Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Estimation of fluoride ion concentration in urine after application of silver diamine fluoride in patients with severe early childhood caries.","authors":"K T Shamna, Sharan Sargod, Sham Subraya Bhat, Ajay H T Rao, Shrivya Saloni Mahaveeran, Raksha K Ballal","doi":"10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_403_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_403_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the University of California San Francisco, the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD), and the Food and Drug Administration having approved the use of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) in arresting dentinal caries, literature available on its systemic absorption is limited.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to assess any systemic absorption of fluoride ion following the topical application of SDF in young children.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Children aged between 3 and 6 years who were diagnosed with severe early childhood caries and required rehabilitation were recruited for the study. Before the onset of treatment for the arrest and control of caries, a baseline urine sample as a control was collected from the patient. In accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and AAPD guidelines, SDF was topically applied on a minimum of five carious teeth, following which additional urine samples were collected after 2 h and after 24 h, respectively, of application of SDF. The urine samples were stored at -20°C, and the estimation of fluoride ion concentrations in urine was then ascertained using a fluoride ion selective electrode.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed that the fluoride concentration in urine before application of SDF was 0.66 mg/L ± 0.25 mg/L, and following 2 h of application, it was 1.13 mg/L ± 0.23. However, 24 h postapplication, the urinary fluoride concentration was reduced to 0.63 mg/L ± 0.20, which is close to the baseline value of the control sample.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was no significant systemic absorption of fluoride following the application of SDF, and it could be adopted as an effective and safe agent in the armamentarium for managing caries in young children.</p>","PeriodicalId":101311,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry","volume":"41 4","pages":"282-287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139486624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of frequent exposures of various indigenous sugars on cariogenicity of a biofilm caries model.","authors":"Karunanidhi Kannappan, Preetha Elizabeth Chaly, Shyam Sivasamy","doi":"10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_335_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_335_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to assess and compare the cariogenicity of indigenous sugars (palm sugar, jaggery, and brown sugar) and refined sugar at different frequencies of exposure through a biofilm caries model.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This in vitro study was conducted on 60 extracted human premolar teeth which were randomly divided into four groups (refined sugar, jaggery, palm sugar, and brown sugar) with each group being exposed to their respective sugars at one, three, and five frequencies for 5 min at defined time periods with five sample teeth for each exposure (4 × 3 × 5 = 60). The acidogenicity of biofilm was found by a 5-day pH cycling model. After 5 days, enamel demineralization, protein content, and polysaccharide formation of the biofilm following exposure to various sugars at various frequencies were assessed and compared. Statistical analyses were done using a one-way analysis of variance for intergroup comparisons between various sugars at various levels of frequencies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The enamel demineralization was found to be least in palm sugar with mean percentage surface hardness loss of 8%, 17%, and 25% at one, three, and five frequencies of exposures and this was found to be statistically significant compared to other sugars (P < 0.001). The acidogenicity of biofilm increased with an increase in the frequency of exposures, but none of the indigenous sugars had a drop below 5.5 (critical pH) at a single frequency of exposure indicating less acid production at minimal exposure. The protein content of the biofilm exposed to palm sugar was less on comparison with other sugars and it was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.001). The polysaccharide formation of all sugars was similar at each frequency of exposure and was statistically nonsignificant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>From the results obtained, it was concluded that though cariogenicity increased in all sugars with an increase in frequency of exposure, the level of cariogenicity was least in palm sugar compared to other sugars used in the study. Hence, it is recommended to use palm sugar as an alternative to refined sugar.</p>","PeriodicalId":101311,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry","volume":"41 4","pages":"267-273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139486620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scanning electron microscope analysis to evaluate the effect of pretreatment with ozone and sodium hypochlorite on pits and fissures of primary teeth.","authors":"Mehek Gandhi,&nbsp;Laxmi Lakade,&nbsp;Rucha Davalbhakta,&nbsp;Alok Patel,&nbsp;Shweta Chaudhary,&nbsp;Shweta Jajoo","doi":"10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_352_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_352_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The cornerstone of preventative therapy is made up of pit and fissure sealants and fluorides. Resin sealants have been shown to help reduce fissure decay in both primary and permanent teeth. Etching of primary molars is not effective due to prismless enamel, higher organic content, and diversity in fissure shape. Methods of pretreatment of pits and fissures have been hypothesized to promote microporosities in etched enamel and hence sealant adherence. Examining the etching pattern and surface roughness of the enamel surface can be used to gauge these.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effect of pretreatment with ozone gas and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite solution on pits and fissures of primary teeth to check for the etching pattern and surface roughness.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Thirty noncarious primary molars were sectioned to retain the crowns, and randomly divided into three groups, sodium hypochlorite, ozone gas, and control. Each sample was pretreated with the agent, washed, followed by etching with 37% phosphoric acid. Samples were sectioned and subjected to scanning electron microscope analysis to evaluate the etching pattern and surface roughness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Comparison of the etching pattern in three groups showed a statistically insignificant difference (P=0.364). Surface roughness was highest in the hypochlorite group followed by ozone and control which showed a statistically significant difference (P = 0.001). The surface area between the three groups showed a statistically insignificant difference.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sodium hypochlorite is a better pretreatment agent compared to ozone gas and acid etching alone. However, as all results were not statistically significant further research must be carried out to prove the effectiveness of these agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":101311,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry","volume":"41 3","pages":"258-264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49687308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of ethanolic extract of Cuminium Cyminium as intracanal medicament on common bacteria of endodontic infections: An <i>in vitro</i> study.","authors":"Vinuta Mukundreddy Bhandi,&nbsp;Ramya Pai,&nbsp;Kishore G Bhat,&nbsp;Chetna Bogar,&nbsp;Sadanand Kulkarni,&nbsp;Umesh Bhosle","doi":"10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_303_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_303_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Antimicrobial intracanal medicaments play a vital role in successful outcome of any endodontic procedure. One such plant extract Cuminium cyminium, as intracanal medicaments needs to be researched.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The purpose of this study was in vitro assessment of the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of C. Cyminium in comparison to Calcium hydroxide (Ca[OH]₂) as intracanal medicament against the pathogens of endodontic infection, at an interval 1 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>The study was conducted in the central research laboratory of our institute. Freshly prepared C. cyminium extract was procured from AYUSH approved laboratory and direct contact test (DCT) was utilized, which is based on turbidometric determination of microbial growth in a 96-well microplate, carrying 6 times for each bacteria.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Three groups were assigned for each material in a 96 microwell plate for DCT. Bacterial growth kinetics was monitored at intervals of 1 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h using spectrophotometer at 595 nm. The optical density of T2 (Test group), P2 (Positive control), and N2 (Negative control) was considered.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis used: </strong>After compiling the data, based on the normality of data, further statistical analysis was conducted using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Paired t-test, and pairwise comparisons by Turkey's multiple post hoc procedures. The level of statistical significance was set at P = 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The comparison of mean optical density values of C. cyminium in comparison with Ca(OH)₂ against the microorganisms of endodontic origin showed a statically significant decrease in bacterial viability at the end of 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that C. cyminium has significant antibacterial action against endodontic origin, at interval of 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h.</p>","PeriodicalId":101311,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry","volume":"41 3","pages":"246-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49687299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the effectiveness of photobiomodulation therapy as an alternative method to local anesthesia injection in pediatric dentistry.","authors":"Hajar Mahmoud Diab,&nbsp;Magda A El-Malt,&nbsp;Yomna Osama Mourad","doi":"10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_305_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_305_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The idea of receiving local anesthesia (LA) via an injection is a major source of dental fear and anxiety. In children, dental anxiety is considered the main reason for avoiding dental treatments. Moreover, there are potential complications during/after LA administration. Thus, it is necessary to search for painless, low-risk, and nonpharmacological anesthetic approaches.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy as an alternative method to LA injection for conventional restorative treatments in pediatric patients.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>This was a split-mouth randomized clinical study.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study included 15 children between 6 and 12 years old. Each child had 2 similar contralateral caries lesions in the first permanent molars in the same jaw, total (30) teeth. For each child, one tooth was treated under conventional LA injection and the other was treated under PBM-based anesthesia. The Wong-Baker's Faces Pain Scale was used for reporting the pain and discomfort levels at the end of the treatments.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis: </strong>Data statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Mann-Whitney U-test was used to compare between the groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PBM-based anesthesia group recorded a mean pain score of 2.27 ± 1.28. The conventional LA group recorded a mean pain score of 1.73 ± 0.7. The difference between the groups was not statistically significant (P = 0.168).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PBM-based anesthesia may be an optional alternative to LA injection for conventional restorative treatments in children with dental anxiety, needle phobia, or special needs, and it deserves further studies and improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":101311,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry","volume":"41 3","pages":"222-227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49687300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of resin infiltration (ICON) and microabrasion-remineralization technique with two remineralizing agents (Tooth Mousse and Toothmin) on permanent incisor hypoplasia - A randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Yash Shah,&nbsp;Anshula Deshpande,&nbsp;Aishwarya Jain,&nbsp;Vidhi Jaiswal,&nbsp;Mudra Andharia","doi":"10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_245_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_245_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The study aims to compare the effect of resin infiltration and microabrasion-remineralization (MAb-Re) with Tooth Mousse and Toothmin on permanent incisor hypoplasia.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study included children with permanent incisor hypoplasia above 9 years of age, 171 teeth divided randomly into four groups: Group A - ICON, Group B - MAb-Re using Tooth Mousse, Group C - MAb-Re using Toothmin, and Group D - control group. Process involved taking standardized photographs at T1 - before intervention, T2 - immediately after treatment, and T3 - 6-month follow-up. Color evaluation, area calculation, participant and expert opinion using a Likert scale, treatment time, and cost-effectiveness were all taken into consideration during the assessment.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis used: </strong>Data were collected, entered into a computer, and analyzed; one-way ANOVA was used for intergroup assessment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall color change was evident immediately after treatment in the ICON group compared to other groups (P < 0.05). However, no significant difference in color change was visible between the groups after 6 months. Reduction in hypoplastic area was seen in all the groups. The mean time was similar for all the groups. Toothmin was found to be the most cost-effective in comparison with the other two interventions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ICON proved to be more effective immediately after treatment for masking incisor hypoplasia. However, at 6-month follow-up interval, all the groups gave similar results.</p>","PeriodicalId":101311,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry","volume":"41 3","pages":"204-215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49687298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and correlates of dental caries among 2-5 years children with special reference to breastfeeding in Kamrup District, Assam.","authors":"Chandana Kalita,&nbsp;Meghali Langthasa,&nbsp;Anjan Kumar Saikia,&nbsp;Ankumoni Saikia,&nbsp;Sthitaprajna Medhi","doi":"10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_350_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_350_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dental caries among children is one of the most common health-related issues worldwide.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To find out the prevalence of dental caries among 2-5 years old children in Kamrup district of Assam with reference to breastfeeding and associated variables.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this community-based cross-sectional study, 1439 children were examined from 15 wards of Kamrup Metro and four randomly chosen blocks of Kamrup Rural. Children were examined to assess the mean decayed/filled primary teeth (dmft) index, and a self-administered validated questionnaire was given to the mothers to collect data on the practice of breastfeeding initiation, its duration, and dental hygiene habits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dental caries prevalence was found to be higher in urban areas (54.6%) than rural areas (45.4%). The frequency of using toothpaste was highest among the tooth-cleaning materials. A significant difference in caries prevalence was observed among the children, those who brushed twice a day, and those who did not brush (P = 0.039). The difference was significant in the mean dmft of children from the upper socioeconomic class (P = 0.023) compared with the other classes. A significant difference was also observed between breastfeeding duration (P = 0.010), exclusive and nonexclusive breastfeeding, time of initiation of breastfeeding within 12 h (P < 0.001), and alternative feeding with caries prevalence (P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dental caries were higher in urban localities and upper socioeconomic classes. Breastfeeding initiation and duration may play an important role in the causation of dental caries. No significant association was found between colostrum, prelacteal feeding, and caries prevalence.</p>","PeriodicalId":101311,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry","volume":"41 3","pages":"197-203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49687305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salivary biomarker C-reactive protein levels in children with sleep problems and Class II malocclusion before and after twin-block therapy.","authors":"Trupti B Bhosale,&nbsp;Vabitha Shetty,&nbsp;Meghna Bhandary,&nbsp;Prajna P Nayak","doi":"10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_338_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_338_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Disturbances in sleep affects the overall quality of a child's life, with several short- and long-lasting consequences. Hence, early diagnosis and monitoring is crucial in the management of sleep disorders in children.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate salivary C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in a group of children with Class II malocclusion and sleep problems before and after twin-block appliance therapy.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>The study was a prospective clinical study with a 9-month follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>Eleven children aged 8-12 years with skeletal Class II malocclusion and at least one sleep disorder were enrolled in the study. All children were subjected to a recording of their sleep history and a clinical as well as radiographic examination. Pretreatment levels of salivary CRP were recorded. A twin-block appliance was custom made and delivered to every child. At the end of 9-month follow-up, all children were recalled for a re-evaluation of salivary biomarker levels.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis: </strong>Pretreatment and posttreatment changes in biomarker levels were assessed statistically using the students paired t-test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Levels of salivary biomarker CRP were significantly decreased in children following myofunctional therapy using a twin-block appliance (P < 0.001). There was a considerable improvement in the clinical symptoms such as a decrease in snoring and noisy breathing in most children post-twin-block therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The measurement of salivary biomarker CRP could be used as an alternative and noninvasive method to evaluate prognosis of oral myofunctional therapy for children with sleep disordered breathing.</p>","PeriodicalId":101311,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry","volume":"41 3","pages":"190-196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49687307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatrician's perception of oral health in children - A qualitative study.","authors":"Geetha Priya Pollachi-Ramakrishnan,&nbsp;Sharath Asokan,&nbsp;Chandrakantha Balaraman,&nbsp;Sudhandra Viswanath,&nbsp;Yogesh Kumar Thoppe Dhamodharan","doi":"10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_431_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_431_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background It is important to assess pediatrician's perception on children's oral health as they tend to meet children early on a regular basis. Quantitative research has shown that pediatricians in India have inadequate knowledge and limited awareness about oral health care in children. Hence, it is important to assess pediatrician's opinion and perception on children's oral health using qualitative interview method.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of the study is to assess and explore the perception of pediatricians on children's oral health in Western Tamil Nadu, India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A grounded theory approach was employed to conduct this qualitative study. Face-to-face interviews with the pediatricians were conducted using a semi-structured interview guide. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Collected data were written as codes, from which categories and themes were derived.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four themes arrived: (1) dental health and disease, (2) anticipatory guidance, (3) barriers, and (4) remedial measures. The participants felt that they were underinformed about dental home, emergency care for dental trauma, and the interceptive role of dentists on oral deleterious habits. Insufficient dental information in their curriculum and the absence of common guidelines between pediatricians and pediatric dentists in India were considered the common causes for their lack of knowledge.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pediatricians were receptive to acquire knowledge and improvising their skills. They felt that periodic lectures and formal gatherings should be planned between pediatric dentists and pediatricians. Collaborations between pediatrics and pediatric dentistry societies are warranted to provide children with better oral health care.</p>","PeriodicalId":101311,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry","volume":"41 3","pages":"239-245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49687304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of micromorphological changes in enamel using SEM analysis after conventional and erbium, chromium:yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet hard-tissue laser fissurotomy: An <i>in vitro</i> study.","authors":"Priyanka Aggarwal,&nbsp;Pallavi Anand,&nbsp;Kopal Singh,&nbsp;Pulkit Jhingan,&nbsp;Manvi Malik,&nbsp;Shivani Mathur","doi":"10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_214_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_214_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Well articulated by John Knowles - \"Everything has to evolve or else it perishes.\" With the paradigm shift of emphasis toward the prevention of dental caries, it has been proven that laser irradiation protects against both caries initiation and caries progression.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the micromorphology of caries-free extracted premolars using a Scanning electron microscope (SEM) after fissurotomy by conventional fissurotomy bur and erbium, chromium: yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet (ER, CR: YSGG) hard-tissue laser.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Sixty caries-free premolars extracted atraumatically for orthodontic treatment were included in the study. The samples were divided into two groups randomly (Group 1: fissurotomy by bur, n = 30, and Group 2: fissurotomy by hard-tissue laser, n = 30). Each sample was further divided into halves from the occlusal surface wherein one-half of the occlusal surface received fissurotomy procedure and the other half was control. Samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for micromorphological changes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Profile image of control samples revealed the disorganization of enamel surface at the junction of fissures forming a heterogeneous tissue and agglomeration of enamel with deep pit and fissure. On the contrary, the image of experimented samples (with laser fissurotomy) showed smooth enamel surface and homogeneous enamel subsurface with wider pit and fissure owing to self-cleansing ability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>On the grounds of the present study results, it could be concluded that the intervention of ER, CR: YSGG hard-tissue laser possesses self-cleansable pit and fissures for caries prevention and has the potential to irradicate the smear layer entirely for superior attachment of remineralizing agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":101311,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry","volume":"41 3","pages":"253-257"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49687297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}