Journal of cannabis research最新文献

{"title":"Regulatory sandboxes as an innovative platform for testing Cannabis edibles in Germany.","authors":"Hana Al Hallaj, Zahraa Barakat","doi":"10.1186/s42238-025-00263-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42238-025-00263-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper explores the effectiveness of using Regulatory Sandboxes (RS) to legalize THC edibles in Germany. While RSs have been extensively studied in sectors like Fintech and Healthtech, their application in introducing novel cannabis products or services remains underexplored. Utilizing Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) across three countries namely Brazil, the state of Arizona and Thailand, we identify potential conditions for successful implementation of RS in the cannabis industry. Consequently, we propose the establishment of a tailored RS in Germany for cannabis edibles, aiming to foster innovation and drive revenue within the cannabis sector. The paper introduces a novel concept and paves the way for more research in the fields of RS and cannabis.</p>","PeriodicalId":101310,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cannabis research","volume":"7 1","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11871622/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143538225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CANDI: a web server for predicting molecular targets and pathways of cannabis-based therapeutics.","authors":"Srinivasan Ekambaram, Jian Wang, Nikolay V Dokholyan","doi":"10.1186/s42238-025-00268-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42238-025-00268-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cannabis sativa L. with a rich history of traditional medicinal use, has garnered significant attention in contemporary research for its potential therapeutic applications in various human diseases, including pain, inflammation, cancer, and osteoarthritis. However, the specific molecular targets and mechanisms underlying the synergistic effects of its diverse phytochemical constituents remain elusive. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing targeted, effective cannabis-based therapies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To investigate the molecular targets and pathways involved in the synergistic effects of cannabis compounds, we utilized DRIFT, a deep learning model that leverages attention-based neural networks to predict compound-target interactions. We considered both whole plant extracts and specific plant-based formulations. Predicted targets were then mapped to the Reactome pathway database to identify the biological processes affected. To facilitate the prediction of molecular targets and associated pathways for any user-specified cannabis formulation, we developed CANDI (Cannabis-derived compound Analysis and Network Discovery Interface), a web-based server. This platform offers a user-friendly interface for researchers and drug developers to explore the therapeutic potential of cannabis compounds.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analysis using DRIFT and CANDI successfully identified numerous molecular targets of cannabis compounds, many of which are involved in pathways relevant to pain, inflammation, cancer, and other diseases. The CANDI server enables researchers to predict the molecular targets and affected pathways for any specific cannabis formulation, providing valuable insights for developing targeted therapies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>By combining computational approaches with knowledge of traditional cannabis use, we have developed the CANDI server, a tool that allows us to harness the therapeutic potential of cannabis compounds for the effective treatment of various disorders. By bridging traditional pharmaceutical development with cannabis-based medicine, we propose a novel approach for botanical-based treatment modalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":101310,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cannabis research","volume":"7 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866588/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of cannabidiol-based products in Brazil: how can current regulations influence their labeling quality?","authors":"Andrea Donatti Gallassi, André Wagner Carvalho de Oliveira, Nathália Silva Mendes, Renato Filev, Eduardo Yoshio Nakano","doi":"10.1186/s42238-025-00270-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42238-025-00270-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is concern about the quality of cannabis-based products used in Brazil, mainly cannabidiol (CBD). This study aimed to evaluate the quality of labeling on CBD products marketed in Brazil authorized by two regulations - N660/2022 on imported products and N327/2019 on products with temporary trade permits - and whether there were differences between them concerning four domains: prescription, good manufacturing practices (GMP), laboratory tests, and safety of use. Determined labeling quality was based on a score of 45 criteria divided per domain and weights from 1 to 3 (according to the relevance for users' and prescribers' safety) built by public information provided by product manufacturers/representatives on websites and e-mail consultations. The quality score was classified as very satisfactory, satisfactory, or not very satisfactory, represented in median and interquartile range. Between the N327 and N660 products, the quality scores were compared using the Mann-Whitney U-test. All tests considered two-tailed hypotheses and a significance level of 5%. After applying the inclusion criteria, from 148 products selected, 105 were evaluated. Most of the evaluated CBD products were classified as satisfactory (47), followed by not very satisfactory (39) and very satisfactory (19). The N327 products presented information that was more accessible than the N660 products. Similarly, there was a significant difference between the two groups concerning the domains of prescription and safety of use; products in the N327 showed better results than those in the N660. This study contributes to the urgent debate on the quality of labeling and the risks of CBD widely marketed in Brazil.</p>","PeriodicalId":101310,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cannabis research","volume":"7 1","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11846405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143477329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cannabinoid spoilage, metabolism and cannabidiol(CBD) conversion to Tetrahydrocannabinol(THC) mechanisms with energetic parameters.","authors":"Alwyn Henriques","doi":"10.1186/s42238-024-00239-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42238-024-00239-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chemical redox mechanisms and thermodynamic parameters of the Cannabinoids Δ⁹-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) were determined theoretically and using activated complex theory then compared to physical experimentations of chemical spoilage by Pholsiri T et al. and intramolecular conversion of CBD to thc by Daniels. R. et al. Thermodynamic parameters were derived from activated complex theory using standard bond enthalpy data from the elments of Physical Chemistry by Atkins ((Atkins, Elements of Physical Chemistry, 2001)). Situations where psychotropic cannabinoids found in CBD based products were also understood due to the parameters that drive the reduction process of conversion to THC. The metabolism process of cannabinoids has been detailed from consumption to excretion with mechanistic support to deactivation and glucuronidation in order to have a cannabis standard established.</p>","PeriodicalId":101310,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cannabis research","volume":"7 1","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11809059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bycatch of common pollinators in pheromone baited traps for monitoring corn earworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Missouri Industrial Hemp.","authors":"Clement Akotsen-Mensah, Isaac N Ativor, Caroline N Foba, Valliyodan Babu","doi":"10.1186/s42238-025-00266-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42238-025-00266-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several traps are recommended for monitoring corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), an important pest of field, vegetable and fruit crops in the U.S. These traps, which are meant to capture H. zea in many cases end up capturing other insects. Helicoverpa zea has recently been found feeding on different seeds and dual-type (seed and fiber) hemp, Cannabis sativa L. (Rosales: Cannabaceae) causing serious damage. Limited work has been done on developing integrated pest management (IPM) for H. zea industrial hemp in Missouri.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated the attractiveness of different traps with the aim of developing a monitoring system for the adult male H. zea in industrial hemp fields in two Missouri locations. In addition, we recorded other non-target insects in the traps to determine trap selectivity. Commercially available green, clear, tricolor bucket traps Heliothis Scentry and Scentry Delta 1X traps baited with H. zea sex pheromones were evaluated in 2021 and 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tricolor traps captured significantly more adult male H. zea than the other traps in both years. Non-target insects, mainly Xylocopa virginica (L.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae), Bombus spp. (Hymenoptera: Apidae), and Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) were also captured. The tricolor trap captured the most bees.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The presence of non-target species highlights the risk of using tricolor traps as a monitoring tool. This data provides information for planning the monitoring of corn earworm in industrial hemp farms in Missouri.</p>","PeriodicalId":101310,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cannabis research","volume":"7 1","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro characterization the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of hemp (Cannabis sativa spp.) varieties cultivated in Northern Alabama.","authors":"Aaron Dudley, Lamin S Kassama, Armitra Jackson-Davis, Ernst Cebert, Xianyan Kuang","doi":"10.1186/s42238-025-00258-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42238-025-00258-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants, especially those recognized for their medicinal properties, are an excellent source of bioactive components and are attracting considerable interest in the food industry due to their natural bioactivity. In this context, hemp species (Cannabis sativa spp.) were investigated for such applications because of their well-documented antibacterial and antioxidant activities. However, the bioactive efficacy of varieties being introduced in Northern Alabama and their implications for food safety have not been studied. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial and antioxidative potential of four hemp varieties grown at the Alabama A&M University, Winfred Thomas Agricultural Research Station in Northern Alabama using three different extraction solvents (deionized water, acetone, and ethanol). Antioxidant potential was evaluated by DPPH free radical scavenging activity (2, 2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl), Total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Antibacterial activity against cocktails of enteric pathogens, including Listeria monocytogenese, E. coli O157:H7, and Salmonella enterica was evaluated for optical density using a BioScreen-C microtiter. Also, the disc diffusion extraction yield was evaluated to determine the best extraction solvent. Data were expressed as mean ± standard error (n = 3) and ANOVA (P ≤ 0.05). The ethanolic extracts exhibited the the highest extraction yield at 25.29 ± 0.70% (RE), while the antioxidant result demonstrated that the ethanolic extracts had the highest DPPH free radical scavenging activity at 64.03 ± 0.26% (RE). The results of the antibacterial studies showed that ethanolic hemp extracts exhibited significantly higher growth inhibition against all foodborne pathogens > 70% (p ≤ 0.05). The results show that the ethanolic extracts has significant extraction yield and bioactivity, highlighting ethanolic extract utilization in future antimicrobial nanofiber application.</p>","PeriodicalId":101310,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cannabis research","volume":"7 1","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11783707/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging past and present: exploring Cannabis traditions in Armenia through ethnobotanical interviews and bibliographic prospecting.","authors":"Manica Balant, Teresa Garnatje, Daniel Vitales, Marine Oganesian, Joan Vallès, Nina Stepanyan-Gandilyan, Airy Gras","doi":"10.1186/s42238-025-00259-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42238-025-00259-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cannabis sativa L. (Cannabaceae) has been widely used by humans throughout its history for a variety of purposes (medicinal, alimentary and other uses). Armenia, with its rich cultural history and diverse ecosystems, offers a unique context for ethnobotanical research about traditional uses of Cannabis. The present work aims to study and preserve the local traditional knowledge about Cannabis in Armenia by conducting interviews with informants and through a literature review.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The first part of the dataset was gathered with ethnobotanical surveys, through questionnaires conducted with 27 informants. The second part of the data was obtained from a comprehensive bibliographic search in English, Armenian and Russian language. Since the data acquisition was different, the quantitative analyses (calculation of the number of use reports and percentages) were performed separately.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the interviews 52 use reports and 3 vernacular names were recorded, while the bibliographic data from 20 references, provided us with 56 use reports and 17 Cannabis vernacular names, from the 5th century to 2020. Our results indicate that medicinal applications, particularly for human ailments, and fibre use have markedly dwindled, contrasting with earlier epochs. However, the Cannabis seeds continue to be consumed in celebrative and symbolic dishes such as aghandz and tolma.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The recent decline in the medicinal use of Cannabis contrasts with earlier periods when access to pharmacological remedies was limited, and societal views of the plant were more positive. This shift can be partly attributed to the impact of legal restrictions. In contrast, the use of Cannabis seeds for alimentary purposed is importantly maintained nowadays. As medicinal use, fibre use has also declined, largely due to the availability of more competitive modern products. The loss of vernacular names over time, as detected in this study, also reflects the erosion of traditional knowledge, which correlates with diminishing use. Despite the small sample size and limited geographic scope, the combination of two approaches-information from contemporary informants and a systematic bibliographic review-has provided valuable insights into the changes in the traditional use of Cannabis in Armenia, that has not been explored in this way before.</p>","PeriodicalId":101310,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cannabis research","volume":"7 1","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11780856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143070550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility pilot of a novel coaching intervention to optimize cannabis use for chronic pain management among Veterans.","authors":"Kevin F Boehnke, Gabrielle Bowyer, Jenna McAfee, Tristin Smith, Catherine Klida, Vivian Kurtz, Evangelos Litinas, Poonam Purohit, Anne Arewasikporn, Dana Horowitz, Laura Thomas, Jennifer Eckersley, Mia Railing, David A Williams, Daniel J Clauw, Kelley M Kidwell, Amy S B Bohnert, Rachel S Bergmans","doi":"10.1186/s42238-025-00265-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42238-025-00265-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic pain is common among Veterans, some of whom use cannabis for pain. We conducted a feasibility pilot study of a novel coaching intervention to help Veterans optimize use of medical cannabis products for pain management (NCT06320470).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The intervention drew from scientific literature, consultation with cannabis experts, Veteran input via a Community Advisory Board, and tenets of motivational interviewing. Participants were Veterans with chronic pain who endorsed current use or interest in using cannabis for pain management. Participants received up to 4 individual coaching sessions via videoconference, spaced approximately 2 weeks apart. We assessed feasibility (adherence, satisfaction, acceptability) and preliminary effects on pain symptoms 14 weeks after baseline. The primary outcome was the Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC), and exploratory outcomes included domains from the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS)-29.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 22 enrolled participants, 17 attended 4 coaching sessions, 2 attended 3 sessions, and 2 attended 2 sessions. Among those who completed end of intervention surveys (16/21), 87.5% were very or completely satisfied with the intervention and 81.3% rated coaching as very or extremely helpful. All participants reported improvement on the PGIC, with 63% reporting much or very much improvement. Participants reported statistically significant decreased pain intensity (7.1/10 vs. 5.7/10) and pain interference (T-score 66.3 vs. 61.8), and increased social satisfaction (T-score 41.4 vs. 44.3). Participants noted helpful intervention factors, including co-developing a personalized plan, discussing questions/concerns, and trying different approaches to cannabis-based treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this feasibility pilot study of coaching on cannabis use for chronic pain among Veterans, participants were satisfied with the intervention and reported clinically significant improvements in pain symptoms. Our results support evaluating this intervention in a larger, efficacy trial.</p>","PeriodicalId":101310,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cannabis research","volume":"7 1","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11762892/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143044028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CBD for pets: navigating quality assurance, safety standards, and marketing strategies.","authors":"Hannah Rideout, Alasdair J C Cook, Anthony D Whetton","doi":"10.1186/s42238-024-00257-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42238-024-00257-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As the human cannabinoid (CBD) market grows, there is an inevitable transfer of the same or similar products into the veterinary sector. Advances in veterinary medicine and care of companion animals has led to extended life expectancy and consequently, there is an increased incidence of age-related chronic conditions that compromise quality of life. CBD products may alleviate these conditions. Research into CBD for companion animal species is on the rise, however, we found that there are no licensed veterinary CBD products available in the market due to a lack of appropriate testing and/or data. Here we outline the data that is available and show that the regulatory, and safety considerations around these products needs further consideration and this encompasses many products currently available on the market. Changes in regulations and further research for quality assurance are paramount to distribution of safe and applicable products for companion animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":101310,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cannabis research","volume":"7 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11755934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143030695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral cannabidiol did not impair learning and memory in healthy adults.","authors":"Hanna H Gebregzi, Joanna S Zeiger, Jeffrey P Smith, Libby Stuyt, Luann Cullen, Jim Carsella, Daniel C Rogers, Jordan Lafebre, Jennah Knalfec, Alfredo Vargas, Moussa M Diawara","doi":"10.1186/s42238-025-00262-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42238-025-00262-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The effect of oral Cannabidiol (CBD) on interference during learning and memory (L&M) in healthy human volunteers has not been studied.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A two-arm crossover, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted at Colorado State University Pueblo (CSU Pueblo) to evaluate the effects of 246 mg oral CBD on L&M in healthy adults. Among 57 healthy volunteers enrolled, 35 were included in the analyses. For assessment of L&M, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) was used to evaluate verbal baseline cognitive function; RAVLT-R tests (List A and List B recalls, Proactive and Retroactive Interference ratios, and Forgetting Speed ratio) were used to evaluate verbal declarative memory; and total prose recall was used to evaluate verbal logical memory. Linear Mixed Models with Bonferroni Corrections were used to compare L&M results between primary outcomes (CBD vs. placebo) and secondary demographic outcomes, with a two-tailed statistical significance of P < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CBD administration did not affect any of the dependent variables measured compared to the placebo group. There were no effects of THC, history of CBD use, or sex on CBD's modulation of L&M. However, a highly significant interaction effect between treatment groups (CBD vs. placebo) and age of subjects was observed for the PI ratio (P = 0.008; n = 35).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this study suggest that administration of oral CBD alone does not significantly impair L&M in healthy adults. However, age might influence CBD related modulation of proactive interference during human L&M. Future research involving a larger group of older adults is needed to confirm this potential effect.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The study was approved by the CSU Pueblo IRB, conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06074172).</p>","PeriodicalId":101310,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cannabis research","volume":"7 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756171/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143029511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}