Obesity Pillars最新文献

{"title":"Bariatric nutrition and evaluation of the metabolic surgical patient: Update to the 2022 Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) bariatric surgery, gastrointestinal hormones, and the microbiome clinical practice statement (CPS)","authors":"Sue Benson-Davies,&nbsp;Kirsten Frederiksen,&nbsp;Rutuja Patel","doi":"10.1016/j.obpill.2024.100154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obpill.2024.100154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In 2022, the Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) published a Clinical Practice Statement (CPS) which provided an overview of bariatric surgery and related procedures, a discussion on gastrointestinal hormones and a review of the microbiome as it relates to patients with obesity. This update to the 2022 OMA CPS provides a focus on nutrition as it relates to the adult bariatric surgery patient, incorporating a detailed discussion on how to conduct a bariatric nutrition assessment and manage patients seeking metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) and postoperative nutrition care. In particular, the section on macronutrients, micronutrients, and bariatric surgery has been updated, highlighting practical approaches to nutrient deficiencies typically encountered in the bariatric surgery patient. Also included is a section on how to envision and develop an interdisciplinary team of medical providers with evidence-based nutrition knowledge and consistent information that improves the quality of nutrition care provided to MBS patients. This CPS adds to the series of OMA CPSs meant to provide guidance to clinicians in their care of patients with obesity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The foundation of this paper is supported by scientific evidence in the medical literature and expert opinion derived from several bariatric nutrition resources, as well as from the 2022 OMA CPS focused on bariatric surgery.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This OMA Clinical Practice Statement provides an overview of the current bariatric nutrition clinical guidelines and nutrition tools adapted for clinicians who may not have access to an MBS team or a registered dietitian knowledgeable about bariatric nutrition.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This evidence-based review of the literature includes an overview of current bariatric nutrition recommendations. It is intended to provide clinicians with more advanced knowledge and skills in nutrition assessment and management of the preoperative and post-surgical MBS patients. This CPS also addresses macronutrient and micronutrient deficiencies common in MBS patients, and treatment recommendations designed to help the clinician with clinical decision making.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100977,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Pillars","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11697792/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142934302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significantly higher rates of KIDINS220 polymorphisms in patients with obesity and end-stage renal disease","authors":"Jesse Richards ,&nbsp;Madisen Fae Dorand ,&nbsp;Maria Paszkowiak ,&nbsp;Sana Ahmed ,&nbsp;Courtney McCorkle ,&nbsp;Pranay Kathuria","doi":"10.1016/j.obpill.2024.100155","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obpill.2024.100155","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Kinase D-interacting substrate of 220 kDa (“KIDINS220”) is an integral plasma membrane protein essential to signaling throughout the body; abnormalities are linked to a variety of disorders, including obesity, but have never been directly linked to chronic- or end-stage renal disease.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Retrospective chart review identified patients with severe obesity who presented for pre-kidney transplant weight management. 20 individuals met criteria for testing for genetic causes of obesity. A χ² test of independence was utilized to compare genetic mutation rates in this cohort to all individuals tested nationally.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This case series presents a cohort of patients with severe obesity and end-stage renal disease who were subsequently found to have a significantly higher rate of KIDINS220 mutations (20 %, χ² = 27.8, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001) compared to the national positivity rate of all individuals tested for genetic causes of obesity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Mutations within KIDINS220 may play a modulatory role in the progression of chronic kidney disease in patients with obesity, as evidenced by this small retrospective study. The relationship between KIDINS200, kidney disease, and obesity is complex and requires further study, but may represent a potential therapeutic target in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100977,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Pillars","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11719405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Retrospective review of seven patients with obesity simultaneously treated with a combination of a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist and a meal replacement product” [Obesity Pillars 12C (2024) 100138]","authors":"Catherine Bacus ,&nbsp;Terri-Lynne South ,&nbsp;Sonia Raudszus ,&nbsp;Odd Erik Johansen","doi":"10.1016/j.obpill.2024.100144","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obpill.2024.100144","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100977,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Pillars","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11681361/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142904699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to “Differentiating monogenic and syndromic obesities from polygenic obesity: Assessment, diagnosis, and management” [Obesity Pillars 11C (2024) 100110]","authors":"Angela K. Fitch ,&nbsp;Sonali Malhotra ,&nbsp;Rushika Conroy","doi":"10.1016/j.obpill.2024.100135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obpill.2024.100135","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100977,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Pillars","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11681362/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142904701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to “Dietary intake by patients taking GLP-1 and dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonists: A narrative review and discussion of research needs” [Obesity Pillars 11C (2024)100121]","authors":"Sandra Christensen ,&nbsp;Katie Robinson ,&nbsp;Sara Thomas ,&nbsp;Dominique R. Williams","doi":"10.1016/j.obpill.2024.100136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obpill.2024.100136","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100977,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Pillars","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11681360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142904700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity management in primary care: Are we adequately preparing the next generation of Canadian family physicians?","authors":"Helena Piccinini-Vallis ,&nbsp;Vlad Evdaev ,&nbsp;Joseph Asaminew ,&nbsp;Therese McCurdy ,&nbsp;Mark Rogers ,&nbsp;Michael Vallis","doi":"10.1016/j.obpill.2024.100151","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obpill.2024.100151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Obesity is a chronic disease that affects a large proportion of the population. We examined the preparation of Canadian medical learners for obesity management through three cross-sectional studies exploring the: 1) knowledge of evidence-based obesity management among medical students; 2) perspectives of family medicine residents on the adequacy of obesity management training in their residency programs; and 3) intentions of family medicine residents regarding obesity management when they enter practice.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An online survey instrument was developed for each study. For Study 1, the survey was developed by HP, VE and JA; the questions mapped onto the ten domains outlined in the 2020 Canadian Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Management of Obesity in Adults. For Study 2, the survey was developed by HP and TMcC; the questions aligned with competencies in the management of other chronic diseases. For Study 3, the survey was developed by MR, HP and MV; the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation (COM-B) model was used as a framework for the questions. All three surveys met the criterion for face validity and the survey for Study 3 met criteria for content and criterion validity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Study 1 enrolled 26 first-year and 22 fourth-year students. Total correct scores were below 50 % for both groups, and patient-centeredness scores differed significantly between the groups. Study 2 enrolled 494 family medicine residents; less than 25 % thought there was sufficient time devoted to training in obesity management during residency and approximately 75 % experienced inconsistent messaging about obesity management from their preceptors. Study 3 enrolled 150 family medicine residents. Few participants believed that they had been well trained or had a clear plan for managing obesity, but most believed that obesity management will form part of their practice and that they will have the time and resources for obesity management.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Current medical education does not reflect the requisite knowledge for contemporary obesity management. Further, family medicine residents identified gaps in mentorship of contemporary principles of obesity management. These findings support the revision of the medical curriculum in Canada to better reflect the science of obesity and its management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100977,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Pillars","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring parental and professional perceptions of weight management services among under-fives in England: A qualitative study","authors":"Maines Msiska ,&nbsp;Lawrence Achilles Nnyanzi ,&nbsp;Misheck Julian Nkhata ,&nbsp;Scott Lloyd ,&nbsp;David B. Olawade","doi":"10.1016/j.obpill.2024.100149","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obpill.2024.100149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Childhood obesity is a significant public health challenge, particularly among children under five. In England, weight management programs aim to address this issue; however, engagement and uptake of these services remain low. Understanding the perceptions of parents and professionals involved in these programs is crucial to enhancing participation and improving health outcomes. This study explores these perceptions to identify barriers and facilitators to effective engagement with weight management services.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This qualitative study used purposive sampling to recruit parents and professionals involved in weight management programs across England. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 participants (8 parents and 7 professionals). Data were transcribed, coded, and thematically analyzed using Braun and Clarke's six-phase framework to identify key themes related to engagement, cultural influences, and program effectiveness.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study identified several key themes: parental engagement, the impact of virtual versus face-to-face sessions, motivations for participation, barriers to involvement, and the role of cultural beliefs. Parental involvement was critical for the success of weight management programs, but barriers such as time constraints, cultural beliefs, and socioeconomic factors hindered participation. Professionals highlighted the need for more training and resources to effectively address these challenges. Cultural sensitivities and systemic support were found to be crucial for improving engagement and outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings emphasize the need for culturally tailored, accessible, and sustainable weight management interventions. Enhanced professional training, increased community outreach, and policy-level support are essential to improve engagement and ensure long-term success in addressing childhood obesity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100977,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Pillars","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood obesity in South Asian population","authors":"Vimal Pahuja,&nbsp;Sushma Sanghvi","doi":"10.1016/j.obpill.2024.100148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obpill.2024.100148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Obesity is worldwide health concern, with its prevalence rising steeply specially in low and middle-income countries in the past decade. World Obesity Federation estimates that one in five women and one in seven men - will be obese by 2030.Obesity numbers are expected to double during same year in South and South Asian countries, with obesity in children over age of five estimated to be at forty-five million.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Relevant articles, full text and abstract pertaining to childhood obesity, pediatric obesity, technology in childhood obesity and specifically articles on obesity in children in South Asian countries were obtained from search engines like PUBMED, Google Scholar and Cochrane data base. The full text relevant articles and abstracts and the cross references after verification suitable to the topic were used to draft this review.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The double burden of undernutrition and obesity poses a unique public health challenge in Southeast Asia. In recent decades, South and Southeast Asia have experienced a period of rapid nutrition and lifestyle transition, leading to a proportional rise in the burden of obesity and Type 2 diabetes. The traditional diets of whole grains and vegetables in this region are being replaced by highly processed fast food due to rapid urbanization and westernisation in this region.There is growing and unrelenting burden of health risks in adulthood like diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and mental health issues due to childhood obesity. Therapy mainly focuses on lifestyle changes underpinned by underlying behaviour changes, addressing emotional stress and sleep issues, pharmacotherapy and metabolic surgery in certain situations. Personalisation of therapy remains corner stone of therapeutics in childhood obesity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This comprehensive review aims at addressing the risk factors, complications, treatment and highlights effective preventive strategies for childhood obesity in South Asia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100977,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Pillars","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Duties, tasks, knowledge and skills of an obesity medicine physician: A practice analysis","authors":"Kimberly A. Gudzune ,&nbsp;Dana R. Brittan ,&nbsp;Adrienne W. Cadle ,&nbsp;Tirissa J. Reid ,&nbsp;Edmond P. Wickham III ,&nbsp;Judith Korner","doi":"10.1016/j.obpill.2024.100147","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obpill.2024.100147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Given the evolving nature of obesity medicine, periodic evaluation of its clinical practice is needed to ensure that certification requirements address real-world experience. Practice analysis is a systematic approach to define a field's body of knowledge, and its results can inform the content outline and examination blueprint for a certification examination. This study describes the 2023 practice analysis conducted by the American Board of Obesity Medicine (ABOM).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Initially, 14 obesity medicine physicians participated in a practice analysis panel, resulting in 3 duties and 30 tasks required for competent practice of obesity medicine physicians. Each task included steps, knowledge, skills, and abilities needed to perform the task. ABOM then recruited 645 certified obesity medicine physicians from its database to participate in a validation survey to rate the frequency [scale: never (0) to very frequently (5)] and importance [scale: not important (0) to very important (3)] of each task. Survey participants could also provide open-ended comments.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among validation survey participants (n = 645), the most common primary medical specialties reported were internal medicine (46.0 %), family medicine (33.8 %), and pediatrics (11.2 %). Years practicing obesity medicine varied with 45.3 % reporting 1–4 years, 26.0 % 5–9 years, and 28.7 % ≥ 10 years in practice. Most tasks were performed frequently (mean score ≥4.0) and rated as important (mean score ≥2.0). All tasks were retained based on the frequency and importance ratings. Survey results informed the weighting in the examination blueprint.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>There was consensus among practicing ABOM-certified physicians who participated in the validation survey in the tasks required for competent obesity medicine practice. Our practice analysis approach was a structured process that engaged obesity medicine physicians and captured the breadth and depth of knowledge required for obesity medicine. The new content outline and examination blueprint developed will be implemented with the 2025 ABOM certification exam administration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100977,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Pillars","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142553080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity medicine provider-directed health coaching in a commercial weight loss program: Proof of concept","authors":"Michelle Alencar ,&nbsp;Angela Fitch ,&nbsp;Rachel M. Sauls ,&nbsp;Kelly Johnson ,&nbsp;Mayur Patel","doi":"10.1016/j.obpill.2024.100146","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obpill.2024.100146","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Obesity remains a leading serious chronic disease and cause of death in the U.S. Despite previous research in diets (i.e., caloric restriction), physical activity levels, and biochemical markers, no studies to date have investigated the combination of an obesity medicine physician with a health coach alongside a commercial program for reducing body weight. As a result, this pilot study aims to assess the relationship between a commercial diet program and health and wellness coaching (HWC) for weight reduction outcomes when delivered in conjunction with an obesity medicine physician chronic disease care model, as a proof-of-concept study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This 24-week proof-of-concept study was pragmatic, being an unblinded, unrandomized, uncontrolled, longitudinal, observational study. Its purpose was to assess participant weight reduction from a commercial weight reduction program using a pre-packaged portion-controlled reduced-calorie diet while meeting with a health coach and obesity medicine physician for counseling and support. Participants in the sample underwent a commercial weight reduction program through dietary control while meeting with an HWC. A repeated measures ANOVA was conducted to determine the weight reduction trends across a 24-week program.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This study included n = 53 participants; a majority were white females (n = 45; 85 %), with an average (SD) age of 50.3 (12.2) years. There was a significant improvement in weight reduction (21.8 ± 9.4 lbs. WL) seen throughout the 24-week program (F (7, 364) = 33.129, p &lt; 0.001), with a large effect (η² = 0.922).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This proof-of-concept project found that Obesity Medicine Physician-directed, portion-controlled meals and HWC can improve weight reduction across a 24-week program using portioned-controlled meals. Confirmation of these findings and their clinical significance requires a follow-up randomized, controlled clinical trial using validated assessment tools.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100977,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Pillars","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142553081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}