{"title":"On Controller Design for Unknown Nonlinear Systems with Prescribed Performance and Input Constraints","authors":"P. Mishra, Pushpak Jagtap","doi":"10.1109/ICC56513.2022.10093463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICC56513.2022.10093463","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers the tracking control problem for an unknown control-affine nonlinear system with time-varying bounded disturbance subjected to a prescribed performance and input constraints. For such a problem, we cannot arbitrarily specify any restriction on the input. For the same, we have given a feasibility condition for prescribing input constraints. In addition, we cannot prescribe arbitrary performance constraints when input constraints are present. There is always a trade-off when performance and input constraints are specified simultaneously. To deal with such arbitrary prescription issues, we also devised a feasibility condition for prescribing performance constraints. Furthermore, considering the feasibility condition, we have proposed a low-complexity approximation-free controller, which guarantees that the tracking performance will never violate its prescribed performance and input constraints. Simulation results, including case studies, show the effectiveness of the proposed controller and support the feasibility condition by examining the failure of the tracking performance under unfeasible conditions.","PeriodicalId":101654,"journal":{"name":"2022 Eighth Indian Control Conference (ICC)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133332932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Trajectory tracking of a Quadcopter using Supertwisting Sliding Mode Control","authors":"N. Ghosh, P. Roy","doi":"10.1109/ICC56513.2022.10093308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICC56513.2022.10093308","url":null,"abstract":"The main aim of this paper is to present a robust trajectory tracking of a quadcopter. A quadcopter is a complex, highly non-linear and under-actuated system. Hence, a non-linear control strategy which expands the operating region and improves the stability is best suited. For this purpose a super-twisting sliding mode control (STSMC) strategy is applied which is robust against modelling uncertainties and matched external disturbances. The effectiveness of the presented approach is verified through numerical simulations. A comparative analysis of the applied STSMC technique with a robust backstepping procedure based SMC is done. Results indicate that the applied control algorithm, guarantees enhanced performance in terms of improved trajectory tracking errors along with chattering attenuation.","PeriodicalId":101654,"journal":{"name":"2022 Eighth Indian Control Conference (ICC)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123219132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Mohanty, Chaitanya Jugade, Vaishali Patne, Deepak D. Ingole, D. Sonawane
{"title":"FPGA Implementation of Low Complexity Nonlinear Model Predictive Control Using Deep Learning Approach","authors":"N. Mohanty, Chaitanya Jugade, Vaishali Patne, Deepak D. Ingole, D. Sonawane","doi":"10.1109/ICC56513.2022.10093340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICC56513.2022.10093340","url":null,"abstract":"The main bottleneck in the embedded real-time implementation of nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) is to solve a complex online optimization problem within a sample time on resource-limited hardware. This computational complexity limits its applicability in real-time control applications running on embedded hardware. Motivated by the recent developments in machine learning methods, our idea is to approximate standard NMPC control law with deep neural networks (DNNs) for a nonlinear system. The developed DNN-based NMPC is implemented on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) using low-level C/C++ code, where the activation function is evaluated at each sample time. The performance of the proposed DNN-NMPC is demonstrated with a flying robot control application. The proposed DNN-NMPC is compared with the standard NMPC implemented on the same FPGA board (Xilinx's ZYNQ-7000 SoC ZC706). The hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) co-simulation results of both controllers are presented with a detailed analysis of computational complexity, memory utilization, clock speed, and power utilization. Results show that the FPGA-based DNN-NMPC is fast, resource-efficient, and delivers comparable closed-loop performance compared to standard NMPC. The proposed framework allows one to use an NMPC for systems with high computational complexity, significant resource demand and on low-cost embedded hardware like microcontrollers, digital signal processors (DSPs), programmable logic controllers (PLCs), etc.","PeriodicalId":101654,"journal":{"name":"2022 Eighth Indian Control Conference (ICC)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121589026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Hierarchical Framework for Optimal and Scalable Process Scheduling in Plant Operations","authors":"Ajit Umesh Deshpande, Mayank Baranwal","doi":"10.1109/ICC56513.2022.10093603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICC56513.2022.10093603","url":null,"abstract":"Process scheduling problems are often modeled as mixed-integer nonlinear programs (MINLPs) with a large number of constraints. While meta-heuristics, such as the simulated annealing (SA) algorithm or the genetic algorithm (GA) have been extensively employed to obtain high-quality solutions to MINLPs, their capabilities are limited by the large number of combinatorial constraints and the time required to obtain these solutions. In view of these limitations, this paper presents a hierarchical approach that leverages the capabilities of the satisfiability modulo theory (SMT) for constraint satisfaction and the relative CPU-time competitiveness of the SA algorithm in configuring meta-heuristics for optimal process scheduling subjected to static and temporal constraints. The framework has access to a high-fidelity simulator of the plant, but not the mathematical model. Besides addressing the “hard” operational constraints, our framework also accommodates for “soft” constraints, such as generating schedules that are contiguous and avoid frequent switching between two operational modes.","PeriodicalId":101654,"journal":{"name":"2022 Eighth Indian Control Conference (ICC)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121764369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cluster Consensus of Multi-agent Systems with Second Order Dynamics Over Matrix-weighted Graphs","authors":"G. R., V. Resmi, Rakesh R. Warier","doi":"10.1109/ICC56513.2022.10093252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICC56513.2022.10093252","url":null,"abstract":"Distributed cluster consensus problem for a set of agents with second order dynamics is considered here. In cluster consensus, agents within one cluster converge to a common value, and agents within different clusters converge to a different final value. It is shown that when the agents interact over a matrix weighted graph that is multi-partitioned and structurally balanced, cluster consensus is achieved. An additional cluster consensus scheme where agents update their states with respect to a dynamic common leader, is also developed. Under appropriate connectedness conditions, agent positions are shown to achieve cluster consensus around the leader position and the agent velocities are shown to converge to the leader velocity, asymptotically. Results are analytically shown using Lyapunov theory and are illustrated by numerical simulations.","PeriodicalId":101654,"journal":{"name":"2022 Eighth Indian Control Conference (ICC)","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129381058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Parameterized Adaptive Controller Design using Reinforcement Learning and Deep Neural Networks","authors":"Kranthi Kumar P, K. Detroja","doi":"10.1109/ICC56513.2022.10093404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICC56513.2022.10093404","url":null,"abstract":"This manuscript aims to build a parameterized adaptive controller using Reinforcement Learning (RL) and Deep Neural Networks (DNN). The main objective is to adapt parameters of any given controller structure using RL formulation and achieve better performance. In recent years, reinforcement learning has gained much attention, and its advantages make it ideal for adaptive tuning of parameterized controllers. With the advancement of computational power, it has become easier to approximate a complex policy function using a deep neural network to achieve better accuracy and performance. Conventional Twin Delayed Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (TD3) algorithm may not be able to provide best possible training for a given number of episodes. To improve performance of the TD3 algorithm, dynamic action space is proposed along with modified reward function, designed to aid faster convergence. The proposed algorithm provides improved performance by dynamically modifying the action space in the existing TD3 algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed RL-based parameterized controller is demonstrated through a standard first order system by designing an adaptive PI controller. A case study involving a 3 DOF (Degree of Freedom) gyroscope system, which is an unstable plant, is also presented. For the 3 DOF gyroscope system an adaptive Lead controller is designed, where the proposed algorithm provides faster convergence and better performance compared to the original TD3 algorithm.","PeriodicalId":101654,"journal":{"name":"2022 Eighth Indian Control Conference (ICC)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129679919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A State-Space Perspective on the Expedited Gradient Methods: Nadam, RAdam, and Rescaled Gradient Flow","authors":"Kushal Chakrabarti, N. Chopra","doi":"10.1109/ICC56513.2022.10093397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICC56513.2022.10093397","url":null,"abstract":"Fast gradient-descent algorithms are the default practice in training complex machine learning models. This paper presents the convergence guarantee of two existing adaptive gradient algorithms, Nadam and RAdam, for the first time, and the rescaled gradient flow in solving non-convex optimization. The analyses of all three algorithms are unified by a common underlying proof sketch, relying upon Barbalat's lemma. The utility of another tool from classical control, the transfer function, hitherto used to propose a new variant of the famous Adam optimizer, is extended in this paper for developing an improved variant of the Nadam algorithm. Our experimental results validate the efficiency of this proposed algorithm for solving benchmark machine learning problems in a shorter time and with enhanced accuracy.","PeriodicalId":101654,"journal":{"name":"2022 Eighth Indian Control Conference (ICC)","volume":"321 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124540784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Robust Linear Controller Design for Tilt Quadrotor based on Euler Angles","authors":"Sathyanarayanan Seshasayanan, S. R. Sahoo","doi":"10.1109/ICC56513.2022.10093597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICC56513.2022.10093597","url":null,"abstract":"In the existing literature, the designs of the robust linear controllers are done for the linearized model obtained about the quadrotor's hover flight. As a result, these controllers are not able to satisfactorily track a wide range of attitude changes. This work proposes a robust linear controller design for a tilt quadrotor that guarantees to track a wide range of attitude changes. This design is based on traditional two-loop control schemes where the outer loop controls the vehicle's attitude (orientation) based on Euler angles while the inner loop controls the angular velocity. The robust stability analysis of the proposed controllers has been examined against the model and actuator parameter uncertainties. Hardware results are presented to validate the proposed controller. Video of the experimental results can be found at https://youtube/fA7IcpnkfRk","PeriodicalId":101654,"journal":{"name":"2022 Eighth Indian Control Conference (ICC)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121054826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Asymptotic Observers for Heterogeneous Reaction Systems using the Concepts of Reaction and Mass-transfer Extents","authors":"Nirav P. Bhatt","doi":"10.1109/ICC56513.2022.10093438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICC56513.2022.10093438","url":null,"abstract":"For reaction systems, the state variables (the number of moles) can be expressed using the concepts of extents of reaction and mass transfer for homogeneous and heterogeneous reaction systems. In this work, a general framework for designing asymptotic observers for homogeneous and gas-liquid reaction systems is presented using the concept of the extents. For gas-liquid reaction systems, it is shown that asymptotic observers can be designed using measurements in the gas-phase. The effect of noisy measurements on the estimation of unmeasured concentrations is also discussed. The proposed asymptotic observer approach is illustrated using an example of the chlorination of butanoic acid (gas-liquid reaction system).","PeriodicalId":101654,"journal":{"name":"2022 Eighth Indian Control Conference (ICC)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125984157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exponential Reaching Law based Robust Trajectory Tracking for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles","authors":"Saurabh Kumar, S. R. Kumar","doi":"10.1109/ICC56513.2022.10093309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICC56513.2022.10093309","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the problem of three-dimensional trajectory tracking of unmanned aerial vehicles, specifically quadrotors. Firstly, a two-loop hierarchical control design is proposed based on the time scale separation. Then an asymptotically convergent robust nonlinear control strategy is proposed for both loops to ensure the quadrotor's high precision trajectory tracking using the sliding mode control. In this approach, the reaching law is designed using an exponential function that dynamically adapts to the variation of system states and ensures the chattering reduction in the quadrotor's inputs. The robustness of the proposed controller is tested in the presence of large initial deviations and time-varying disturbances using simulations.","PeriodicalId":101654,"journal":{"name":"2022 Eighth Indian Control Conference (ICC)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134260600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}