Polymer Chemistry最新文献_第3页

Acceptor-Engineered Backbone Conformation in ProDOT-Based Donor-Acceptor Conjugated Polymers for Electrochromic Switching 用于电致变色开关的基于prodot的供体-受体共轭聚合物的受体工程主结构

IF 4.6 2区化学

Polymer Chemistry Pub Date : 2026-09-15 DOI: 10.1039/d6py00772d

Shimao Zhao,Junxi Zhu,Kai Wang,Gongxing Xie,Senqiang Zhu,Rui Liu,Hongjun Zhu

{"title":"Acceptor-Engineered Backbone Conformation in ProDOT-Based Donor-Acceptor Conjugated Polymers for Electrochromic Switching","authors":"Shimao Zhao,Junxi Zhu,Kai Wang,Gongxing Xie,Senqiang Zhu,Rui Liu,Hongjun Zhu","doi":"10.1039/d6py00772d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6py00772d","url":null,"abstract":"Rational regulation of backbone conformation is essential for optimizing the optoelectronic and electrochromic properties of conjugated polymers. Herein, three ProDOT-based donor–acceptor conjugated polymers, PTM1–PTM3, were designed and synthesized by incorporating naphthothiadiazole (NTz), thiadiazoloquinoxaline (TQ), and benzobisthiadiazole (BBT) as acceptor units, respectively, to investigate the effects of acceptor structure, steric hindrance, and backbone conformation on electrochromic performance. DFT calculations showed that the calculated backbone torsion angle decreased from 61.51° for PTM1 to 46.55° for PTM2 and 26.59° for PTM3, indicating progressively enhanced backbone planarity with reduced steric repulsion at the donor–acceptor junction. Because the acceptor units differ in both electron-deficient character and steric geometry, the decreased oxidation onset potentials from 1.13 V for PTM1 to 1.02 V for PTM2 and 0.57 V for PTM3 are attributed to the combined effects of enhanced acceptor strength, reduced steric hindrance, improved backbone planarity, and strengthened donor–acceptor electronic coupling. All three polymers exhibited reversible electrochromic transitions from vivid neutral-state colors to low-chroma oxidized states. PTM3 exhibited the fastest switching response at 820 nm, with coloration and bleaching times of 2.5 and 3.0 s, respectively. In contrast, PTM2 provided a higher optical contrast of 15.6% and a coloration efficiency of 75.1 cm2 C-1. These results demonstrate that acceptor engineering regulates electrochromic behavior through coupled electronic and steric effects, providing an effective strategy for balancing oxidation potential, switching kinetics, optical contrast, and coloration efficiency in ProDOT-based donor–acceptor electrochromic polymers.","PeriodicalId":100,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Chemistry","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148964472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of dynamic linker and cross-link density on the viscoelastic properties of pyromellitic dianhydride-based dynamic covalent networks 动态连接剂和交联密度对焦二酸酐基动态共价网络粘弹性的影响

IF 4.6 2区化学

Polymer Chemistry Pub Date : 2026-09-15 DOI: 10.1039/d6py00664g

Oscar B. Geerars,Anja R. A. Palmans,Rint P. Sijbesma,Johan P. A. Heuts

{"title":"Effects of dynamic linker and cross-link density on the viscoelastic properties of pyromellitic dianhydride-based dynamic covalent networks","authors":"Oscar B. Geerars,Anja R. A. Palmans,Rint P. Sijbesma,Johan P. A. Heuts","doi":"10.1039/d6py00664g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6py00664g","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we present a systematic investigation of the influence of the permanent cross-link and dynamic linker densities on the mechanical and rheological properties of dissociative dynamic covalent networks (DCNs), effectively decoupling their contributions. The studied dissociative DCNs are based on pyromellitic anhydride (PMDA) as the dynamic linker, a triol as the permanent crosslinker and polycaprolactone as the polymer backbone. Nine different networks with varying cross-link densities and number of dynamic links between cross-links were obtained by varying the ratios of triol, diol and PMDA. Dynamic mechanical analysis, frequency sweep, creep-recovery, and stress relaxation data showed that a lower cross-link density and higher number of dynamic links between cross-links generally lead to more liquid-like behavior, with the high temperature behavior being dominated by the number of dynamic linkers between cross-links. Additionally, we showed that the low viscosity networks are processable by microextrusion/microcompounding, but that appropriate processing conditions require finding a balance between sufficient (reversible) dissociation of the dynamic network and avoiding the occurrence of side reactions at higher temperatures. Model studies confirmed that these side reactions consist of (irreversible) 1,2-diester formation in the current system.","PeriodicalId":100,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Chemistry","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148964475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Two-Step Epoxide-Based Platform for Imidazole and Imidazolium Methacrylate Monomers: pH-Responsive Networks, SLA 3D-Printable Ionic Liquid Resins, and Additively Manufactured Gas Separation Membranes 咪唑和甲基丙烯酸咪唑单体的两步环氧化物平台：ph响应网络，SLA 3d打印离子液体树脂和增材制造的气体分离膜

IF 4.6 2区化学

Polymer Chemistry Pub Date : 2026-09-15 DOI: 10.1039/d6py00566g

Zahra Sekhavat Pour,Pravin S. Shinde,Alain Tundidor-Camba,Jun Wang,Jason Edward Bara

{"title":"A Two-Step Epoxide-Based Platform for Imidazole and Imidazolium Methacrylate Monomers: pH-Responsive Networks, SLA 3D-Printable Ionic Liquid Resins, and Additively Manufactured Gas Separation Membranes","authors":"Zahra Sekhavat Pour,Pravin S. Shinde,Alain Tundidor-Camba,Jun Wang,Jason Edward Bara","doi":"10.1039/d6py00566g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6py00566g","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the rich utility of imidazole and imidazolium functionalities in polymer science, access to (meth)acrylate monomers bearing these groups has historically required multi-step routes from a narrow set of hydroxyalkyl-imidazole precursors or expensive designer ionic liquid (IL) reagents. Here, we report a concise and general synthetic platform — epoxide ring-opening with imidazole followed by high-yield methacrylation with methacrylic anhydride — that converts inexpensive, commercially available epoxides (glycidyl ethers, propylene oxide, styrene oxide) into a diverse library of imidazole methacrylate monomers in just two steps. Straightforward quaternization and anion exchange then deliver the corresponding imidazolium IL monomers, dramatically expanding the structural diversity accessible to poly(IL) researchers without costly custom synthesis. Thermal polymerization of the imidazole monomers yields crosslinked networks with tunable glass transition temperatures and pronounced, reversible pH-responsive swelling. Critically, the imidazolium IL monomers are readily formulated into photocurable SLA resins —enabling 3D printing of complex geometries and defect-free membranes as thin as ~250 μm (five printed layers) on a consumer-level instrument. Gas permeation measurements confirm that SLA-printed membranes are mechanically and structurally sound, performing comparably to poly(IL) membranes made by conventional photopolymerization. This work establishes epoxide ring-opening as a broadly enabling entry point for imidazole and imidazolium monomer design, and SLA printing as a practical, versatile fabrication route for CO2 separation membranes.","PeriodicalId":100,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Chemistry","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148964473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Educational series: thermal properties of thermoplastic polymeric materials, experimental and theoretical practices 教育系列：热塑性高分子材料的热性能，实验和理论实践

IF 4.6 2区化学

Polymer Chemistry Pub Date : 2026-09-15 DOI: 10.1039/d6py00427j

Sreecharan Ajjagola,Ibrahim O. Raji,M. A. Sachini N. Weerasinghe,Mary Eisenhart,Dominik Konkolewicz,Caitlyn M. Clarkson,Jeffrey P. Youngblood,Amber M. Hubbard

{"title":"Educational series: thermal properties of thermoplastic polymeric materials, experimental and theoretical practices","authors":"Sreecharan Ajjagola,Ibrahim O. Raji,M. A. Sachini N. Weerasinghe,Mary Eisenhart,Dominik Konkolewicz,Caitlyn M. Clarkson,Jeffrey P. Youngblood,Amber M. Hubbard","doi":"10.1039/d6py00427j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6py00427j","url":null,"abstract":"A cornerstone in fundamental polymer processing knowledge remains the thermal properties of polymers and the structure–property–process relationships that culminate in application specific performance. Thermal properties, like the glass transition temperature and melting point, have real world significance and are measured experimentally as they depend on the thermal mechanical history of the material. This educational review introduces the typical experimental methods used to measure the thermal properties of polymers, amorphous and semi-crystalline, and how these properties depend on polymer chemistry and experimental conditions. While not a comprehensive review of all techniques available to characterize polymers, the goal of the present review is to provide sufficient information for a novice to employ commonly available techniques, using best practices, in differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis, and microscopy. Additionally, introductory theoretical concepts, essential to understanding the observed properties, are also presented to provide context for the experimental methods discussed.","PeriodicalId":100,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Chemistry","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148964474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ring-expansion polymerization of glycolide catalyzed by 2,2-dibutyl-2-stanna-1,3 oxathiolane or 2,2-dibutyl-2-stanna-1,3-dioxolane 2,2-二丁基-2-锡纳-1,3-氧硫代烷或2,2-二丁基-2-锡纳-1,3-二氧氧代烷催化乙醇酸酯的扩环聚合

IF 4.6 2区化学

Polymer Chemistry Pub Date : 2026-09-10 DOI: 10.1039/d6py00405a

Hans R. Kricheldorf,Steffen M. Weidner,Felix Scheliga

引用次数: 0

Functionalized Allylic and Vinyl Ether Monomers: An Emerging Class for Radical Polymerization 功能化烯丙基醚和乙烯基醚单体：自由基聚合的新兴类别

IF 4.6 2区化学

Polymer Chemistry Pub Date : 2026-09-10 DOI: 10.1039/d6py00424e

Bang An,Jiawei Duan,Chaowei Yue,Zhihao Li,Yifan Li

引用次数: 0

Optoelectronic Hydrogels: Materials, Performance Optimization, and Application Prospects 光电水凝胶：材料、性能优化及应用前景

IF 4.6 2区化学

Polymer Chemistry Pub Date : 2026-09-08 DOI: 10.1039/d6py00716c

Yujiao Feng,Chenshuo Wang,Zihan Wang,Shuwen Wang,Liping Wang,Zehui Zhang,Zihan Zhang,Zezhi Zhang,Kai Zhou,Lei Yang,Qihang Zhang,Shaohua Zhang,Song Zhou,Wenlong Xu

{"title":"Optoelectronic Hydrogels: Materials, Performance Optimization, and Application Prospects","authors":"Yujiao Feng,Chenshuo Wang,Zihan Wang,Shuwen Wang,Liping Wang,Zehui Zhang,Zihan Zhang,Zezhi Zhang,Kai Zhou,Lei Yang,Qihang Zhang,Shaohua Zhang,Song Zhou,Wenlong Xu","doi":"10.1039/d6py00716c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6py00716c","url":null,"abstract":"With the rapid progress of flexible optoelectronics, conventional rigid materials fall short of emerging application requirements. Optoelectronic hydrogels, which integrate photoelectric functions with the soft nature of hydrogels, have emerged as a research focus in this field. This paper systematically reviews recent advances in optoelectronic hydrogels. It outlines the working mechanisms of four main types-intrinsic composite, photovoltaic, photoelectrochemical, and photothermoelectric, and details optimization strategies for enhancing light absorption, charge generation/separation, and charge transport. Their unique advantages, including mechanical flexibility and biocompatibility, are analyzed alongside cutting-edge applications in biomedicine, flexible electronics, energy, and environmental sensing. Key challenges such as performance trade-offs, environmental stability, and scalable fabrication are also discussed. The system architecture presented here aims to guide future material innovation and device development, promoting the industrial application of optoelectronic hydrogels in next-generation flexible optoelectronics, precision medicine, green energy, and environmental monitoring.","PeriodicalId":100,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Chemistry","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148902586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structure–morphology–property relationships in sulfonated poly(arylene ether)s proton exchange membranes: impact of hydrophobic segment engineering 磺化聚芳醚质子交换膜的结构-形态-性能关系：疏水段工程的影响

IF 4.6 2区化学

Polymer Chemistry Pub Date : 2026-09-02 DOI: 10.1039/d6py00391e

Wennan Zhang,Genyu Wei,Yanjie Li,Yunji Xie,Di Liu

{"title":"Structure–morphology–property relationships in sulfonated poly(arylene ether)s proton exchange membranes: impact of hydrophobic segment engineering","authors":"Wennan Zhang,Genyu Wei,Yanjie Li,Yunji Xie,Di Liu","doi":"10.1039/d6py00391e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6py00391e","url":null,"abstract":"Sulfonated poly(arylene ether)s (SPAEs) are promising alternatives to perfluorosulfonic acid membranes, but balancing proton conductivity, dimensional stability, oxidative stability, and fuel resistance remains challenging. Herein, four SPAE copolymers with similar hydrophilic segments and comparable ion exchange capacity values but distinct representative hydrophobic segment architectures, including fluorinated, low-fluorinated, amorphous hydrocarbon, and semi-crystalline hydrocarbon structures, were prepared to establish comparative structure–morphology–property correlations. The fluorinated membranes exhibited distinct hydrophilic/hydrophobic microphase separation and relatively high proton conductivity, but their methanol resistance was limited, especially for the highly fluorinated F-SPAE membrane. In contrast, the amorphous hydrocarbon-based A-SPAE membrane showed improved methanol resistance but less connected hydrophilic domains, resulting in lower proton conductivity and weaker dimensional/oxidative stability. Among the four membranes, the semi-crystalline hydrocarbon-based SC-SPAE membrane showed the most balanced properties under the present testing conditions. It displayed continuous hydrophilic channels, a high in-plane proton conductivity of 0.126 S cm−1 at 80 °C, low water swelling of 8.32% at 80 °C, high residual weight retention of 97.46% after Fenton treatment, and the lowest methanol permeability of 2.38 × 10−7 cm2 s−1. In comparative fuel-cell tests, SC-SPAE delivered maximum power densities of 283.72 mW cm−2 in H2/O2 fuel cells and 18.91 mW cm−2 in direct methanol fuel cells using 10 M methanol. These results indicate that semi-crystalline hydrocarbon-based hydrophobic segment architectures provide a useful route to balance proton transport, membrane stability, and methanol resistance in SPAE-based proton exchange membranes.","PeriodicalId":100,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Chemistry","volume":"490 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148877533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Towards an Artificial Intelligence Ecosystem for Performance-Driven Polymer Design 面向性能驱动聚合物设计的人工智能生态系统

IF 4.6 2区化学

Polymer Chemistry Pub Date : 2026-09-02 DOI: 10.1039/d6py00572a

Jie Zhu,Dong Wu,Zhao-Yan Sun,Hao Li,Xiayun Huang,Zhihong Nie

{"title":"Towards an Artificial Intelligence Ecosystem for Performance-Driven Polymer Design","authors":"Jie Zhu,Dong Wu,Zhao-Yan Sun,Hao Li,Xiayun Huang,Zhihong Nie","doi":"10.1039/d6py00572a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6py00572a","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping performance-driven polymer design by connecting molecular structures, physical mechanisms, processing conditions, and application-level objectives within an integrated design framework. Unlike small molecules, polymer properties are governed not only by repeat-unit chemistry but also by molecular weight and dispersity, chain architecture, morphology, processing history, and operating environment. These challenges are particularly pronounced in polar and charged polymers, where electrostatics, ion association, hydration, hydrogen bonding, and interfacial phenomena collectively determine functionality. This review presents an AI ecosystem for performance-driven polymer design, covering data infrastructures, molecular representations, descriptor hierarchies, property-learning models, physics-informed and multiscale learning, inverse-design strategies, and emerging AI-agent workflows. Representative applications are discussed across high-performance polymers, polymer electrolytes, polymer brushes and interfacial layers, and polyelectrolytes for solar interfacial evaporation, highlighting different levels of AI maturity and application readiness. Across these systems, AI provides complementary capabilities for property prediction, mechanism-aware learning, multi-objective optimization, and closed-loop materials design. Future progress will depend on standardized datasets, transferable descriptors, uncertainty-aware optimization, and tighter integration of simulations, experiments, and autonomous workflows. By combining data, physical knowledge, and iterative validation, AI can provide a practical design engine for next-generation functional polymers.","PeriodicalId":100,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Chemistry","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148877534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamic rigid–flexible hybrid network strategy for enhancing strength and toughness of polyurethane elastomers 提高聚氨酯弹性体强度和韧性的动态刚柔混合网络策略

IF 4.6 2区化学

Polymer Chemistry Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1039/d6py00611f

Xingshan Yin,Xuan Zhao,Yunjian Peng,Jianxin Wu,Junli Zou,Yichuan Hu,Yingjuan Sun,Xiaofeng Lin,Wenjing Lin,Lei Ji,Jianxiong He,Liangmou Chen,Hui Fan,Guobin Yi

{"title":"Dynamic rigid–flexible hybrid network strategy for enhancing strength and toughness of polyurethane elastomers","authors":"Xingshan Yin,Xuan Zhao,Yunjian Peng,Jianxin Wu,Junli Zou,Yichuan Hu,Yingjuan Sun,Xiaofeng Lin,Wenjing Lin,Lei Ji,Jianxiong He,Liangmou Chen,Hui Fan,Guobin Yi","doi":"10.1039/d6py00611f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6py00611f","url":null,"abstract":"The synthesis of elastomers that simultaneously integrate high mechanical robustness, dynamic reversibility, and recyclability remains a challenge. Herein, we report a molecular engineering strategy to tackle these challenges. Rigid linear epoxy (LEP) segments were integrated into soft linear polyurethane (LPU) chains and covalently crosslinked through boronic ester, generating a rigid–soft hybrid network. In this network, stress-induced LPU chain slippage coupled with hydrogen-bond rupture provides extensibility and energy dissipation; the abundant aromatic rings of the LEP segments impart stiffness and hardness; and the boronic ester bonds preserve network integrity during deformation. The resulting polyurethane-epoxy elastomers (PUE) exhibit a remarkable combination of mechanical properties, including a tensile strength of 73.4 MPa, an elongation at break of 1010% and a toughness of 297.11 MJ m−3. Moreover, an ionic conductive sensor based on the optimal PUE0.2 displays a high gauge factor (up to 5.44) and outstanding long-term cycling stability over 2000 cycles, enabling accurate and repeatable monitoring of human joint motions. This work provides a versatile molecular design concept for constructing next-generation high-performance and sustainable elastomers.","PeriodicalId":100,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Chemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148877536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0