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Multinode models and dynamic testing methods of solar collectors 太阳能集热器多节点模型及动态测试方法
Solar & Wind Technology Pub Date : 1990-01-01 Epub Date: 2003-03-05 DOI: 10.1016/0741-983X(90)90040-9
S.E. Frid
{"title":"Multinode models and dynamic testing methods of solar collectors","authors":"S.E. Frid","doi":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90040-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90040-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present solar collector mathematical models and thermal testing methods, based on the latter, are reviewed. The exact solution of a two-node flat-plate solar collector model is obtained, and three-node model is introduced. The flat-plate solar collector thermal testing procedure is suggested, in which the necessity of collector temperature stabilization is avoided.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101171,"journal":{"name":"Solar & Wind Technology","volume":"7 6","pages":"Pages 655-661"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0741-983X(90)90040-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82058248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Experimental study on a self-adapting Darrieus—Savonius wind machine 自适应Darrieus-Savonius风机的实验研究
Solar & Wind Technology Pub Date : 1990-01-01 Epub Date: 2003-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/0741-983X(90)90030-6
Jna. Gavaldà, J. Massons, F. Díaz
{"title":"Experimental study on a self-adapting Darrieus—Savonius wind machine","authors":"Jna. Gavaldà,&nbsp;J. Massons,&nbsp;F. Díaz","doi":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90030-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90030-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the present paper a study of the starting torque and power coefficient of the Darrieus and Savonius machines have been realized. The results obtained were used to design a Darrieus-Savonius combined machine which is also fully analysed. Finally, a new design of the Darrieus-Savonius combined rotor is proposed and analysed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101171,"journal":{"name":"Solar & Wind Technology","volume":"7 4","pages":"Pages 457-461"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0741-983X(90)90030-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91058266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 47
Performance of solar ponds with wind suppressors 带有风抑制器的太阳能池的性能
Solar & Wind Technology Pub Date : 1990-01-01 Epub Date: 2003-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/0741-983X(90)90022-T
I.A. Tag, M.A. Hassab
{"title":"Performance of solar ponds with wind suppressors","authors":"I.A. Tag,&nbsp;M.A. Hassab","doi":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90022-T","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90022-T","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The effect of wind suppressors on the performance of a 4 m<sup>2</sup> solar pond, operating under the environment of the Arabian Gulf area characterized by windy, hot and humid conditions, is investigated experimentally. In addition to using screen nets on the pond's perimeter, two arrangements of wind suppressors of PVC floating pipes are considered. Climatological data relevant to the operation of solar ponds in this area namely wind speeds and evaporation rates are presented. Results of both salinity and temperature over a one year period are presented to evaluate the effect of wind suppressors and thermal insulation on the performance of the pond. The gradient zone was disturbed by invoking localized convective zones of different thicknesses to examine the effect of wind suppressors on the healing of those zones. Results show that wind suppressors of the floating piping type, can considerably slow down the movement of the upper convective-gradient zone interface and prohibit any formation of localized convective zones. Thermal insulation is a prerequisite for operating small solar ponds even in hot climates.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101171,"journal":{"name":"Solar & Wind Technology","volume":"7 4","pages":"Pages 367-377"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0741-983X(90)90022-T","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80230875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Performance of a solar driven compound NH3/H2OH2O/LiBr absorption refrigeration system in athens 太阳能驱动化合物NH3/H2OH2O/LiBr吸收式制冷系统在雅典的性能
Solar & Wind Technology Pub Date : 1990-01-01 Epub Date: 2003-03-05 DOI: 10.1016/0741-983X(90)90043-2
D.A. Kouremenos, K.A. Antonopoulos, E. Rogdakis
{"title":"Performance of a solar driven compound NH3/H2OH2O/LiBr absorption refrigeration system in athens","authors":"D.A. Kouremenos,&nbsp;K.A. Antonopoulos,&nbsp;E. Rogdakis","doi":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90043-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90043-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A solar driven, high efficiency, compound refrigeration system is considered, made up of two cooperating absorption parts, which use NH<sub>3</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>O and H<sub>2</sub>O/LiBr solutions, respectively. Solar heat is given to the vapour generator of the NH<sub>3</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>O unit, and the heat produced by the absorber and the condenser of this unit is supplied to the vapour generator of the H<sub>2</sub>O/LiBr unit. A method for simulating the operation of the compound system has been developed and applied for predicting the hour by hour performance of the system operating during the typical year in Athens, for which solar radiation and ambient temperature data are available. An optimization study for the compound and the individual cycles has also been made. Very high performance of the system has been predicted. For example, on 21 May, the calculated theoretical coefficient of performance is 219% while the corresponding theoretical values of single H<sub>2</sub>O/LiBr and NH<sub>3</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>O units are 93% and 65% respectively. The corresponding calculated cooling power produced by the system is 543 W/m<sup>2</sup>-collector. An annual analysis shows that the cooling produced by a NH<sub>3</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>O unit in Athens is 0.87 GJ/m<sup>2</sup>-year, while the present compound system gives an impressive increase to 3 GJ/m<sup>2</sup>-year.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101171,"journal":{"name":"Solar & Wind Technology","volume":"7 6","pages":"Pages 685-697"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0741-983X(90)90043-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88108927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
A survey of wind energy potential in Nigeria 尼日利亚风能潜力调查
Solar & Wind Technology Pub Date : 1990-01-01 Epub Date: 2003-03-05 DOI: 10.1016/0741-983X(90)90083-E
J.O. Ojosu, R.I. Salawu
{"title":"A survey of wind energy potential in Nigeria","authors":"J.O. Ojosu,&nbsp;R.I. Salawu","doi":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90083-E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0741-983X(90)90083-E","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this presentation, wind speed, direction and frequency distribution data obtained from meteorological data are used to analyse wind energy characteristics and availability in Nigeria. The result presents the mean wind energy density estimates and the potential for application in the country. The results show that wind energy conversion systems can be used to provide energy for the rural communities of Nigeria and that it can be used in the effort to check rural to urban migration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101171,"journal":{"name":"Solar & Wind Technology","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 155-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0741-983X(90)90083-E","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91637426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 67
Digital parameter-adaptive control for a solar concentrator 太阳能聚光器数字参数自适应控制
Solar & Wind Technology Pub Date : 1990-01-01 Epub Date: 2003-03-05 DOI: 10.1016/0741-983X(90)90075-D
G. Stavrakakis, G. Kapsiotis, M. Santamouris
{"title":"Digital parameter-adaptive control for a solar concentrator","authors":"G. Stavrakakis,&nbsp;G. Kapsiotis,&nbsp;M. Santamouris","doi":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90075-D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0741-983X(90)90075-D","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The discrete-time control algorithm of a solar concentrator unit is presented. This system is required to supply thermal energy so that the outlet working fluid temperature could be kept constant. A simple linear finite-difference approximation of the process dynamics provides the basis for the controller design. No initial knowledge of the values of the approximate process model parameters is necessary as the on-line identification procedure is incorporated in the contrll algorithm. Control design and Recursive Estimation Methods has been combined toobtain Self-Tuning Regulators. The results of computer simulation indicate that a very satisfactory performance of the solar collector can be achieved using self-tuning regulators. Moreover the proposed regulators are suitable for microprocessor-based system implementation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101171,"journal":{"name":"Solar & Wind Technology","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 97-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0741-983X(90)90075-D","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91637429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Adobe as a thermal regulating material 土坯作为热调节材料
Solar & Wind Technology Pub Date : 1990-01-01 Epub Date: 2003-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/0741-983X(90)90025-W
M.A.Eben Saleh
{"title":"Adobe as a thermal regulating material","authors":"M.A.Eben Saleh","doi":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90025-W","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90025-W","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Adobe as a building material has a distinctive thermal characteristic which differentiates it from other conventional building materials such as cement, clay and insulation materials. Adobe is found to be a thermal regulating and not a conducting or an insulating building material. This distinctive thermal characteristic is determined through a comparative analysis of thermal performance of prototypical models sharing the same form, shape, activities and context; but constructed with different materials. The comparisons are made by utilizing a predefined computer program using transient heat transfer method and thermal response factor technique.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101171,"journal":{"name":"Solar & Wind Technology","volume":"7 4","pages":"Pages 407-416"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0741-983X(90)90025-W","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86070050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 19
Prediction of a photovoltaic system performance using cumulative frequency curves of radiation 利用辐射累积频率曲线预测光伏系统性能
Solar & Wind Technology Pub Date : 1990-01-01 Epub Date: 2003-03-05 DOI: 10.1016/0741-983X(90)90066-B
France Lasnier, S. Sivoththaman
{"title":"Prediction of a photovoltaic system performance using cumulative frequency curves of radiation","authors":"France Lasnier,&nbsp;S. Sivoththaman","doi":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90066-B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0741-983X(90)90066-B","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The system performance of stand-alone photovoltaic systems is analysed. From the hourly radiation data for Bangkok (from 1984 to 1987) the cumulative frequency curves of radiation are generated and a typical meteorological day (TMD) is created each year. The system performance is determined using both the TMD radiation and the actual radiation values. The comparison results show that the TMD method can be applied for the sizing of stand-alone photovoltaic systems. The storage batteries of realistic sizes usually exhibit a daily cyclic variation in state-of-charge, with constant load consumption. Only very large and unrealistic sizes of batteries show a seasonal variation in state-of-charge. This is the fact that prompted the attempt to predict the system performance for a season by using a single representative day (TMD) of that season. Apart from giving reliable results, the TMD method significantly reduces the computation time and simplifies the process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101171,"journal":{"name":"Solar & Wind Technology","volume":"7 5","pages":"Pages 577-583"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0741-983X(90)90066-B","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90031696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Wind/diesel village-scale electric power systems: The performance and economic analysis of a simulated village system 风力/柴油村庄规模的电力系统:模拟村庄系统的性能和经济分析
Solar & Wind Technology Pub Date : 1990-01-01 Epub Date: 2003-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/0741-983X(90)90027-Y
S.R. Connors, J.G. McGowan , J.F. Manwell
{"title":"Wind/diesel village-scale electric power systems: The performance and economic analysis of a simulated village system","authors":"S.R. Connors,&nbsp;J.G. McGowan ,&nbsp;J.F. Manwell","doi":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90027-Y","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90027-Y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents the results of an analytical study determining the energy and economic performance of battery storage type wind/diesel systems intended to supply the load of a village-scale system (grid isolated) in a developing country. It presents the development and details of the model for the simulation of the complete wind/diesel system including a generalized characterization of the local wind regime and the electrical load demands (including prioritization) of the village. The hour-by-hour simulation model is intended to simulate a typical one month period of system operation. Results from the energy flow simulation model are then input to a detailed economic model of the system. As summarized in the paper this benefit-cost model is used to assess the relative cost and socio-economic impact associated with the electrical generating system's configuration and performance. Representative case studies for several wind/diesel system options using the combined performance/economic simulation are presented to demonstrate the usefulness of the model.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101171,"journal":{"name":"Solar & Wind Technology","volume":"7 4","pages":"Pages 423-439"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0741-983X(90)90027-Y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78953036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Design and construction of a solar tracking system 太阳能跟踪系统的设计与建造
Solar & Wind Technology Pub Date : 1990-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0741-983X(90)90072-A
F. Al-Naima, N. A. Yaghobian
{"title":"Design and construction of a solar tracking system","authors":"F. Al-Naima, N. A. Yaghobian","doi":"10.1016/0741-983X(90)90072-A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0741-983X(90)90072-A","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101171,"journal":{"name":"Solar & Wind Technology","volume":"34 1","pages":"611-617"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76885384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 29
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