Reproduction & fertility最新文献

{"title":"Chromolaena Odorata and male fertility: Evidence from the testes and epididymis of Wistar Rats.","authors":"Raphael Eguono Uwejigho, Felix Enemali, Victor Emojevwe, Oluremi Marvellous Jesuyomike, Olorunsola Isreal Adeyomoye","doi":"10.1530/RAF-24-0102","DOIUrl":"10.1530/RAF-24-0102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chromolaena odorata is a medicinal plant widely used in traditional medicine, despite its therapeutic applications, there are concerns regarding its potential toxic effects. This study investigates the dose-dependent effects C odorata on male fertility of adult male Wistar. A total of 25 male rats were randomly assigned into 5 groups (n = 5). Group A (Control), received distilled water, while groups B, C, D, and E were administered 120, 200, 500, and 700 mg/kg of the aqueous extract of C. odorata daily for 28 days respectively, after which they were sacrificed. Testicular weights, hormone levels, total protein, and oxidative stress markers were evaluated, and the testis evaluated histologically. GraphPad Prism Version 10.2 was used to analyse the data. Results were described as mean ± Standard Error of Means (S.E.M.). An unpaired t-test (at a 95% confidence level) was used to compare the values of the control and experimental groups.There was a statistically significant reduction (P < 0.05) in testicular weights, hormone levels (LH, FSH, Testos,), total protein concentration and a significant increase in catalase and malondialdehyde in groups D and E. Histomorphological analysis of groups D and E revealed severe structural distortions in the testis, presence of inflammatory cells, collapsed lumen with reduced luminal content, degenerating epithelium, loss of stereocilia cells, and poorly arranged connective tissue fibers. High-dose administration of C. odorata extract induces significant histomorphological damage to the testis, disrupts reproductive hormone levels, and increases oxidative stress, resulting in impaired male fertility in Wistar rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":101312,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction & fertility","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11906150/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143485348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repeated implantation failures and infertility in patients are strongly associated with elevated integrin B3 due to endometrial copy number variation.","authors":"Hong-Xia Xu, Sheng-Ni Liu, Xiaoyi Xiang, Yan Lei, Yun-Xiu Li, Xiang-Jing Tang, Jian-Mei Yu, Li-Mei Tao, Ze Wu, Li Li","doi":"10.1530/RAF-24-0088","DOIUrl":"10.1530/RAF-24-0088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study reveals the association between gene copy number variants (CNVs) and integrin expression in endometrial tissue, especially focusing on patients with repeated implantation failure and unexplained infertility. The CNV expression, integrin αVβ3 (by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and protein immunoblotting), and related clinical indicators were investigated by analyzing endometrial samples from 48 patients with repeated implantation failures and 10 patients with infertility and with no history of implantation issues. The results revealed the presence of CNVs in approximately 31.04% of patients with infertility, mainly affecting chromosomes 2, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 15, 19, and X. Age was associated with CNV occurrence. Integrin β3 expression was significantly higher in the CNV group than in the non-CNV group among patients with repeated implant failure. Clinical indicators related to coagulation were significantly different between the CNV and non-CNV groups. The study indicated a potential association between CNVs, increased integrin β3 expression, and recurrent implant failure. The study provides new information for understanding the complex interactions between genetic variants, integrin function, and coagulation factors by integrating advanced molecular diagnostic techniques, thereby emphasizing the need for a personalized approach in reproductive medicine. These results may redefine the diagnostic paradigm for recurrent implantation failure, laying the foundation for future translational applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":101312,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction & fertility","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11949522/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dyspareunia is rarely assessed in rodent models of endometriosis and interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome.","authors":"Paulina Nunez-Badinez, Razneen Shah, Lysia Demetriou, Bianca De Leo, Jane Meijlink, Judy Birch, Nicole Schmidt, Jens Nagel, Katy Vincent","doi":"10.1530/RAF-23-0083","DOIUrl":"10.1530/RAF-23-0083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Dyspareunia, or pain during sex, is a common and often debilitating symptom in individuals with endometriosis and/or interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS). Despite its significant impact on quality of life, it is frequently overlooked in research. This review evaluates how dyspareunia has been addressed in preclinical investigations of these conditions. A systematic search was conducted using Embase from 1998 to 2021, identifying original in vivo preclinical studies using female rodents to model (i) endometriosis and (ii) IC/BPS. The search aimed to identify studies that assessed dyspareunia. Study quality and risk of bias were evaluated using a modified CAMARADES checklist. Our analysis found 1,286 studies modelling endometriosis and 674 modelling IC/BPS, but only 18 and 1, respectively, measured dyspareunia. The most common method involved vaginal distention in rats, assessed by either behavioural escape responses or visceromotor reflexes of abdominal muscles. Despite the high prevalence of dyspareunia in these conditions, it is rarely measured in preclinical studies. We identify a significant gap in the literature and offer succinct recommendations for future translational research to address this important symptom.</p><p><strong>Lay summary: </strong>Dyspareunia describes pain occurring before, during or after sexual intercourse. This poorly understood symptom is particularly common in people suffering from two chronic pain-related conditions: endometriosis and IC/BPS, severely impacting their quality of life. Therefore, effective treatments addressing painful sex in people with these conditions are needed. To see the benefits of medical research at the patient's bedside, it is important to build from basic science research to preclinical animal studies then to human studies. Our study aims to assess the work that has been done so far at the 'preclinical' stage. Developments have been made in the methodology used to investigate this symptom in animals, and a summary of all the key findings may help build a platform to design future studies. Given the urgent need to develop new therapeutic strategies, attention given to painful sex by scientific medical researchers and physicians needs to improve.</p>","PeriodicalId":101312,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction & fertility","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11770405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142866911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age and serum anti-Müllerian hormone levels as predictors of time to return of menses after chemotherapy.","authors":"Madhavi-Priya Singh, Rashi Kalra, Franca Agresta, Alec Leos, Samith Minu Alwis, Alex Polyakov, Genia Rozen, Kate Stern","doi":"10.1530/RAF-24-0046","DOIUrl":"10.1530/RAF-24-0046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Chemotherapeutic agents result in the loss of growing follicles, which can manifest as amenorrhoea. Alkylating chemotherapy (AC) is known to be more gonadotoxic than non-alkylating chemotherapy (NAC). Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), an indirect marker of ovarian reserve, and age have been investigated as predictors of ovarian function after chemotherapy; however, little is known about the time to return of menses. This study aimed to assess how patient age and baseline serum AMH levels at cancer diagnosis affect the time to return of menses post-chemotherapy. This retrospective cohort study examined oncology patients (n = 67) who underwent chemotherapy and were treated through the Reproductive Services Unit of two institutions in Melbourne, Australia. Primary outcomes included the correlation between age and baseline AMH with time to return of menses after chemotherapy. Secondary outcomes include the change in AMH levels at 6- and 12-months post-completion of chemotherapy. Pairwise correlation of the pre-chemotherapy AMH level and time to return of menses demonstrated statistical significance (Spearman's coefficient, ρ = -0.40) for patients who underwent AC. This analysis in breast cancer patients who underwent AC displayed a negative correlation but was not statistically significant. No association was found between age and time to return of menses for all cancer (NAC or AC) or breast cancer patients who underwent AC. Higher AMH levels prior to AC were associated with an earlier return of menses after chemotherapy. Age at the commencement of chemotherapy was not associated with return of menses. Further prospective research is required to assess post-chemotherapy recovery of AMH.</p><p><strong>Lay summary: </strong>Chemotherapy, used to treat cancer, is known to damage women's ovaries, with certain types having a more toxic effect than others. This may result in a temporary loss of periods while undergoing chemotherapy. AMH is a hormone produced by the ovaries and gives an indication of their level of function. This study looks at whether an individual's AMH or age when beginning chemotherapy can predict the time before the resumption of periods after completing chemotherapy. This study found that for cancer patients who underwent the chemotherapy type known to be more toxic to ovaries, the higher their AMH level was before beginning chemotherapy, the more rapidly their periods would return after completing chemotherapy. Age was not found to accurately predict how rapidly periods would return after completing chemotherapy. This information can be used to inform patients before treatment of the chances of periods returning and, consequentially, pregnancy after the completion of their chemotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":101312,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction & fertility","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11877640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing surface immune markers in successful and non-viable ART pregnancies on the day of hCG measurement: a prospective pilot study.","authors":"Kevin Marron, Conor Harrity","doi":"10.1530/RAF-24-0034","DOIUrl":"10.1530/RAF-24-0034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Blood lymphocyte reference ranges in non-pregnant females are established, but changes in pregnancy are less well understood. The early identification of immunological markers that could suggest an increased risk of early pregnancy loss may allow for timely intervention to improve outcomes. A lymphocytic immunophenotype provides a broad assessment of important immune parameters and potential indicators, which may be of relevance to pregnancy outcome. Comparison of immunophenotype results on the day of a positive hCG after embryo transfer between successful and failed pregnancies allows for this assessment. Baseline non-pregnant lymphocyte percentage and cell/µL profiles were established with a comprehensive panel on 93 age-matched male factor controls. Sixty-five in-vitro fertilisation (IVF) patients had an immunophenotype assessment on the day of a positive hCG, followed by further hCG tests and ultrasound monitoring as required to ultimately evaluate success (live birth) or failure (miscarriage). Thirty-one pregnancies were viable, leading to a live birth, while 34 ended in miscarriage. Total CD56, pNK, NKT, CD4 and CD8 levels were equivalent between all groups. Regardless of the outcome, B lymphocytes increased in pregnancy compared to controls. Of interest, in the later miscarriage cohort, pNK-specific CD69 was reduced (1.6 vs 5.4%, P = 0.02), while CD57+ cells were increased (45.4 vs 38.9%, P = 0.025). Corresponding changes were observed in cell/µL concentrations. Low level CD69 activation and elevated CD56dim and CD57+ NK cells were identified as markers that could potentially identify a pregnancy at risk of miscarriage, with further study needed to explore whether these changes represent cause or effect.</p><p><strong>Lay summary: </strong>Unexplained infertility remains a difficult issue for patients and physicians alike, but despite recent diagnostic strides and innovative methods, there are no clear solutions on the horizon. Pregnancies can still occur in these challenging populations, either spontaneously or by interventions such as IVF. The early identification of various immune markers by blood sampling that may correlate with the subsequent outcome could be beneficial in identifying pregnancies at increased risk of miscarriage and perhaps allowing for timely and effective interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":101312,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction & fertility","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11968024/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142831648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exogenous progesterone supplementation: a strategy to enhance conceptus development in sheep and pigs?","authors":"Maria F Tyree, Claire Stenhouse","doi":"10.1530/RAF-24-0092","DOIUrl":"10.1530/RAF-24-0092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>The inability of animals to get pregnant, pregnancy loss and weak or stillborn offspring are significant economic burdens to livestock producers worldwide. Progesterone, the hormone of pregnancy, has a crucial role in the establishment of pregnancy, and it has been suggested that progesterone supplementation may be a promising strategy to improve pregnancy outcomes and conceptus development. This review article describes the existing literature on progesterone supplementation in sheep and pigs in relation to pregnancy outcomes and conceptus development.</p><p><strong>Lay summary: </strong>Pregnancy loss and weak offspring are significant problems both in humans and in agriculturally relevant species. Progesterone (the hormone of pregnancy) is important for establishing pregnancy and regulating fetal and placental growth, and it is speculated that progesterone supplementation could be a promising method to improve pregnancy outcomes and both fetal and placental growth. This review article describes the existing literature on progesterone supplementation in sheep and pigs in relation to pregnancy outcomes and fetal and placental development.</p>","PeriodicalId":101312,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction & fertility","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11877642/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142866913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic pelvic pain treatment understanding what matters: a social media survey.","authors":"Selina Johnson, Emma Evans, Dharani K Hapangama","doi":"10.1530/RAF-24-0038","DOIUrl":"10.1530/RAF-24-0038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is a debilitating condition that reduces quality of life (QoL). In the United Kingdom, there is currently no standardised treatment pathway for women suffering from CPP. Therefore, it is essential to understand individuals' concerns regarding CPP, their treatment experiences and what they seek from treatment. To do this, we conducted a two-month social media survey focused on the UK population to explore treatment experiences and identify the factors that people consider important to managing their condition. Of 1,279 respondents, women who completed ≥50% of the questions were included (n = 864; 68%). Results suggest that many women are living with moderate-intensity CPP and experience symptoms for 6 years (average) before receiving a diagnosis. Initially, most women see general practitioners and gynaecologists (90%), with varied care beyond these providers. Using an adapted STarT Back tool, 85% of respondents were classified as medium-high risk of poor outcomes based on physical, psychosocial, and psychological risk. Thematic analysis identified that people desire treatment validation/understanding, self-management, and support to manage pain and QoL. Notably, only 26% of respondents report satisfaction with their healthcare experience, suggesting that current treatment approaches do not address these themes. In conclusion, results suggest that treatment should focus on quality-of-life improvement to enhance CPP treatment outcomes and satisfaction. Findings endorse the need for improved and standardised treatment approaches that address patients' needs.</p><p><strong>Lay summary: </strong>CPP is persistent pain in the lower abdomen or pelvis for at least 6 months. It is common and affects approximately 1 in 6 women in the UK. To improve treatment, it is important to understand people's treatment experiences and treatment needs. We conducted a social media survey to understand how people with CPP experience treatment and what they would like from treatment. The survey was posted online for two months (May and June 2023) and received 897 responses. Responses suggested that people experience long waits before receiving help for their pain and that treatment journeys vary greatly. Overall, people reported low treatment satisfaction. People felt that effective treatment should improve pain and QoL. Themes of understanding their pain, knowing how to manage their pain and understanding treatments were identified as important. Clinicians should consider QoL and pain education as part of treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":101312,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction & fertility","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11795530/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143019416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FERTILITY CARE IN LOW AND MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES: Embryologists' practices of care in IVF-clinics in sub-Saharan Africa.","authors":"Trudie Gerrits, Andrea Whittaker, Lenore Manderson","doi":"10.1530/RAF-24-0025","DOIUrl":"10.1530/RAF-24-0025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Despite the centrality of the role of embryologists in in vitro fertilization (IVF), there is relatively little literature on the nature of their work. In this article, we draw on results from a large ethnographic study on the emerging IVF industry in South Africa and reproductive travel in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where IVF clinics and embryologists are scarce. Drawing on qualitative interviews with 11 embryologists, who work(ed) in SSA, we illustrate how their care practices are produced through the interaction of people and things. We emphasize the importance of context in shaping their practices, including the shortage of embryologists, the need to set up 'first' clinics in their respective countries, the paucity of trained counsellors in clinics and the mobility of IVF staff. The embryologists we interviewed performed multiple tasks on top of their laboratory work, including entrepreneurial tasks, advocacy, training, development of regulations, mentoring and patient counselling. They enacted care in several ways, towards gametes and embryos, patients, clinics and the profession. These multiple tasks and care practices make for dynamic and fulfilling careers of the interviewed embryologists but also stretch their capacities. They also raise questions about their contribution to the scarcity of embryological work in SSA. If access to IVF is to be achieved in the SSA region, more embryologists need to be trained and retained.</p><p><strong>Lay summary: </strong>Embryologists play a central role in IVF. Yet, there is limited knowledge about the nature of their work. We examine the work of embryologists in SSA, where IVF clinics and embryologists are scarce. Based on qualitative interviews conducted with 12 embryologists, we illustrate the multiple tasks they perform on top of their laboratory work: entrepreneurial tasks, advocacy, training, development of regulations, mentoring and patient counselling. Context is important in shaping these practices. This includes the shortage of embryologists in the SSA region, the need to set up 'first' clinics in their respective countries, the lack of trained counsellors in clinics and the mobility of IVF staff. These multiple tasks, while professionally fulfilling, raise questions about their contribution to the scarcity of embryological work in SSA, which contributes to the limited access to IVF in this region.</p>","PeriodicalId":101312,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction & fertility","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142690321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of prior levonorgestrel intrauterine device use at the time of embryo transfer.","authors":"Anna Vanderhoff, Andrea Lanes, Elizabeth Ginsburg","doi":"10.1530/RAF-24-0099","DOIUrl":"10.1530/RAF-24-0099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Our objective is to investigate whether infertile women with a history of levonorgestrel intrauterine device (LNG IUD) use have impaired endometrial growth and pregnancy rates after embryo transfer. This is a retrospective cohort study at a single academic medical center of infertile women aged 18-44 with a history of LNG IUD use undergoing their first embryo transfer cycle between January 2019 and January 2021 compared to controls with a history of no prior birth control use (NONE) or prior oral contraceptive (OCP) use. The primary outcome is endometrial thickness prior to embryo transfer. Secondary outcomes are embryo transfer results, including implantation, miscarriage and live birth. Demographic, baseline and cycle characteristics were similar among the three groups. Women with a history of LNG IUD use had thinner endometrial stripes than women with a history of NONE (LNG IUD: 8.93 mm, NONE: 10.32 mm (aRR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.80-0.97)) but not when compared to women with a history of OCP use (OCP: 9.61 mm (aRR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.84-1.01)). Women with a history of LNG IUD use had slightly higher implantation rates than those with NONE history (LNG IUD: 43.37%, NONE: 24.17% (relative risk (RR): 1.79, 95% CI: 1.21-2.45)), though not when compared to prior OCP users (OCP: 38.72% (RR: 1.12, 95% CI: 0.86-1.47)). The remainder of the embryo transfer outcomes were similar among the three groups. In conclusion, prior LNG IUD users have a reduced endometrial thickness at the time of embryo transfer but do not have worse pregnancy outcomes.</p><p><strong>Lay summary: </strong>LNG IUDs (brand names include Mirena, Liletta and Skyla) are some of the most widely used forms of birth control. While these devices are safe and are generally not believed to impact fertility, a few recent articles have suggested the possibility of a long-term impact of prior intrauterine device use on the uterine lining in some patients. As such, we sought to examine uterine lining growth and outcomes of assisted reproduction in an infertile patient population with a history of LNG IUD use compared to infertile women without a history of LNG IUD use. Ultimately, we found that women with a history of LNG IUD use had less uterine lining growth during assisted reproduction cycles, but that they did not have worse pregnancy outcomes when compared to women without a history of levonorgestrel device use.</p>","PeriodicalId":101312,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction & fertility","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11729790/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing equine sperm quality: an alternative to single layer centrifugation for sperm isolation.","authors":"Ashlee Jade Medica, Zamira Gibb, Robert John Aitken","doi":"10.1530/RAF-23-0081","DOIUrl":"10.1530/RAF-23-0081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Graphical abstract: </strong></p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>In vitro semen purification techniques have been developed that seek to mimic the in vivo selection process in order to generate the highest possible chance of oocyte fertilization following artificial insemination. Numerous methods have been developed to isolate functional spermatozoa for artificial insemination, yet only one method, single-layer centrifugation using commercial preparations like EquiPure, has been widely employed. In this study, we have introduced a novel approach for isolating spermatozoa and compared their quality to those isolated using EquiPure. The AI port system (Memphasys, Ltd. in Sydney, Australia) features a disposable cartridge with an inoculation chamber for depositing extended semen and a harvest chamber for extracting isolated spermatozoa. These chambers are separated by a 5 µm polyethylene terephthalate (PETE) membrane, allowing highly motile spermatozoa to migrate from the inoculation chamber to the harvest chamber over a 20-minute period. This migration effectively leaves behind seminal plasma and other cell types, such as leukocytes. Comparative analyses between spermatozoa isolated with the AI port and EquiPure demonstrated that, across all measured sperm parameters, including yield, vitality, motility, morphology, DNA fragmentation, and mitochondrial superoxide generation, the AI port-isolated cells exhibited comparable or superior performance, particularly in terms of DNA fragmentation. In summary, the AI port system demonstrates the potential to efficiently isolate high-quality spermatozoa, possibly offering a cost-effective and user-friendly alternative that may enhance the success rates of artificial insemination in breeding programs.</p><p><strong>Lay summary: </strong>This study aimed to create a new method for refining stallion semen to increase the likelihood of a successful pregnancy through artificial insemination. While there are existing techniques for isolating high-quality sperm, the most common involves a complicated process using a centrifuge, which spins the semen to separate it. This research introduces a new approach called the AI port system that uses a disposable cartridge with two separate chambers for putting in semen and getting out isolated sperm. A membrane between the chambers acts like a filter, letting highly motile sperm swim across, leaving behind unwanted substances like bacteria and blood cells. Compared to the centrifugation method, the AI port system effectively produces sperm with comparable or better quality in various aspects, including vitality, movement, shape, DNA integrity, and energy production. In summary, the AI port system is an easy-to-use alternative with the potential to improve the success of artificial insemination in horse breeding programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":101312,"journal":{"name":"Reproduction & fertility","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11558927/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142515803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}