Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO最新文献

{"title":"Managing Pseudophakic Corneal Edema: Structural Changes and Preliminary Observations on Coenzyme Q10 Use.","authors":"Umay Güvenç, Züleyha Yalnız Akkaya, Ayşe Burcu","doi":"10.3341/kjo.2025.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/kjo.2025.0027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Pseudophakic corneal edema (PCE) remains a significant postoperative challenge despite advancements in cataract surgery, often delaying visual recovery and affecting refractive outcomes. This study investigates the relationship between keratometric and pachymetric changes during PCE resolution, evaluates factors influencing this process, and examines the efficacy of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) as an adjunct therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted on 88 patients aged 50 and above who developed PCE after uneventful phacoemulsification. Corneal assessments were performed using Pentacam HR, focusing on keratometric and pachymetric changes. Patients were monitored weekly until PCE resolution, defined as a return of central corneal thickness within ±30 microns of preoperative values. Patients received standard postoperative treatment, with a subset also receiving CoQ10 as an adjunct therapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Postoperative visual acuity(VA) improved significantly (p < 0.001). Despite pachymetric normalization, persistent keratometric changes were observed, particularly a steepening of posterior curvature (p<0.001) and increased anterior asphericity (p = 0.047). CoQ10-treated patients exhibited faster edema resolution (p = 0.019), greater reduction in corneal thickness (p = 0.003), and improved transparency. Higher cumulative dissipated energy (CDE) correlated with increased edema severity (r = 0.419, p<0.001) and higher CDE was linked to slower recovery times. Diabetic patients had a prolonged recovery period compared to non-diabetics (p = 0.018), though pachymetric recovery rates were similar.. The Pachymetric Progression Index (PPI) was unreliable in edematous corneas.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While VA and pachymetry improved in all patients, persistent topographic changes suggest incomplete structural normalization. Preliminary findings indicate that adjunctive CoQ10 use may support more efficient corneal edema resolution, as evidenced by faster recovery and favorable structural changes. Further prospective studies are warranted to confirm these observations.</p>","PeriodicalId":101356,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144304275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unilateral Visual Disturbance Due to Posterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy in Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis: A Case Report.","authors":"Sang Hyuk Yim, Daniel Sungchul Choi, Kang Hyun Kim, Chan Yun Kim, Wungrak Choi","doi":"10.3341/kjo.2025.0038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/kjo.2025.0038","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101356,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144304276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Flexible Electrode for Electrical Stimulation of Rabbit Extraocular Muscle.","authors":"Hee Kyung Yang, Lee-Woon Jang, Dong Hyun Kim, Jung-Hyun Lee, Jungsuk Kim, Gheeyoung Choe, Jeong-Min Hwang","doi":"10.3341/kjo.2025.0067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3341/kjo.2025.0067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objective: </strong>To develop a flexible electrode for electrical stimulation of extraocular muscle and to evaluate the safety of applying direct electrical stimulation to muscle and its potential effects on ocular tissue in rabbits.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A flexible electrode was fabricated using a conventional photolithography process. This electrode comprised a 300nm-thick platinum layer embedded within a 30μm-thick polyimide cable. In an in vivo study, five rabbits underwent electrical stimulation of the right superior and inferior rectus muscles. Stimulation consisted of 12 pulses (1 pulse/second, 2.0 mA, 0.1 ms duration) applied for five minutes to the right superior rectus muscle, followed by five minutes to the right inferior rectus muscle. This regimen was performed three times a week for four weeks. Subsequent histological examination was conducted on the conjunctiva, extraocular muscles, sclera, and retina.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Direct electrical stimulation of extraocular muscle using a flexible electrode could successfully elicit eye movement in rabbits. Histologic examination demonstrated no evidence of detrimental effects of the electrical stimulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Direct electrical stimulation of extraocular muscle using a flexible electrode could safely elicit eye movement without any ocular damage in rabbits.</p>","PeriodicalId":101356,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144304274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reinjection in Patients with Intraocular Inflammation Development after Intravitreal Brolucizumab Injection.","authors":"Myung Ae Kim, Soon Il Choi, Jong Min Kim, Hyun Sub Oh, Yong Sung You, Won Ki Lee, Soon Hyun Kim, Oh Woong Kwon, Ju Young Kim","doi":"10.3341/kjo.2024.0125","DOIUrl":"10.3341/kjo.2024.0125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the outcomes of brolucizumab reinjection after intraocular inflammation (IOI) development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed patients with brolucizumab injections from April 2021 to January 2024. Patients who developed IOI after brolucizumab were included and categorized into subgroups depending on reinjection, discontinuation, and further IOI development.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 472 eyes of 432 patients received brolucizumab injections. Thirty-eight cases developed IOI at least once, and 25 continued brolucizumab. Sixteen cases had no more IOI events, and nine experienced a second or more IOI events. Among the nine cases, three maintained brolucizumab injections despite IOI recurrence. The incidence of IOI was 8.1% based on the number of eyes (38 of 472 eyes) and 2.0% based on the number of brolucizumab injections (50 of 2,468 injections). The incidence of occlusive retinal vasculitis was 0.2% (1 of 472 eyes). The recurrence rate was 23.7% (9 of 38 eyes). The average number of injections between the first brolucizumab injection and the injection date on which IOI first developed was 2.15 times in the no-reinjection group, 3.44 times in the no-IOI-recurrence group, and 2.0 times in the second-IOI-episode group. Time to IOI occurrence in cases with first IOI episode was 18.60 ± 16.73 days, with 15 cases developing IOI within 1 week.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study elucidates the real-world incidence of brolucizumab associated IOIs, with a description of information related to reinjections after the IOI episodes. A comprehensive understanding of brolucizumab reinjection is essential for its optimal utilization.</p>","PeriodicalId":101356,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO","volume":" ","pages":"213-221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144048860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management Practice for Hordeolum and Chalazion: A Survey of the Korean Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (KSOPRS) Members.","authors":"Hyun Jin Shin, Jin Sook Yoon, Hokyung Choung, Helen Lew","doi":"10.3341/kjo.2025.0024","DOIUrl":"10.3341/kjo.2025.0024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To determine the current management pattern for hordeolum and chalazion among members of the Korean Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (KSOPRS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An anonymous web-based survey was emailed to 260 current members of the KSOPRS. The survey comprised five sections: differential diagnosis, treatment strategies for hordeolum, treatment strategies for chalazion, postsurgical care, and pediatric-specific approaches.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty KSOPRS members participated in this study (response rate, 30.8%). Redness, swelling, and pain were the most important factors for differentiating hordeolum from chalazion. For hordeolum, topical antibiotics are preferred by 59 respondents (73.8%), with 49 (83.7%) considering them effective. Most (62 respondents, 77.6%) pursue nonsurgical treatment for 5 to 14 days before considering incision and curettage. For chalazion, treatment practices are split between conservative management and invasive methods. Intralesional steroid injections are recommended by 55 respondents (68.8%), with a preference for diluted triamcinolone acetonide. Relative to hordeolum, chalazion treatment involves less frequent antibiotic use, with only 21 respondents (26.3%) always recommending antibiotic ointments. Tissue biopsy is considered for abnormal changes in the surrounding tissues (72 respondents, 90.0%) and frequent recurrence (46 respondents, 57.5%). The practices differ between pediatric and adult cases among 38 respondents (47.5%), with 31 (81.4%) extending conservative management and delaying surgical interventions in pediatric cases. Anesthesia preferences for pediatric cases varied, with 40 respondents (50.0%) favoring local anesthesia, 19 (23.8%) opting for monitored anesthesia care, and 13 (16.2%) choosing general anesthesia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This survey of the management of hordeolum and chalazion by KSOPRS members has revealed several interesting common practices that are considered valuable by current practitioners.</p>","PeriodicalId":101356,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO","volume":" ","pages":"222-240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144060981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Efficacy of Sutureless Amnion Membrane Transplantation for Corneal Epithelialization in Delayed Corneal Healing: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Michelle Eva Rebeca Natalia, Made Susiyanti","doi":"10.3341/kjo.2025.0004","DOIUrl":"10.3341/kjo.2025.0004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To review the current evidence on the efficacy and safety of sutureless amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) for promoting corneal epithelialization in delayed corneal healing disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search was conducted for studies published from January 2003 to December 2023. The inclusion criteria were studies that focused on delayed corneal healing (including persistent epithelial defect, dry eye disease, corneal ulcer, chemical injury, recalcitrant keratitis, or others), observed corneal re-epithelialization as the outcome, with the use of sutureless AM graft. Studies that reported sutureless AM combined with cyanoacrylate or fibrin glue were excluded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 14 studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The most common technique for sutureless AM on the cornea was self-retained cryopreserved AMT. The result of sutureless AMT in various delayed corneal healing disorders showed complete corneal epithelialization occurred in most patients (64.4%) which ranged from 3 to 43 days. There was a low rate of adverse events (pain, 2.9%; displaced AM or lost ring, 1.7%) and complications (sterile infiltrate, 1.8%; corneal perforation, 0.6%; ring trauma, 0.4%; central corneal scarring, 0.2%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sutureless AMT promotes complete corneal epithelialization. It is easier for multiple application, more comfortable, and has a lower risk of suture-related complications. Overall, sutureless AMT is effective and safe for a variety of corneal delayed healing disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":101356,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO","volume":" ","pages":"288-299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144164461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neopterin Levels and Immune Response in Autoimmune Uveitis in an Experiment.","authors":"Nadiia Kuryltsiv","doi":"10.3341/kjo.2024.0118","DOIUrl":"10.3341/kjo.2024.0118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To study and compare the immune response and neopterin levels in the blood in experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A model of EAU was created in 30 Chinchilla rabbits. Intravenous and intravitreal injections of normal horse serum were administered for this purpose. Clinical examinations and blood tests were conducted on days 3, 7, 10, 14, and 21. The blood investigation included the determination of neopterin (NP) level, white blood cell counts, lymphocytes, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD16+.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The peak in white blood cell count was observed on days 7 and 10 (6.4 ± 0.4 g/L and 6.0 ± 0.3 g/L, respectively), lymphocytes on day 3 (68.3% ± 2.4%, 3.0 ± 0.2 g/L), CD3+ on day 7 (64.9% ± 3.1%, 2,032.5 ± 91.2 cells/µL), CD4+ and CD16+ on day 10 (54.6% ± 3.8%, 2,462.3 ± 60.7 cells/µL and 21.8% ± 1.8%, 691.2 ± 37.1 cells/µL, respectively). All these values did not return to the initial ones. There was a gradual decrease in the CD8+ count from day 3 (12.5% ± 1.1%, 142.8 ± 9.1 cells/µL) with a subsequent gradual return towards normal levels by day 21. NP levels incresed on day 3 (5.2 ± 0.7 nmol/L), sustained on day 7 (5.2 ± 0.8 nmol/L), and started to decrease from day 10 (4.25 ± 1.7 nmol/L) to 2.3 ± 0.5 nmol/L on day 21. The highest correlation was observed between clinical manifestations and NP with a correlation coeffient of 0.799 (95% confidence interval, 0.719-0.858), which was significantly stronger (p < 0.05) than the correlations with other immune response markers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>During the modeling of EAU, there is an active immune response and a rapid reaction of NP on inflammation. NP is a significantly more sensitive marker of intraocular inflammation than the immune response. It can serve as a predictor of the onset and development of EAU.</p>","PeriodicalId":101356,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO","volume":" ","pages":"258-268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144176468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delayed-Onset Glaucoma Following Intravitreal Bevacizumab in a Preterm Infant with Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Case Report.","authors":"Hyo Ju Jang, Mi Sun Sung, Sang Woo Park, Hwan Heo","doi":"10.3341/kjo.2025.0002","DOIUrl":"10.3341/kjo.2025.0002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101356,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO","volume":" ","pages":"300-302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of Pterygium on the Refractive Errors: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Nima Rastegar Rad","doi":"10.3341/kjo.2025.0003","DOIUrl":"10.3341/kjo.2025.0003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Pterygium is a chronic, degenerative condition of unknown cause, and its development can lead to significant refractive errors due to localized flattening of the cornea near the central area of the leading edge. However, to date, the impact of pterygium and its surgical removal on refractive errors has not been thoroughly compiled in a comprehensive study. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effect of pterygium surgery on refractive errors and to examine the relationship between the size of the pterygium and its effect on refractive errors both before and after pterygium surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Cochrane methodology was used to design and conduct the present systematic review. Relevant articles published up to December 2024 were searched and collected from four electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE, and Web of Science. Additionally, a manual search was conducted to locate relevant studies. The keywords used in the search included \"pterygium\" combined with terms such as \"refractive errors,\" \"myopia,\" \"hyperopia,\" \"astigmatism,\" and \"presbyopia.\"</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 23 studies including 1,663 eyes were included in this review. In the majority of studies, more than one technique was used, with conjunctival autograft being the most common technique for pterygium treatment. In most reviewed studies, a significant improvement in visual acuity, keratometry values-both horizontal keratometry (K1) and vertical keratometry (K2)-corneal astigmatism, corneal spherical power, surface regularity index, and surface asymmetry index, as well as a decrease in corneal astigmatism, spherical error, and wavefront aberration, were reported after pterygium excision.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pterygium surgery can be effective in reducing refractive errors, including astigmatism, wavefront aberration, and spherical aberration, in various ways. However, this also depends on the size of the pterygium. The findings of this study suggest that early removal of pterygia reduces the likelihood of significant residual aberrations. Pterygia between 3 and 4 mm in size pose a notable risk for residual aberrations.</p>","PeriodicalId":101356,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO","volume":" ","pages":"269-287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144060153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Tonometry Methods in Keratoconic Eyes Following Intracorneal Ring Segments Implantation: A Comparative Study.","authors":"Siamak Zarei-Ghanavati, Seyed Mehdi Tabatabaei, Samaneh Gholamhoseinpour-Omran, Hamed Hosseinikhah-Manshadi, Saeed Banan, Mehdi Aminizade, Kosar Esmaili, Ebrahim Azaripour","doi":"10.3341/kjo.2025.0016","DOIUrl":"10.3341/kjo.2025.0016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare intraocular pressure (IOP) readings from corneas with intracorneal corneal ring segments (ICRS) using various methods, including Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT), Tonopen, corneal-compensated IOP from the Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA), and biomechanically corrected IOP from the Corneal Visualization Scheimpflug Technology (Corvis ST).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional observational study included participants who had undergone ICRS implantation with KeraRing at least 3 months before the study. The mean IOP recorded by different instruments was compared using analysis of variance. Agreement among the methods was assessed with Bland-Altman plots.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 54 eyes from 27 participants were enrolled. The mean IOP measured by Tonopen was significantly lower in the center compared to the peripheral quadrants (p < 0.001). IOP measured by GAT was significantly lower than that measured by Tonopen (13.02 ± 2.31 mmHg vs. 14.50 ± 2.91 mmHg, p = 0.021). There were no significant differences between the IOP measurements provided by Tonopen, ORA, and Corvis ST. The corneal-compensated IOP from ORA and biomechanically corrected IOP from Corvis ST had the highest correlation, with a weak intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.38.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>IOP measurements using Tonopen were significantly lower in the central 5-mm zone compared to other quadrants. GAT measurements were significantly lower than those from Tonopen. Different measurement tools did not show a strong correlation. Corvis ST (biomechanically corrected IOP) tended to present lower readings at higher IOP levels in eyes with ICRS.</p>","PeriodicalId":101356,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO","volume":" ","pages":"231-240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144061157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}