zhang, Yu-Tian Zhu, Hao-Lin Zhang, Xi-Yan Xin, Rui-Wen Fan, Yang Ye, Yin Li, Dong Li","doi":"10.1186/s13020-025-01165-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13020-025-01165-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bushen Huatan Huoxue Formula (BHHF), a traditional Chinese medicine decoction, demonstrates potential in treating polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a prevalent endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age that is closely associated with obesity and metabolic dysregulation. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of BHHF's action remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of BHHF in obesity-associated PCOS and investigate its regulatory mechanisms related to metabolic homeostasis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In vivo, three-week-old female Sprague Dawley rats were divided into seven groups: control, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), high-fat diet (HFD), model (HFD + DHEA), low-dose BHHF, high-dose BHHF, and metformin. The PCOS model was induced by DHEA injection. BHHF was administered by gastric gavage for four weeks. Body weight, fat volume, glucose tolerance, and insulin sensitivity were measured. Ovarian histology, hormone analysis, RNA extraction, quantitative real-time PCR, protein extraction, western blotting, and proteomics studies were also conducted. In vitro, 3T3-L1 cells were used to assess lipid accumulation, mitochondrial function, and the effects of BHHF-containing serum.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BHHF restored reproductive cyclicity and polycystic ovarian morphology, reduced testosterone and anti-Müllerian hormone levels, and increased estradiol levels. It also alleviated weight gain, reduced fat volume, improved glucose tolerance, and enhanced insulin sensitivity. Proteomics analysis revealed that BHHF activated the AMPK signaling pathway and promoted white adipose tissue browning. In vitro, BHHF-containing serum suppressed lipid accumulation and enhanced mitochondrial oxygen consumption. The bioactive components of BHHF-Bushen (BS), Huatan (HT), and Huoxue (HX) -exhibited specific functions. BS improved estrous cyclicity and ovarian morphology; HT regulated glucose and lipid metabolism and promoted adipose browning; and HX modulated mitochondrial bioenergetics and redox homeostasis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BHHF exerts multi-targeted therapeutic effects on obesity-associated PCOS by regulating metabolic-reproductive crosstalk. Its components act synergistically, offering a novel therapeutic strategy for PCOS treatment. Future research should focus on identifying core active compounds and optimizing treatment according to individual PCOS phenotypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10266,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"99"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12220228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traditional Chinese medicine in diabetic kidney disease: multifaceted therapeutic mechanisms and research progress.","authors":"Rushuang Cai, Chunying Li, Yong Zhao, Haisheng Yuan, Xiaomeng Zhang, Aihua Liang, Yan Yi","doi":"10.1186/s13020-025-01150-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13020-025-01150-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a severe complication of diabetes and a leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). It is characterized by a complex pathogenesis that involves genetic, epigenetic, metabolic, and multifactorial elements. Current therapeutic approaches for DKD have significant limitations. In contrast, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), with its personalized treatment based on syndrome differentiation, shows potential to modulate multiple pathological pathways implicated in DKD. This review provides a detailed examination of DKD pathogenesis and the progress in TCM research, offering valuable insights for DKD treatment research and clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":10266,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"95"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12211247/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural phytochemical-based strategies for antibiofilm applications.","authors":"Kangyu Zhou, Mengyao Shi, Ruyi Chen, Yang Zhang, Yunjie Sheng, Chaoying Tong, Gang Cao, Dan Shou","doi":"10.1186/s13020-025-01147-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13020-025-01147-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Biofilms contribute to the persistence of infectious diseases, complicate the treatment of chronic infections and pose a significant global health threat. However, the effectiveness of antibacterial therapies is often limited by poor penetration of antibiotics, as well as the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes among bacteria. Phytochemicals remain a promising source for developing novel antibiofilm agents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of literatures was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, Google scholar, and CNKI, with keywords related to \"phytochemicals\", \"natural products\", \"natural compounds\", \"alkaloids\", \"polyphenols\", \"terpenoids\", \"quinones\", \"nanomaterials\", \"biofilms\", \"biofilm formation\", \"biofilm inhibition\", and \"structure-activity relationship\" focusing on studies published from 2014 to 2025.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 38 most extensively studied natural phytochemicals, including alkaloids, flavonoids (i.e., flavonols, flavanols, and chalcones), quinones, non-flavonoid polyphenols, terpenes and others, were systematically screened based on relevant articles from the past decade. Phytochemicals mainly work by targeting quorum sensing systems, reducing virulence factor production, preventing the initial adhesion and targeting the extracellular polymeric substances of biofilms. Well-designed phytochemical-based nanomaterials can enhance permeability, drug loading efficiency, target drug delivery and sustained drug release of phytochemicals, thereby increasing their antibiofilm efficacy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Phytochemicals represent a promising therapeutic source for the elimination of bacterial biofilms and associated infections both in the form of molecules or nanomaterials. By synthesizing current progress and identifying future directions, phytochemical-based strategies may inspire innovative solutions and promote translational efforts in combating biofilm-associated challenges in clinical and environmental contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":10266,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"96"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12210829/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A computational-based new treatment strategy with three-armed RCT on Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children.","authors":"Chengliang Zhong, Qingyuan Liu, Shengxuan Guo, Deyang Sun, Boyang Wang, Siyuan Hu, Xinmin Li, Weibo Zhao, Ying Ding, Bin Yuan, Jing Liu, Long Xiang, Nan Li, Zheng Xue, Yan Li, Yiqun Teng, Rongsong Yi, Shao Li, Rong Ma","doi":"10.1186/s13020-025-01149-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13020-025-01149-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) is a common type of pneumonia among school-aged children and adolescents. Jinzhen Oral Liquid (JZOL) and Azithromycin (AZ) are commonly used treatments in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Western medicine, respectively. There are several clinical and basic research reports on their solo effect against MPP, enabling their combined treatment to become possible. However, the mechanisms and specific pharmacodynamics of their combined therapy remain unclear. In this study, we conducted a mechanistic analysis of the combination of JZOL and AZ based on network target, elucidating their modular network regulatory mechanisms. The modular mechanisms involve four modules, including hormone response, cell differentiation and migration, signal transduction, oxygen and hypoxia response, centered by TNF signaling pathway-mediated regulation. Under the instruction of computational analysis, we conducted a randomized, double-blind, three-armed, parallel-controlled, multicenter clinical study of different doses of JZOL combined with AZ for the treatment of MPP in children. The objective of clinical research is to evaluate the synergistic effect of different doses of JZOL combined with AZ in the treatment of children with MPP, shortening the course of disease and improving prognosis, while observing the safety of clinical application. At the study endpoint, the median time to clinical recovery showed statistically significant differences (The double-dose group lasts for 5 days, the regular-dose group lasts for 6 days, and the placebo group lasts for 8 days), which were also observed between groups for time to complete fever remission, time to relief of cough/phlegm, effective rate of chest X-ray improvement, and rate of healing of TCM symptoms. Different doses of JZOL combined with AZ have shown the effects of shortening the course of the disease, relieving the symptoms, and improving the prognosis. The research program composed of computational prediction and clinical trials can significantly accelerate the research and development process and identify more effective treatment with good safety, which is worthy of clinical promotion. Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR1800019007.</p>","PeriodicalId":10266,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"97"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12210776/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding the anti-thrombotic effects of leonurine: a multimodal approach combining TCM repositioning and mTOR signaling.","authors":"Xin Dong, Shuaibing Jia, Leifeng Zhang, Yong Liang, Jianhua Zhang, Yi Zhun Zhu","doi":"10.1186/s13020-025-01160-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13020-025-01160-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>As a natural small molecule compound, Leonurine have great potential for application in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, there is still a gap in the treatment of thrombosis with Leonurine.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multimodal heterogeneous network is constructed using ETCM and STRING databases, integrating herbs, ingredients, targets and diseases. A reposition model constructed by random walk and random forests is used to predict the relationship between Leonurine and diseases. In addition, network pharmacology, molecular docking and molecular dynamics are used as computer-aided methods to confirm the target of Leonurine. Finally, CCK-8 assay, Flow cytometry, Western Blotting, and mouse experiments are used to validate the therapeutic potential of Leonurine from the perspective of biological wet experiments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Firstly, based on the accurate prediction results evaluated by indicators, Leonurine is evaluated to have potential therapeutic effects on thrombotic diseases. Through computer-aided methods, mTOR is identified as a potential regulatory factor and may have a similar regulatory mechanism to the marketed drug Everolimus. Experimental results demonstrate that Leonurine reduces thrombotic cell apoptosis and promotes endothelial cell proliferation by inhibiting mTOR signaling. Additionally, in vivo studies show decrease mTOR expression in thrombotic tissues following Leonurine treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings underscore mTOR's critical role in mediating Leonurine's anti-thrombotic effects, supported by both computational and experimental evidence. The study provides a foundation for the application of TCM-derived compounds in modern medicine, particularly in thrombosis treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":10266,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"98"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12220451/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From traditional medicine to modern medicine: the importance of TCM regulatory science (TCMRS) as an emerging discipline.","authors":"Hua Hua, Jian-Yuan Tang, Jun-Ning Zhao, Ting Wang, Jun-Hua Zhang, Jiang-Yong Yu, Chang-Ming Yang, Yan-Ling Ai, Qiao-Xian Luo","doi":"10.1186/s13020-025-01152-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13020-025-01152-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has become a standardized medical system through systematic development across global healthcare practices. However, concerns persist regarding the safety, efficacy and quality of traditional medicinal products. Traditional Chinese medicine regulatory science (TCMRS) has emerged as an interdisciplinary field to address these challenges. This discipline integrates multidisciplinary knowledge to develop new tools, standards and approaches for systematic evaluation of benefit-risk profiles. This approach aims to ensure the quality, safety, and efficacy of TCM products, while also supporting the development of scientifically grounded regulatory frameworks that accommodate traditional medicine's distinctive characteristics. Through comprehensive quality management from raw material sourcing to production processes and clinical validation, developing and adopting TCMRS is entrusted to significantly strengthen its regulatory oversight. This review examines the critical scientific challenges in the modernization process of TCM, analyzes the conceptual foundations of TCMRS, evaluates its pivotal role in pharmaceutical transformation, and highlights its essential function in preserving traditional knowledge while fostering therapeutic innovation. Key challenges for TCMRS implementation include reconciling traditional epistemologies with modern pharmaceutical paradigms, standardizing complex herbal formulations, and developing rigorous evaluation protocols for decoctions and compound preparations. The integration of advanced methodologies, including systems biology, network pharmacology, artificial intelligence, and nanotechnology, into regulatory frameworks, combined with enhanced international cooperation, remains a crucial strategy for tackling global public health challenges. Future development trajectories for TCMRS will prioritize lifecycle management strategies, technology-driven innovation systems, and global knowledge-sharing initiatives, propelled by advancements in life sciences and information technology. This evolution requires careful balancing of three fundamental elements: theoretical development in traditional medicine, integration of emerging technologies, and maintenance of regulatory system stability. It is crucial to innovate the working mechanisms of the TCMRS researcher alliance and the global policy-coordination mechanism for TCM regulation, enhance the conversion of basic disciplines into regulatory applications, and support the establishment of an excellent TCM regulatory system with scientific decision-making. These efforts are essential for promoting the high-quality development of the TCM industry and boosting its international influence and presence.</p>","PeriodicalId":10266,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"92"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12199503/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144494968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}