{"title":"“Revival Process” in the modern Bulgarian Turk’s memory (according to the results of an expedition to Slavjanovo village)","authors":"Anna A. Leontyeva","doi":"10.31168/4469-2030-3.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31168/4469-2030-3.15","url":null,"abstract":"The “Revival Process” is the official name of the forced assimilation of Bulgarian Muslim minorities (Turks and Pomaks) between 1984 and 1989. “Bulgarisation” of Turks was carried out by changing their Turkish and Arabic names to Bulgarian names. This policy also included a number of restrictions on wearing traditional clothes and on speaking Turkish. Field research in the village of Slavjanovo (community of Popovo, Targovishte region, Bulgaria) was conducted in Аugust 2019. The task of the study was to collect ethnographic and historical material for further analyses of the modern memories of the 1984–1989 period. Analysis of the data helps us infer that the “Revival Process” and “Bulgarisation” are perceived as traumatic experiences, which persist in the memory of modern Bulgarian Turks, and is expressed in the form of narratives when communicating on different topics.","PeriodicalId":102438,"journal":{"name":"Russia — Turkey — Greece: Dialogue opportunities in the Balkans","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127925790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Greece and Turkey: cooperation or rivalry in the migration sphere?","authors":"Ksenia V. Vlasova","doi":"10.31168/4469-2030-3.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31168/4469-2030-3.12","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, one of the most significant problems facing the European Union has been the problem of illegal migration, the origins of which can be found in the events of 2011 in the Middle East. The peak of the EU migration crisis was in 2015. However, by the beginning of 2020, experts were talking about stabilizing the migration situation in the European Union and overcoming the migration crisis, although many issues related to obtaining refugee or asylum-seeker status, placement in special camps, etc., are still to be settled. Meanwhile, in February and March 2020, events escalated in Syrian Idlib, where Turkey was one of the most active participants. Wishing to put pressure on the European Union, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan decided to open the state borders to Syrian refugees for their unhindered entry first into Greece and then into the EU. The European Union has real concerns about a repeat of the migration crisis, which could be much more serious than the first. Significantly complicating the current situation is the fact that new illegal immigrants may include both former terrorist operatives and individuals infected with coronavirus, which will exacerbate the uneasy criminal and epidemiological situations in Europe. Greece once again found itself having to deal with numerous illegal immigrants and, unable to handle the situation alone, requested EU assistance. Brussels provided additional material and financial support to the Greeks. The national Hellenic government has also taken certain independent measures to resolve the situation. This chapter analyses recent Greek-Turkish relations in the migration sphere and pays special attention to the current situation on the border with Turkey in 2020.","PeriodicalId":102438,"journal":{"name":"Russia — Turkey — Greece: Dialogue opportunities in the Balkans","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126484159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Archimandrite Leonid (Kavelin) and St. Panteleimon Monastery: on the history of the relations between Russia and Mount Athos in the second half of the 19th century","authors":"I. Kudlasevich","doi":"10.31168/4469-2030-3.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31168/4469-2030-3.06","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines the relations between Russia and Mount Athos in the second half of the 19th century. The author examines certain aspects of the Church and diplomatic activities of Archimandrite Leonid (Kavelin) during his service in the Embassy church in Constantinople (1865–1869). Drawing on previously unused materials published by researchers of Saint Panteleimon Monastery on Mount Athos and archive material from the personal fund of Archimandrite Leonid (Kavelin) (Department of Manuscripts of the RSL, Coll. 148) that have also not yet entered scientific circulation, the author traces the interaction between the chief priest of the Embassy church with N. P. Ignat’ev, who was the head of the Russian diplomatic mission in the East, on the protection of the interests of Russian monasticism on Mount Athos.","PeriodicalId":102438,"journal":{"name":"Russia — Turkey — Greece: Dialogue opportunities in the Balkans","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131558172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Balkans between the Byzantine, Ottoman, and Russian Empires in the historical memory and current foreign policy practices of several countries in the region","authors":"Artyom A. Ulunyan","doi":"10.31168/4469-2030-3.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31168/4469-2030-3.02","url":null,"abstract":"The imperial legacy of the Byzantine, Ottoman, and Russian Empires in the national historical memory in Balkan societies and its actualization in the context of formulation, or reformulation both in socio-political and academic discourses, and as an “action guideline” to the ruling circles of the Balkan countries in the foreign policy sphere, is one of the factors of domestic political life and international Realpolitik in the early 21st century. Simplified unambiguity and “linearity” in the perception of this heritage sets the stage for reference to it in the form of an argument that can explain the historical fate of the Balkan nations at the time of making of a “united Europe”, where its so-called “old”, i. e. Western, part was traditionally viewed as classical Europe throughout the 19th and entire 20th centuries, whilst the Balkans were considered as the outskirts and an area of constant turbulence threatening Europe proper.","PeriodicalId":102438,"journal":{"name":"Russia — Turkey — Greece: Dialogue opportunities in the Balkans","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122157384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"First Russian consuls in the Ottoman Empire during peace and war (1776–1787)","authors":"Olga E. Petrunina","doi":"10.31168/4469-2030-3.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31168/4469-2030-3.03","url":null,"abstract":"Based on official correspondence, this chapter analyses the activities of Russian consuls in the Ottoman Empire who were appointed to their posts after the Russian-Turkish war of 1768–1774, when the foundation of the network of Russian consular offices in the country was laid. In their reports and letters, the consuls reported on the peculiarities of arriving at their place of service; how they were accepted by local authorities and the population; the difficulties they had to face; and peculiarities of the political culture of the host country. Despite the fact that the Russian consuls had an official status, they sometimes met with hostility from local authorities and elites, including Christians. The Russian consuls were in particular danger with the start of the Russian-Turkish war of 1787–1791. Despite temporary difficulties and conflicts, the activities of the first Russian consulates became an important step in the development of Russian-Turkish relations, demonstrating the possibility of their development through means other than confrontation.","PeriodicalId":102438,"journal":{"name":"Russia — Turkey — Greece: Dialogue opportunities in the Balkans","volume":"44 Suppl 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128651407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}