Clinical biochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Low vacuum (3 mL) rapid serum tubes offer better protection from hemolysis than plasma separator tubes collected in the emergency department","authors":"Emily Shang ,&nbsp;Taylor Takasugi ,&nbsp;Pedro Prellwitz ,&nbsp;Cristina Figueroa Villalba ,&nbsp;Rohit B. Sangal ,&nbsp;Arjun K. Venkatesh ,&nbsp;Lisa Maciejak ,&nbsp;Erica Oberle ,&nbsp;Joe M. El-Khoury","doi":"10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2025.110984","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2025.110984","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Hemolysis is a major source of interference with laboratory testing, especially for the emergency department (ED), leading to longer turnaround times for test results, repeated blood draws, delay in care delivery, and increased hospital costs. Rapid serum tubes (RST) can reduce transport-induced hemolysis, especially for samples sent via the pneumatic tube system, as compared with plasma separator tubes (PST). Previously, studies testing the efficacy of RST used larger volume 5 mL tubes to compare to 4.5 mL PST tubes. In this study, a lower vacuum RST (3 mL) is compared to PST (3.5 mL) for hemolysis reduction.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Paired PST and RST blood samples from 47 ED patients were included in this study. RST and PST samples were sent via the pneumatic tube system and inspected for degree of clotting prior to centrifugation. All samples were tested within the hour for high-sensitivity troponin (hs-cTnT), hemolysis, lactate dehydrogenase, and potassium.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Degree of hemolysis was significantly lower in fully clotted RSTs compared to PSTs (p = 0.0005). In RSTs that only partially clotted and PSTs, differences in hemolysis rates were non-significant (p = 0.273). The hs-cTnT levels in RST and PST are concordant with a slope of 0.96, an intercept of 1.01 ng/L and an R-squared value of 0.9318.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Fully clotted low-vacuum RSTs provide improved protection from transport-induced hemolysis compared to low-vacuum PSTs or partially clotted RSTs. Low-vacuum RSTs also provided more hemolysis protection than larger volume RSTs previously studied. Clot formation prior to transport is key to the protective mechanism of RST. Blood device manufacturers are encouraged to develop low vacuum RST for use by the ED and other areas with high hemolysis rates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10172,"journal":{"name":"Clinical biochemistry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 110984"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144728290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) as a predictor of gestational diabetes: Findings from a prospective Iranian cohort study","authors":"Safoura Rouholamin ,&nbsp;Maryam Razavi ,&nbsp;Reihaneh Pirjani ,&nbsp;Mahroo Rezaeinejad","doi":"10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2025.110982","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2025.110982","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) represents a significant metabolic challenge in pregnancy, with relevance for Middle Eastern populations showing high prevalence rates. The metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) has emerged as a potential early predictor, though its performance in Iranian populations remains underexplored.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this prospective cohort study conducted at Arash Women’s Hospital, Tehran (2020–2023), we enrolled 1,845 pregnant women during their first trimester (&lt;12 weeks gestation). Participants underwent comprehensive metabolic evaluation including calculation of METS-IR. GDM diagnosis was established at 24–28 weeks using 75-g oral glucose tolerance test per American Diabetes Association criteria. We employed modified Poisson regression with robust variance estimation to assess associations, adjusting for key confounders identified through directed acyclic graphs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study population demonstrated a GDM incidence of 19.78 % (365/1845). METS-IR showed strong predictive capacity with area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.82 (95 % CI: 0.79, 0.83). At the optimal cutoff of 2.36 (95 % CI: 2.30–2.41), sensitivity reached 72 % (95 % CI: 67, 76 %) and specificity 76 % (95 % CI: 74, 78 %). Adjusted risk ratios revealed a striking dose–response relationship across quartiles: Q2 = 4.21 (2.16, 8.23), Q3 = 8.85 (4.66, 16.78), and Q4 = 18.94 (10.16, 35.29) compared to the reference quartile.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study establishes METS-IR as a robust early predictor of GDM in Iranian women, demonstrating superior performance to conventional metabolic markers. The simple calculation and strong predictive validity suggest its potential for first-trimester risk stratification in clinical practice, particularly valuable in high-prevalence populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10172,"journal":{"name":"Clinical biochemistry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 110982"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144728291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LRG and NGAL are potential diagnosis and disease activity biomarkers for inflammatory bowel disease","authors":"Dongdan Zhang ,&nbsp;Yue Meng ,&nbsp;Dan Li ,&nbsp;Shaomei Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2025.110981","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2025.110981","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and serum leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein (LRG) are reported as potential biomarkers in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but the difference in diagnostic efficacy has not been reported. We aimed to investigate the clinical value of NGAL and LRG in IBD diagnosis and disease assessment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>One hundred IBD patients, including 75 Crohn’s disease (CD) and 25 ulcerative colitis, and 100 healthy controls were enrolled. The serum NGAL and LRG concentrations were quantified by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate their diagnostic performance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The serum concentrations of NGAL and LRG were significantly higher in IBD patients than in healthy controls (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Serum NGAL is significantly correlated with LRG (r = 0.574, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Serum LRG showed a better capacity to identify IBD with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.90 (sensitivity 89 %, specificity 78 %), compared to NGAL with an AUC of 0.84 (sensitivity 85 %, specificity 71 %). Additionally, serum NGAL and LRG were highly correlated with disease activity in CD patients (r = 0.865 and 0.878, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), and gradually increased with disease activity severity (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Serum NGAL and LRG are potential diagnostic and disease activity biomarkers for IBD, which have good clinical application value.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10172,"journal":{"name":"Clinical biochemistry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 110981"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144706544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating an unexpected creatinine result during a pre-intravenous contrast renal function workup","authors":"Madhusudhanan Narasimhan,&nbsp;Kibibi Smith,&nbsp;Alagarraju Muthukumar","doi":"10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2025.110979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2025.110979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Increasing chronic disease incidence drives intravenous (IV) contrast-based diagnostic imaging. While IV procedure is largely safe, contrast-induced neuropathy risk in patients with predisposing factors demand pre-IV renal assessment. Although common, point-of-care creatinine (POC) tests are prone to generating ambiguous results. This frequently result in time-consuming retests, rescheduled appointments, patient distress, and healthcare burdens.</div></div><div><h3>Case Presentation</h3><div>A diabetic, hypertensive, and chronic kidney diseased Caucasian male, aged 61, presented for a scheduled intravenous contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan. His initial POC-based creatinine result of 1.20 mg/dL (106.1 μmol/L) narrowly exceeded the reference interval (0.67–––1.17 mg/dL [59.2 – 103.5 μmol/L]). Given the patient’s pre-existing conditions, laboratory-based creatinine test was performed to reassure his renal function. The new result was found to be 0.95 mg/dL (84 μmol/L), which fell within the normal reference interval. This substantial disparity of 0.25 mg/dL (22.1 μmol/L; 20.8 %) between creatinine tests while delaying the intravenous procedure prompted the clinicians to request an in-depth laboratory investigation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Comprehensive analysis using patient-centered metrics such as index of individuality, reference change value, and subject-based reference interval alleviated the concerns on his renal health and disparity in assay results (&lt;0.3 mg/dL≡ &lt;26.5 μmol/L) total allowable error limit), thus allowing intravenous contrast imaging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10172,"journal":{"name":"Clinical biochemistry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 110979"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DNA methylation levels are independently associated with prevalence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in multifactorial chylomicronemia syndrome","authors":"Simon-Pierre Guay ,&nbsp;Martine Paquette ,&nbsp;Amélie Taschereau ,&nbsp;Véronique Desgagné ,&nbsp;Luigi Bouchard ,&nbsp;Sophie Bernard ,&nbsp;Alexis Baass","doi":"10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2025.110978","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2025.110978","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Multifactorial chylomicronemia syndrome (MCS) is a form of severe hypertriglyceridemia (sHTG) associated with increased risk of acute pancreatitis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). We recently reported suggestive evidence that DNA methylation (DNAm) contribute to the sHTG phenotype in MCS. While few predictors of acute pancreatitis were previously identified in MCS, predictors of ASCVD in MCS remain mostly unknown.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To study the factors associated with previous history of ASCVD in MCS patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 114 patients with MCS were included in this retrospective study. Prevalence of ASCVD was determined at the baseline visit and defined as any atherosclerotic event: angina, myocardial infarction, coronary angioplasty, coronary bypass surgery, claudication, peripheral angioplasty, peripheral arterial surgery, transient ischemic attack, stroke, carotid endarterectomy, and artery stenosis (&gt;50 %). DNAm level at <em>ABCG1</em> (cg06500161), <em>CPT1A</em> (cg00574958), and <em>SREBF1</em> (cg11024682) candidate gene loci was quantified using pyrosequencing of bisulfite-treated DNA.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Univariate analysis showed that age, <em>ABCG1</em> and <em>SREBF1</em> DNAm level, and the presence of obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and maximal TG level &gt; 40 mmol/L were associated with previous history of ASCVD. Multivariate analysis showed that age (OR 1.11 [1.04–1.18], p = 0.0006), <em>SREBF1</em> DNAm levels (OR 1.12 [1.03–1.24], p = 0.01), the presence of a maximal TG level &gt; 40 mmol/L (OR 0.13 [0.02–0.90], p = 0.04), and obesity (OR 3.32 [1.00–11.19, p = 0.05] were independently associated with history of ASCVD and explained 44.8 % of the variability in the prevalence of ASCVD (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study shows that <em>SREBF1</em> DNAm levels are independently associated with prevalence of ASCVD in MCS patients. It suggests that further studies of epivariations may contribute to better understand the clinical heterogeneity seen in MCS patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10172,"journal":{"name":"Clinical biochemistry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 110978"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144632509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low serum thyroglobulin level in A 15-year-old girl with papillary thyroid cancer and multiple neck lymph nodes: a case report","authors":"Nawroz Barwari,&nbsp;Alina-Gabriela Sofronescu","doi":"10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2025.110977","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2025.110977","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common form of differentiated thyroid cancer. Serum thyroglobulin (Tg) is a key biomarker used in postoperative surveillance. However, discrepancies between Tg levels and disease burden may occur, complicating clinical assessment. The report herein proposes to discuss such a case.</div></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><div>We present a case of a 15-year-old girl with a history of total thyroidectomy for PTC (age 13) who developed a new vascular neck mass. Sonographic and cytologic evidence confirmed metastasis. Serum Tg levels (evaluated using concurrent immunoassays and liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry) were detectable, but not proportional to the extent of disease burden, while the fine-needle aspirate (FNA) Tg levels were markedly elevated, consistent with metastatic disease.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>This case illustrates a phenomenon in which the degree of Tg elevation in serum is not proportional to the extent of metastatic disease. We discuss the analytical and biological factors that can contribute to this discordance and highlight the importance of multimodal monitoring strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Clinicians should be aware that any detectable serum Tg in athyreotic patients indicates residual thyroid tissue or disease. However, this might not necessarily correlate well with the degree of metastatic disease. The integration of imaging, FNA cytology, and aspirate Tg measurement is essential for accurate disease assessment, particularly in cases with discordant laboratory findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10172,"journal":{"name":"Clinical biochemistry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 110977"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concentration dependent impact of hemolysis on lipase result: Does it clinically matter?","authors":"Janet R. Zhou ,&nbsp;Andrea Kunst ,&nbsp;Joshua E. Raizman ,&nbsp;Miranda Brun ,&nbsp;Yury Butorin ,&nbsp;Fahed A. Elian ,&nbsp;Lawrence de Koning ,&nbsp;Samantha Logan ,&nbsp;Isolde Seiden-Long ,&nbsp;Heather Paul ,&nbsp;Allison A. Venner ,&nbsp;Albert K.Y. Tsui","doi":"10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2025.110968","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2025.110968","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The hemolysis index (HI) interference threshold for the Roche lipase assay was recently decreased in the package insert from 1000 (10 g/L hemoglobin) to 100 (1 g/L hemoglobin), but limited data was provided to support the change. A decrease in the threshold could increase re-collection rates, disrupt laboratory workflow and change result interpretation. We performed interference studies to verify the new manufacturer HI claim at clinically relevant lipase concentrations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Five lipase concentrations in lithium heparin plasma (36–227 U/L; n = 3–5) were spiked with hemolysates of varying hemoglobin concentrations (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 12 g/L). Lipase concentrations and HI were measured on the Roche Cobas c503 analyzer in triplicate and singleton, respectively, and means and standard deviations of replicates were calculated. Interference was quantified as the absolute and percent differences from the 0 g/L control, then compared against several published total allowable error (TEa) thresholds.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At 1 g/L hemoglobin, the HI was 95 ± 4 and yielded a 0.4–1.0 % difference from baseline across all lipase concentrations. Depending on the TEa criteria used, the lowest lipase concentration group (38 ± 2 U/L) either exhibited significantly (p &lt; 0.05) elevated results starting at 3 g/L hemoglobin (HI = 289 ± 18) or no difference up to 12 g/L hemoglobin (HI = 1171 ± 22). All observed differences were within TEa limits for other lipase concentrations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Hemolysis affected lipase results in a concentration-dependent manner with an analytically significant impact only at lipase concentrations &lt;40 U/L. This study stresses the importance of verifying new manufacturer claims and the value of assessing clinical change impact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10172,"journal":{"name":"Clinical biochemistry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 110968"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144571934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation and validation of an intelligent auto-verification system in a coagulation testing automatic line","authors":"Chaonan Liu ,&nbsp;Xunbei Huang ,&nbsp;Liqin Ling,&nbsp;Qiang Meng,&nbsp;Juan Liao,&nbsp;Jing Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2025.110969","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2025.110969","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the implementation and optimization of a fully automated coagulation testing system integrating dual-coagulation-autoline and auto-verification protocols in a high-throughput laboratory, aiming to enhance operational efficiency, standardization, and clinical utility.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A dual-coagulation-autoline system was deployed, each line equipped with four automated coagulation analyzers. Pre-implementation quality assessments evaluated centrifuge performance, open/closed-cap sampling, robotic arm effects, and sample stability. Auto-verification rules were optimized using several guidelines and validated with 18,373 samples. Key metrics included pass rate, sensitivity, specificity, and turnaround time (TAT).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All centrifuged specimens met platelet-poor plasma criteria (platelet count &lt;10 × 10⁹/L). No significant differences (P &gt; 0.05) were observed between open/closed-cap sampling, robotic arm handling, or room-temperature storage (≤4h). The dual-coagulation-autoline system reduced outpatient and inpatient TAT by 16.78 % (from 49.77 min to 41.42 min) and 33.06 % (from 110.3 min to 73.83 min), respectively, while sample volume increased by 7.9 % (from 74,902 to 80,869). Optimized auto-verification rules achieved a 62.48 % pass rate (11,479/18,373), 100 % sensitivity, 93.50 % specificity, and 0 % false negatives, outperforming initial benchmarks. Auto-verification reduced outpatient and inpatient TAT by 8.29 % (from 41.42 min to 38.25 min) and 16.21 % (from 73.83 min to 63.53 min), respectively, while sample volume increased by 2.8 % (from 80,869 to 83,126).</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The integration of dual-coagulation-autoline and refined auto-verification significantly improved TAT, reduced manual errors, and standardized workflows in a high-volume setting. Personalized system optimization, including dynamic testing allocation and real-time tracking, enhanced clinical efficiency. The validated auto-verification framework demonstrated robust generalizability for large-scale laboratories. The successful application and personalized setting of our laboratory can provide experience for other laboratories.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10172,"journal":{"name":"Clinical biochemistry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 110969"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144567148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the diagnostic potential of serum 5′tRF-Lys as a novel gastric cancer biomarker","authors":"Xiuyu Chu ,&nbsp;Xun Li ,&nbsp;Yang Li ,&nbsp;Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Xinliang Gu ,&nbsp;Xianjuan Shen ,&nbsp;Shaoqing Ju","doi":"10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2025.110966","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2025.110966","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Gastric cancer (GC) is a global health challenge due to its asymptomatic early stages, low sensitivity of traditional serum biomarkers, and the invasiveness of endoscopy, resulting in delayed diagnosis and poor prognosis. The expression levels of tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) significantly influence the emergence and development of malignancies. This study focused on the potential of tsRNAs as serum biomarkers for diagnosing GC.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure 5′tRF-Lys expression levels, validated by agarose gel electrophoresis and Sanger sequencing. Kaplan-Meier survival curves assessed the association between 5′tRF-Lys expression levels and patient outcomes, while receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves evaluated diagnostic accuracy. ROC curves showed that 5′tRF-Lys outperformed traditional serum biomarkers, and combining these markers can enhance diagnostic accuracy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The expression level of 5′tRF-Lys effectively differentiated GC patients from gastritis patients and healthy subjects. 5′tRF-Lys expression is negatively correlated with the T stage, lymph node metastasis, tumor-node-metastasis stage, neuro/vascular invasion, and positively correlated with tumor differentiation. Patients with low serum 5′tRF-Lys had a lower survival rate.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>5′tRF-Lys shows promise as a sensitive and specific biomarker for GC, including early-stage detection and survival prognosis, offering potential clinical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10172,"journal":{"name":"Clinical biochemistry","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 110966"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144563993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical features and capillary zone electrophoresis analysis of 10 patients with extremely elevated serum IgG4 levels","authors":"Qiong Lu,&nbsp;Zhongwei Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2025.110967","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2025.110967","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and aims</h3><div>Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an immune-mediated condition often marked by elevated serum IgG4 levels and diverse clinical presentations, making diagnosis challenging, especially in patients without visible signs. This study aimed to summarize the characteristics of capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) changes caused by high serum concentrations of immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4), provide experience and data for clinical practice, and identify patients with suspected IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) through the details of CZE changes.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Ten patients with extremely elevated serum IgG4 levels were enrolled in this study. The clinical characteristics of these 10 patients were summarized, and the characteristics of CZE were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All 10 patients were men aged 32–82 years; of them, five had an obvious mass or lymph node enlargement on the body surface, while the remaining five patients had kidney lesions, enlarged lymph nodes in the mediastinum, and pancreatic tail occupation. The IgG4 values of the 10 patients were 15.3–80.6 g/L, 7.61–40.10 times higher than the upper limit of the reference range. The IgG levels were elevated in all cases, whereas the immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels were normal. The beta2 peak in CZE disappeared in all 10 cases. Instead, a broad basal bulge appeared where beta2 and gamma were connected and fused with the gamma region. With increasing IgG4 concentrations, the peak value of the bulge in this region increased.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The presence of a beta-gamma bridge in CZE, excluding the increases in IgA and IgM, indicates the presence of high serum IgG4 concentrations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10172,"journal":{"name":"Clinical biochemistry","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 110967"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144548348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}