Journal of cannabis research最新文献

{"title":"Sleep, psychological symptoms, and cannabis use before, during, and after COVID-19 \"stay-at-home\" orders: a structural equation modeling approach.","authors":"Nicole P Bowles, Sean P M Rice, Joey Hebl, Alicia V Stewart, Steven A Shea","doi":"10.1186/s42238-025-00269-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42238-025-00269-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Given the frequent use of cannabis for sleep and mental health symptoms, we aimed to prospectively examine the reciprocal relationship between sleep, mental health, and cannabis use from before, during, and 1 year after the implementation of COVID-19 stay-at-home orders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five hundred thirty-four young adults (21-34 years old) from Oregon and Washington States who previously completed a survey on their sleep and cannabis use prior to stay-at-home orders (T0), were followed up after initial stay-at-home orders were in place for approximately two months (T1), and one year later (T2), to reassess sleep and cannabis use. Sleep measures included the presence of sleep trouble [yes/no], and weekday and weekend sleep duration. The Cannabis Use Disorders Identification Test Revised (CUDIT-R) was used to assess past-six-month cannabis use. The follow up surveys additionally measured mental health symptoms and other health behaviors. We applied cross-lagged panel models to assess the association between cannabis use and sleep at all three time points. Multivariate parallel latent change score models were used to assess associations between changes in cannabis use, sleep, mental health symptoms, and other behavioral factors from T1 to T2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For the cross-lagged models, reporting sleep trouble at T0 was associated (β = 0.18, p < 0.05) with higher CUDIT-R scores at T1, however this relationship did not hold from T1 to T2. CUDIT-R scores were not associated with sleep trouble from T0 to T1, however CUDIT-R at T1 had a positive association (β = 0.35, p < 0.05) with sleep trouble at T2. The two-wave latent change score model, indicated that change in sleep trouble between T1 and T2 was positively associated with changes in depression (r = 0.37, p < 0.05) and anxiety (r = 0.40, p < 0.05) across this period. No significant correlation was found between changes in cannabis use and changes in sleep trouble.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest an inconsistent bidirectional link between sleep trouble and cannabis use. Only sleep trouble, and not cannabis use, predicted mental health measures. These associations lend support for a holistic approach to designing and implementing public health measures during a global pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":101310,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cannabis research","volume":"7 1","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11931863/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143702607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiology, yield and nutritional contribution of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) grown under different fertiliser types and environments.","authors":"Mdungazi K Maluleke, Kgaogelo R Thobejane","doi":"10.1186/s42238-025-00273-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42238-025-00273-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The eradication of poverty and malnutrition are some of the main goals set by the United Nations through the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 1 and 2. Humans have traditionally used Cannabis sativa L. for a variety of purposes, including medicine and as a raw ingredient for goods with added value such as drinks, cakes, and oil. The crop has gained considerable popularity in various industries due to its usage either as a fresh or processed material. The growing demand for Cannabis sativa's raw materials for a range of applications has led to a steady increase in its cultivation. Because of this constant growing demand, it is essential that growers have a thorough awareness of all environmental conditions, particularly light intensity and the right fertiliser, for improvement of plant growth, yield and quality. Therefore, the study objective was to investigate the combined effect of different fertiliser types (chemical and organic) on the yield and biochemical constituents of Cannabis sativa under varying growing environments (shade net and open space), to enable comparative analysis to be done to assist growers in producing high-quality Cannabis sativa crops for commercial purposes. Fresh and freeze-dried samples were used to measure the yield and biochemical constituents. The treatment combination of shade net and chemical fertiliser resulted in superior inflorescence water content (40.2 g) and total phenols (14.7 GAE/100 g DW) compared to other treatments. Potassium content (989 mg/100 g DW) was superior under the treatment combination of chemical fertiliser and the open space environment compared to other treatments. Therefore, growers must consider the combination of light intensity and chemical fertiliser for yield and quality maximisation, whether under shade net or open space growing environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":101310,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cannabis research","volume":"7 1","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11929295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143695007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of medicinal hemp: a qualitative analysis of clinicians' perspectives in Ghana.","authors":"Radolf Ansbert Nortey, Anoa Aidoo, Seth Kwabena Amponsah","doi":"10.1186/s42238-025-00271-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42238-025-00271-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous studies have explored the perspectives of health care professionals on the use of medicinal hemp, but they were mostly situated in high income countries. This study sets out to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs of health care professionals regarding the use of hemp in clinical therapy vis-à-vis the legislative framework in Ghana.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the perspectives of physicians on the use of medicinal hemp and its legalization in Ghana.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A qualitative study employing purposive sampling and face-to-face in-depth interviews was conducted among twenty (20) physicians practicing in Ghana. The interviewees were selected based on specialty and scope of practice. The in-depth interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and thematically analyzed using the Theory of Planned Behavior.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty (20) clinicians participated in the study. Fourteen (14) respondents were male and six (6) were female. The medical specialties of the interviewees were anaesthesiology, oncology, neurology, and orthopaedics. The identified themes include clinical use, stigma (sociocultural classification of cannabis), clinical non-prescription, policy landscape and regulatory control.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prescribers' intention to recommend medicinal hemp is influenced by a complex interplay of various socio-political factors such as knowledge, policy, cultural environment, and stigma.</p>","PeriodicalId":101310,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cannabis research","volume":"7 1","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912765/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143652962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State funding for cannabis research: an analysis of funding mechanisms and levels.","authors":"Agnes Balla, Raymond G Boyle, Christina Dempsey","doi":"10.1186/s42238-025-00264-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42238-025-00264-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This paper examines cannabis research funding across U.S. states that have legalized cannabis for medical or adult (non-medical) use. It specifically looks at state legislative efforts to fund cannabis research, and the amount and mechanisms used for funding distribution.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We reviewed the text of legalization measures within states allowing medical or adult use (non-medical) cannabis for statutory language relating to research or scientific funding. When statutory language on research or scientific funding was not readily available or unclear in the legislative text, we reviewed state government websites or reference materials, or contacted state officials directly.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, we found that 17 out of 38 states that have passed either medical or adult use laws have legislation that specify a funding mechanism for cannabis research. Of the 17 states that have legislation directing funding to research, only 12 have allocated funding to date. Of those states that have allocated funding, six states distributed funds directly to an academic institution and five moved funding first through state agencies. One state - California - distributed research funding to both an academic institution and through the state cannabis regulatory agency. The amount of funding varies significantly across the states.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>States have much to gain from scientific advancements in the cannabis field, especially as they navigate a preponderance of public policy issues without a federal structure to lean upon. However, with less than half of states that have legalized cannabis use in some form providing funding for research, there is a missed opportunity for states to increase understanding of the risks and benefits of cannabis use within their state. There is also a missed opportunity for researchers and cannabis regulators to collaborate on informing policy options and developing future evidence-informed cannabis regulations. There is a need for more states to consider adopting mechanisms to support cannabis research.</p>","PeriodicalId":101310,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cannabis research","volume":"7 1","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11908053/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143635053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulatory sandboxes as an innovative platform for testing Cannabis edibles in Germany.","authors":"Hana Al Hallaj, Zahraa Barakat","doi":"10.1186/s42238-025-00263-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42238-025-00263-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper explores the effectiveness of using Regulatory Sandboxes (RS) to legalize THC edibles in Germany. While RSs have been extensively studied in sectors like Fintech and Healthtech, their application in introducing novel cannabis products or services remains underexplored. Utilizing Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) across three countries namely Brazil, the state of Arizona and Thailand, we identify potential conditions for successful implementation of RS in the cannabis industry. Consequently, we propose the establishment of a tailored RS in Germany for cannabis edibles, aiming to foster innovation and drive revenue within the cannabis sector. The paper introduces a novel concept and paves the way for more research in the fields of RS and cannabis.</p>","PeriodicalId":101310,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cannabis research","volume":"7 1","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11871622/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143538225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CANDI: a web server for predicting molecular targets and pathways of cannabis-based therapeutics.","authors":"Srinivasan Ekambaram, Jian Wang, Nikolay V Dokholyan","doi":"10.1186/s42238-025-00268-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42238-025-00268-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cannabis sativa L. with a rich history of traditional medicinal use, has garnered significant attention in contemporary research for its potential therapeutic applications in various human diseases, including pain, inflammation, cancer, and osteoarthritis. However, the specific molecular targets and mechanisms underlying the synergistic effects of its diverse phytochemical constituents remain elusive. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing targeted, effective cannabis-based therapies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To investigate the molecular targets and pathways involved in the synergistic effects of cannabis compounds, we utilized DRIFT, a deep learning model that leverages attention-based neural networks to predict compound-target interactions. We considered both whole plant extracts and specific plant-based formulations. Predicted targets were then mapped to the Reactome pathway database to identify the biological processes affected. To facilitate the prediction of molecular targets and associated pathways for any user-specified cannabis formulation, we developed CANDI (Cannabis-derived compound Analysis and Network Discovery Interface), a web-based server. This platform offers a user-friendly interface for researchers and drug developers to explore the therapeutic potential of cannabis compounds.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analysis using DRIFT and CANDI successfully identified numerous molecular targets of cannabis compounds, many of which are involved in pathways relevant to pain, inflammation, cancer, and other diseases. The CANDI server enables researchers to predict the molecular targets and affected pathways for any specific cannabis formulation, providing valuable insights for developing targeted therapies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>By combining computational approaches with knowledge of traditional cannabis use, we have developed the CANDI server, a tool that allows us to harness the therapeutic potential of cannabis compounds for the effective treatment of various disorders. By bridging traditional pharmaceutical development with cannabis-based medicine, we propose a novel approach for botanical-based treatment modalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":101310,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cannabis research","volume":"7 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866588/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of cannabidiol-based products in Brazil: how can current regulations influence their labeling quality?","authors":"Andrea Donatti Gallassi, André Wagner Carvalho de Oliveira, Nathália Silva Mendes, Renato Filev, Eduardo Yoshio Nakano","doi":"10.1186/s42238-025-00270-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42238-025-00270-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is concern about the quality of cannabis-based products used in Brazil, mainly cannabidiol (CBD). This study aimed to evaluate the quality of labeling on CBD products marketed in Brazil authorized by two regulations - N660/2022 on imported products and N327/2019 on products with temporary trade permits - and whether there were differences between them concerning four domains: prescription, good manufacturing practices (GMP), laboratory tests, and safety of use. Determined labeling quality was based on a score of 45 criteria divided per domain and weights from 1 to 3 (according to the relevance for users' and prescribers' safety) built by public information provided by product manufacturers/representatives on websites and e-mail consultations. The quality score was classified as very satisfactory, satisfactory, or not very satisfactory, represented in median and interquartile range. Between the N327 and N660 products, the quality scores were compared using the Mann-Whitney U-test. All tests considered two-tailed hypotheses and a significance level of 5%. After applying the inclusion criteria, from 148 products selected, 105 were evaluated. Most of the evaluated CBD products were classified as satisfactory (47), followed by not very satisfactory (39) and very satisfactory (19). The N327 products presented information that was more accessible than the N660 products. Similarly, there was a significant difference between the two groups concerning the domains of prescription and safety of use; products in the N327 showed better results than those in the N660. This study contributes to the urgent debate on the quality of labeling and the risks of CBD widely marketed in Brazil.</p>","PeriodicalId":101310,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cannabis research","volume":"7 1","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11846405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143477329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cannabinoid spoilage, metabolism and cannabidiol(CBD) conversion to Tetrahydrocannabinol(THC) mechanisms with energetic parameters.","authors":"Alwyn Henriques","doi":"10.1186/s42238-024-00239-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42238-024-00239-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chemical redox mechanisms and thermodynamic parameters of the Cannabinoids Δ⁹-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) were determined theoretically and using activated complex theory then compared to physical experimentations of chemical spoilage by Pholsiri T et al. and intramolecular conversion of CBD to thc by Daniels. R. et al. Thermodynamic parameters were derived from activated complex theory using standard bond enthalpy data from the elments of Physical Chemistry by Atkins ((Atkins, Elements of Physical Chemistry, 2001)). Situations where psychotropic cannabinoids found in CBD based products were also understood due to the parameters that drive the reduction process of conversion to THC. The metabolism process of cannabinoids has been detailed from consumption to excretion with mechanistic support to deactivation and glucuronidation in order to have a cannabis standard established.</p>","PeriodicalId":101310,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cannabis research","volume":"7 1","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11809059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bycatch of common pollinators in pheromone baited traps for monitoring corn earworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Missouri Industrial Hemp.","authors":"Clement Akotsen-Mensah, Isaac N Ativor, Caroline N Foba, Valliyodan Babu","doi":"10.1186/s42238-025-00266-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42238-025-00266-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several traps are recommended for monitoring corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), an important pest of field, vegetable and fruit crops in the U.S. These traps, which are meant to capture H. zea in many cases end up capturing other insects. Helicoverpa zea has recently been found feeding on different seeds and dual-type (seed and fiber) hemp, Cannabis sativa L. (Rosales: Cannabaceae) causing serious damage. Limited work has been done on developing integrated pest management (IPM) for H. zea industrial hemp in Missouri.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated the attractiveness of different traps with the aim of developing a monitoring system for the adult male H. zea in industrial hemp fields in two Missouri locations. In addition, we recorded other non-target insects in the traps to determine trap selectivity. Commercially available green, clear, tricolor bucket traps Heliothis Scentry and Scentry Delta 1X traps baited with H. zea sex pheromones were evaluated in 2021 and 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tricolor traps captured significantly more adult male H. zea than the other traps in both years. Non-target insects, mainly Xylocopa virginica (L.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae), Bombus spp. (Hymenoptera: Apidae), and Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) were also captured. The tricolor trap captured the most bees.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The presence of non-target species highlights the risk of using tricolor traps as a monitoring tool. This data provides information for planning the monitoring of corn earworm in industrial hemp farms in Missouri.</p>","PeriodicalId":101310,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cannabis research","volume":"7 1","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro characterization the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of hemp (Cannabis sativa spp.) varieties cultivated in Northern Alabama.","authors":"Aaron Dudley, Lamin S Kassama, Armitra Jackson-Davis, Ernst Cebert, Xianyan Kuang","doi":"10.1186/s42238-025-00258-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42238-025-00258-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants, especially those recognized for their medicinal properties, are an excellent source of bioactive components and are attracting considerable interest in the food industry due to their natural bioactivity. In this context, hemp species (Cannabis sativa spp.) were investigated for such applications because of their well-documented antibacterial and antioxidant activities. However, the bioactive efficacy of varieties being introduced in Northern Alabama and their implications for food safety have not been studied. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial and antioxidative potential of four hemp varieties grown at the Alabama A&M University, Winfred Thomas Agricultural Research Station in Northern Alabama using three different extraction solvents (deionized water, acetone, and ethanol). Antioxidant potential was evaluated by DPPH free radical scavenging activity (2, 2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl), Total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Antibacterial activity against cocktails of enteric pathogens, including Listeria monocytogenese, E. coli O157:H7, and Salmonella enterica was evaluated for optical density using a BioScreen-C microtiter. Also, the disc diffusion extraction yield was evaluated to determine the best extraction solvent. Data were expressed as mean ± standard error (n = 3) and ANOVA (P ≤ 0.05). The ethanolic extracts exhibited the the highest extraction yield at 25.29 ± 0.70% (RE), while the antioxidant result demonstrated that the ethanolic extracts had the highest DPPH free radical scavenging activity at 64.03 ± 0.26% (RE). The results of the antibacterial studies showed that ethanolic hemp extracts exhibited significantly higher growth inhibition against all foodborne pathogens > 70% (p ≤ 0.05). The results show that the ethanolic extracts has significant extraction yield and bioactivity, highlighting ethanolic extract utilization in future antimicrobial nanofiber application.</p>","PeriodicalId":101310,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cannabis research","volume":"7 1","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11783707/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}