Oceanologica Acta最新文献_第8页

Pre- and post-settlement events in benthic community dynamics 底栖生物群落动态的定居前后事件

Oceanologica Acta Pub Date : 2002-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01194-5

Simonetta Fraschetti, Adriana Giangrande, Antonio Terlizzi, Ferdinando Boero

{"title":"Pre- and post-settlement events in benthic community dynamics","authors":"Simonetta Fraschetti, Adriana Giangrande, Antonio Terlizzi, Ferdinando Boero","doi":"10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01194-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01194-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In all marine benthic environments<span>, organism replacement depends on recruitment limitation, i.e. the impact of both pre- and post-settlement events on the success of recruitment. The relative contribution of pre- versus post-settlement processes in shaping adult populations has been extensively studied. Most analyses concluded that recruitment limitation is a strong determinant of adults’ density. The magnitude of its limitation depends on context, varies with species, and can be strongly modified by all the events preceding and following recruitment itself. A comparison of the outcome of recruitment limitation on hard- and soft-bottom communities has often been neglected. The rules governing these two environments, in both the inter- and the subtidal, might be inferred only by comparing and possibly integrating soft- and hard-bottom ecologies. The highly variable situation that larvae face in the water column is followed by the variability linked to local features, influencing, in its turn, larval settlement and juvenile survival (post-settlement period). A better knowledge of these processes will be possible only by focusing on their relative importance in the two environments and with research on the brief but significant time of larval settlement.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100980,"journal":{"name":"Oceanologica Acta","volume":"25 6","pages":"Pages 285-295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01194-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85024920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 98

Microbial activity at the deep water sediment boundary layer in two highly productive systems in the Western Mediterranean: the Almeria-Oran front and the Malaga upwelling 西地中海两个高产体系:阿尔梅里亚-奥兰前缘和马拉加上升流的深水沉积物边界层微生物活动

Oceanologica Acta Pub Date : 2002-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01205-7

Armand Bianchi , Antoni Calafat , Rutger De Wit , Jean Garcin , Olivier Tholosan , Isabel Cacho , Miquel Canals , Joan Fabrés , Hélène Grout , Pere Masqué , Joan-Albert Sanchez-Cabeza , Richard Sempéré

{"title":"Microbial activity at the deep water sediment boundary layer in two highly productive systems in the Western Mediterranean: the Almeria-Oran front and the Malaga upwelling","authors":"Armand Bianchi , Antoni Calafat , Rutger De Wit , Jean Garcin , Olivier Tholosan , Isabel Cacho , Miquel Canals , Joan Fabrés , Hélène Grout , Pere Masqué , Joan-Albert Sanchez-Cabeza , Richard Sempéré","doi":"10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01205-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01205-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span><span>Microbiological and biogeochemical studies were carried out in sediments and near bottom waters in the upwelling area off the Malaga coast and in the Almeria-Oran frontal zone. In these nutrient-rich conditions, metabolic activity is potentially limited by oxygen availability through the sediment depth. In the surficial sediments of the frontal zone, however, oxygen penetrated to a depth of 4 cm, allowing oxic mineralisation processes to occur throughout the layer. In the surficial sediments of the upwelling area, oxygen penetration was limited to the top 2.5 cm, leading to </span>anoxic conditions. Glutamate respiration and global oxygen uptake rates were clearly higher than in the frontal zone. In the superficial sediments of the frontal zone, bacteria were less abundant and showed the lowest potential rate for mineralisation processes, but the highest rate for </span>proteolysis. This discrepancy is probably due to differences in the quality of organic inputs into the two areas, with labile organic compounds reaching the sea bottom in the shallower upwelling zone. Such inputs enhance the mineralisation of </span>low molecular weight<span> monomers, whilst inhibiting the polymer hydrolysis processes. Conversely, in the deeper frontal zone, labile monomers become exhausted, decreasing the mineralisation rates. Concomitantly, bacteria have to develop ectoenzymatic activities in order to extract their carbon and energy from the available semi-labile polymers. Consequently, the theoretical relationship between the mineralisation and hydrolysis processes are tightly coupled in the upwelling area, and uncoupled in the frontal zone.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100980,"journal":{"name":"Oceanologica Acta","volume":"25 6","pages":"Pages 315-324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01205-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77288378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

POST–the Pacific Ocean salmon tracking project post -太平洋鲑鱼追踪项目

Oceanologica Acta Pub Date : 2002-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01206-9

David W. Welch , George W. Boehlert , Bruce R. Ward

{"title":"POST–the Pacific Ocean salmon tracking project","authors":"David W. Welch , George W. Boehlert , Bruce R. Ward","doi":"10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01206-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01206-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>For most of history, the ocean has remained nearly opaque to study, and it has been difficult to understand where salmon or other marine animals go or how they use the ocean. This greatly limits the ability of oceanographers and fisheries biologists to improve the management of many marine resources. The technical and scientific basis now exists to track the ocean movements of individual marine fish for months or years at a time. In this article, we review how new technologies might be applied to salmon in particular. Our conclusion is that animals as small as juvenile Pacific salmon can be followed for months to years at sea, and thus over great distances. By identifying the migration pathways for individual salmon and specific populations of Pacific salmon, we can establish their ocean foraging grounds. We outline the approaches and initial results from the Census of Marine Life<span> program pacific ocean salmon tracking (POST). The research program involves two distinct aspects: (1) the development of an acoustic array<span> for tracking the movements of Pacific salmon during their shelf-resident phase of the life history and (2) the use of archival (data storage) tags to measure aspects of their local environment and to delineate their open ocean migration pathways off the shelf. We report on some of the preliminary findings from the first year of the field project using acoustic tags.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100980,"journal":{"name":"Oceanologica Acta","volume":"25 5","pages":"Pages 243-253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01206-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78215894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 129

A portal for the Ocean Biogeographic Information System 海洋生物地理信息系统的入口

Oceanologica Acta Pub Date : 2002-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01204-5

Yunqing Zhang, J.Frederick Grassle

引用次数: 33

The pilot project “Patterns and processes of the ecosystems of the northern Mid-Atlantic”: aims, strategy and status 试点项目“中大西洋北部生态系统的模式和过程”:目标、战略和现状

Oceanologica Acta Pub Date : 2002-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01203-3

Odd Aksel Bergstad , Olav Rune Godø

{"title":"The pilot project “Patterns and processes of the ecosystems of the northern Mid-Atlantic”: aims, strategy and status","authors":"Odd Aksel Bergstad , Olav Rune Godø","doi":"10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01203-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01203-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span><span>The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is the target of an emerging international ecosystem study under the Census of marine life programme. This pilot project shall gather new knowledge on biodiversity, distribution patterns, and ecological processes, and the overriding aim is “to describe and understand the patterns of distribution, abundance and </span>trophic relationships of the organisms inhabiting the mid-oceanic North Atlantic, and identify and model ecological processes that cause variability in these patterns”. The project will focus on pelagic, benthopelagic and epibenthic </span>macrofauna, and analyse distribution and abundance patterns in relation to the abiotic and biotic environment, as well as trophic relationships and life history strategies. Fish, crustaceans, cephalopods and gelatinous </span>plankton<span><span> and nekton have the highest priority in the study. A major challenge of the project is to overcome observation difficulties at large depths and in rugged terrain. A central aim is thus to utilise modern </span>remote sensing technology (acoustics, optics) using advanced instrument carriers (e.g. towed vehicles, ROVs, AUVs, etc.). The project will be carried out as a multi-ship operation in 2003–2005, and the ongoing planning is a collaborative effort involving many nations around the North Atlantic. The project will work on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and in adjacent waters from the Azores to Iceland, both by surveying large areas by acoustics and mid-water trawling, and by focusing on three selected sub-areas for intensive sampling and observation by traditional and novel methods and technology. Overlapping with the field seasons, the period 2004–2008 will be an analytical phase, also including submission of data to OBIS.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100980,"journal":{"name":"Oceanologica Acta","volume":"25 5","pages":"Pages 219-226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01203-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"102682239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 50

The Gulf of Maine biogeographical information system project: developing a spatial data management framework in support of OBIS 缅因湾生物地理信息系统项目:开发支持OBIS的空间数据管理框架

Oceanologica Acta Pub Date : 2002-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01209-4

Vardis M Tsontos , Dale A Kiefer

{"title":"The Gulf of Maine biogeographical information system project: developing a spatial data management framework in support of OBIS","authors":"Vardis M Tsontos , Dale A Kiefer","doi":"10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01209-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01209-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Central to the development of an inventory of marine life and improved conceptual understanding of the mechanisms that dynamically shape species distribution patterns is the implementation of strategies aimed at enhancing assimilation and access to existing biogeographical information. Using the Internet as a medium, the Gulf of Maine Biogeographic Information System (GMBIS) project provides a framework and a set of reusable tools for the integration, visualization, analysis and dissemination of diverse types of biogeographical and oceanographic information. End-to-end viability of this approach is demonstrated in the context of a series of scientific storylines and a pilot application for the Gulf of Maine (GoM), a well-studied ecosystem that has been subject to large-scale perturbation due to overfishing. Databases at the core of the information system include those of the DFO Bedford Institution of Oceanography and Atlantic Reference Center, which are the product of multidisciplinary research<span> efforts over the last several decades. Development of GMBIS may serve not only as a model for OBIS, but it may also provide a tool supporting new international and Canadian directives for integrated marine resource management. This paper summarizes the status of the GMBIS project, currently in its final phase, and outlines possible future directions in information system development for the CoML.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100980,"journal":{"name":"Oceanologica Acta","volume":"25 5","pages":"Pages 199-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01209-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83814811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

Marine zooplanktonic diversity: a view from the South Atlantic 海洋浮游动物的多样性:从南大西洋看

Oceanologica Acta Pub Date : 2002-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01199-4

Demetrio Boltovskoy , Nancy Correa , Andrés Boltovskoy

{"title":"Marine zooplanktonic diversity: a view from the South Atlantic","authors":"Demetrio Boltovskoy , Nancy Correa , Andrés Boltovskoy","doi":"10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01199-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01199-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Approximately 7000 marine zooplanktonic species have been described so far for the World Ocean; in the South Atlantic the presence of 40% of these has been confirmed, and an additional 20–30% are expected to be recorded in the future. The overall number of described species is very low when compared with other communities, and yet it may not be too far from the final, complete inventory. Very ample geographic distributional ranges, compositional similarity between the major oceanic basins, and declining species description rates suggest that the undescribed fraction of marine zooplankton is nowhere as large as those suggested for the biosphere as a whole. It is anticipated that the highest proportions of new species will be among the groups associated with the sea-floor (meroplanktonic and benthopelagic forms). However, the fact that a high proportion of the marine zooplanktonic species has already been described does not imply that the corresponding taxonomic systems are adequate and that our understanding of this community is better than that of others where undiscovered species are still the overwhelming majority. For most marine zooplanktonic species we have extremely scarce biological and ecological information. Furthermore, the taxonomy of several quite speciose groups is in such a state of disarray that synonyms by far outnumber “good species”.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100980,"journal":{"name":"Oceanologica Acta","volume":"25 5","pages":"Pages 271-278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01199-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89904734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 30

Revealing pelagic habitat use: the tagging of Pacific pelagics program 揭示远洋生物栖息地的利用:太平洋远洋生物项目的标记

Oceanologica Acta Pub Date : 2002-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01212-4

Barbara A Block , Daniel P Costa , George W Boehlert , Randy E Kochevar

{"title":"Revealing pelagic habitat use: the tagging of Pacific pelagics program","authors":"Barbara A Block , Daniel P Costa , George W Boehlert , Randy E Kochevar","doi":"10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01212-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01212-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Tagging of Pacific pelagics (TOPP) is a pilot program of the Census of marine life (CoML) that will lead to understanding of pelagic habitat use by </span>marine vertebrates and large </span>squid<span> in the North Pacific. Taking a multispecies approach, the TOPP project will use a range of electronic tag technologies to put the distribution and behavior of pelagic organisms in the context of the oceanography of the North Pacific. Tag-bearing animals will be used as autonomous ocean profilers to enhance sparse oceanographic observations for vast ocean regions. These autonomous ocean samplers will provide unprecedented coverage of the water column structure of the North Pacific. The temporal and spatial data generated by this project will provide an “organism-eye” view of several interactive oceanic regimes in the North Pacific. Twenty target species, including tunas, sharks, pinnipeds, cetaceans, seabirds, and marine turtles, will be monitored with electronic tags. Animal-collected oceanic data will be assimilated into global ocean databases, complement traditional methodologies and be used to help validate nearshore, regional, and basin scale ocean models. As more environmental information is gathered and delivered from the tagged animals, new insights will be obtained about their individual behaviors, as well as how diverse species have separately evolved to forage, reproduce, and survive in the vast pelagic environment. This multi-disciplinary approach will allow a novel merger of biological and physical data to provide a new understanding of the relationship between the movements and behaviors of marine organisms and oceanographic processes in the eastern North Pacific.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100980,"journal":{"name":"Oceanologica Acta","volume":"25 5","pages":"Pages 255-266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01212-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76025720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 150

Benthic microalgal communities in the inner part of the Bahía Blanca estuary (Argentina): a preliminary qualitative study Bahía布兰卡河口(阿根廷)内部底栖微藻群落:初步定性研究

Oceanologica Acta Pub Date : 2002-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01201-X

Elisa R Parodi, Sonia Barría de Cao

{"title":"Benthic microalgal communities in the inner part of the Bahía Blanca estuary (Argentina): a preliminary qualitative study","authors":"Elisa R Parodi, Sonia Barría de Cao","doi":"10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01201-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01201-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The intertidal zone<span> of the inner part of the Bahía Blanca estuary, Argentina is characterised by the presence of muddy tidal flats and salt marshes, habitats for burrowing crabs and halophytic plants. The surface layer of the sediments is composed of silt and clay. The sediments are substrate for the proliferation of benthic microalgal communities. The aim of this study was to analyse qualitatively the species composition of these communities and their role in the stabilisation of the sediments. Samples came from two stations: Puerto Cuatreros and Villarino Viejo. Puerto Cuatreros is an old pier without harbour activities closer than Villarino Viejo to the harbour zone affected by dredging. Both stations showed similar physical and chemical parameters. In addition, the benthic microalgal communities at both stations were comprised of cyanophytes and diatoms. The main difference between the two stations was the relative frequency of the algae—cyanophytes were predominant in Villarino Viejo while diatoms predominated in Puerto Cuatreros. Presumably, the difference was due to the major disturbance of the first due to deposition of particles of the fluid mud layer produced by the nearby dredging. Major species of cyanophytes were </span></span><span><em>Microcoleus</em><em> chtonoplastes</em></span> and <em>Oscillatoria limosa.</em><span> Diatom assemblages were very diverse since the estuarine characteristics of the system allow the coexistence of marine, freshwater and estuarine species; also some of these species may be present in the plankton community.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100980,"journal":{"name":"Oceanologica Acta","volume":"25 5","pages":"Pages 279-284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01201-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73971397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23

Understanding the biogeography of chemosynthetic ecosystems 了解化学合成生态系统的生物地理学

Oceanologica Acta Pub Date : 2002-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01202-1

Paul A Tyler , Christopher R German , Eva Ramirez-Llodra , Cindy L Van Dover

{"title":"Understanding the biogeography of chemosynthetic ecosystems","authors":"Paul A Tyler , Christopher R German , Eva Ramirez-Llodra , Cindy L Van Dover","doi":"10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01202-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01202-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>ChEss is a recently-funded Census of marine life programme aimed at improving our knowledge of the </span>biogeography<span> of deepwater chemosynthetically driven ecosystems by promoting an international field phase of discovery and exploration. The main objectives are to assess and explain the diversity, distribution and abundance of hydrothermal vent and cold seep species. With the global mid-ocean ridge system extending ∼65 000 km, it is unlikely that its entire length would be examined in detail. The ChEss programme proposes to select a limited number of target areas chosen for the discovery of new vents and seeps. The intention is to identify the maximum scientific return that could be achieved from detailed investigation of the minimum number of sites at key locations. To narrow the field for exploration, a number of starting hypotheses and goals have been identified. A bio- and geo-referenced database for hydrothermal vent and cold seep species will be created. This database will be integrated with the Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS). An international scientific committee will coordinate the programme, facilitate collaboration between participants, promote ship-time applications at national level and stimulate scientific innovation from a wider community.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100980,"journal":{"name":"Oceanologica Acta","volume":"25 5","pages":"Pages 227-241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0399-1784(02)01202-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74521060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 79