Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research最新文献

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A compact gridless channel plate detector for time-of-flight measurements 用于飞行时间测量的紧凑型无栅格通道板探测器
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Pub Date : 1984-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/0167-5087(84)91336-X
E.C. Pollacco , J.C. Jacmart, Y. Blumenfeld, Ph. Chomaz, N. Frascaria, J.P. Garron, J.C. Roynette
{"title":"A compact gridless channel plate detector for time-of-flight measurements","authors":"E.C. Pollacco ,&nbsp;J.C. Jacmart,&nbsp;Y. Blumenfeld,&nbsp;Ph. Chomaz,&nbsp;N. Frascaria,&nbsp;J.P. Garron,&nbsp;J.C. Roynette","doi":"10.1016/0167-5087(84)91336-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0167-5087(84)91336-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A compact channel plate detector used as a start detector in heavy ion reaction studies is described. In order to avoid spurious structures in the energy spectra of the detected ions the usual electron accelerating grid is replaced by five electrodes which provide a uniform electric field. The start detector has an intrinsic resolution of 85 ps and efficiency of 90% for medium mass nuclei. The overall time resolution with a solid state detector as stop is 105 ps.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100972,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research","volume":"225 1","pages":"Pages 51-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0167-5087(84)91336-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75480595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
The Rutherford Appleton laboratory's mark I multiwire proportional counter positron camera 卢瑟福阿普尔顿实验室的mark I多线比例计数器正电子相机
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Pub Date : 1984-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/0167-5087(84)91359-0
J.E. Bateman, J.F. Connolly, R. Stephenson, G.J. Tappern, A.C. Flesher
{"title":"The Rutherford Appleton laboratory's mark I multiwire proportional counter positron camera","authors":"J.E. Bateman,&nbsp;J.F. Connolly,&nbsp;R. Stephenson,&nbsp;G.J. Tappern,&nbsp;A.C. Flesher","doi":"10.1016/0167-5087(84)91359-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0167-5087(84)91359-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A small (30 cm × 30 cm) model of a proposed large aperture positron camera has been developed at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory. Based on multiwire proportional counter technology it uses lead foil cathodes which function simultaneously as converters for the 511 keV gamma rays and readout electrodes for a delay line readout system. The detectors have been built up into a portable imaging system complete with a dedicated computer for data taking, processing and display. This has permitted evaluation of this type of positron imaging system in the clinical environment using both cyclotron generated isotopes (<sup>15</sup>O, <sup>11</sup>C, <sup>18</sup>F, <sup>124</sup>I) and available isotopic generator systems (<sup>82</sup>Rb, <sup>68</sup>Ga). At RAL we provided a complete hardware system and sufficient software to permit our hospital based colleagues to generate useful images with the minimum of effort. A complete description of the system is given with performance figures and some of the images obtained in three hospital visits are presented. Some detailed studies of the imaging performance of the positron camera are reported which have bearing on the design of future, improved systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100972,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research","volume":"225 1","pages":"Pages 209-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0167-5087(84)91359-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77919038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 36
A detector system for discrete nuclide identification of ions with A ⩽ 60 一种用于识别A≤60离子的离散核素的探测器系统
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Pub Date : 1984-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/0167-5087(84)91338-3
K. Kwiatkowski, V.E. Viola Jr., W.G. Wilson, S.H. Zhou , H. Breuer
{"title":"A detector system for discrete nuclide identification of ions with A ⩽ 60","authors":"K. Kwiatkowski,&nbsp;V.E. Viola Jr.,&nbsp;W.G. Wilson,&nbsp;S.H. Zhou ,&nbsp;H. Breuer","doi":"10.1016/0167-5087(84)91338-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0167-5087(84)91338-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An <em>x</em>−<em>y</em> position-sensitive detector system which provides simultaneous mass and charge identification with discrete nuclide resolution is described. This system is specially suitable for low-energy, medium-mass (<em>E</em><sub>1</sub> ≈ 1–10 MeV/mu; <em>A</em> ≈ 10–60) heavy tons. Charge identification is determined from a two-element gas-ionization counter coupled with a semiconductor stop detector. The gas-ionization counter employs a simple electron drift time technique to obtain two-dimensional position information. Mass identification is derived from measurement of the fragment time-of-flight with a pair of channel-plate time devices and the fragment energy, as provided by the <em>ΔE</em><sub><em>y</em></sub> – <em>ΔE</em><sub><em>x</em></sub> – <em>E</em> telescope. This system yields mass and charge resolution ⩽0.7 units in both <em>A</em> and <em>Z</em> and gives position resolutioon &lt;0.5 mm for fragments with <em>A</em> ≲60, as determined from measurements performed with a 7.2 MeV/u <sup>56</sup>Fe beam incident on <sup>238</sup>U.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100972,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research","volume":"225 1","pages":"Pages 65-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0167-5087(84)91338-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84535537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
An automatic measuring system for particle tracks in plastic detectors 塑料探测器中微粒轨迹自动测量系统
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Pub Date : 1984-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/0167-5087(84)91342-5
W. Trakowski, B. Schöfer, J. Dreute, S. Sonntag, C. Brechtmann, J. Beer, H. Drechsel, W. Heinrich
{"title":"An automatic measuring system for particle tracks in plastic detectors","authors":"W. Trakowski,&nbsp;B. Schöfer,&nbsp;J. Dreute,&nbsp;S. Sonntag,&nbsp;C. Brechtmann,&nbsp;J. Beer,&nbsp;H. Drechsel,&nbsp;W. Heinrich","doi":"10.1016/0167-5087(84)91342-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0167-5087(84)91342-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the last few years picture analysis methods have evolved into a powerful technique for measurements of nuclear tracks in plastic detectors. We have developed a microprocessor-based picture analysis system for automatic track measurements. The video pictures of particle tracks seen through a microscope are digitized in real time and the picture analysis is done by software. The microscope is equipped with a stage driven by stepping motors, which are controlled by a separate microprocessor. A PDP 11/23 supervises the operation of all microprocessors and stores the measured data on its mass storage devices. This paper describes the hard- and software of the system and the methods of picture analysis which are used for the track identification and measurement.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100972,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research","volume":"225 1","pages":"Pages 92-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0167-5087(84)91342-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81477949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 45
A general purpose code for Monte Carlo simulations 蒙特卡罗模拟的通用代码
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Pub Date : 1984-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/0167-5087(84)91349-8
Winfried W. Wilcke
{"title":"A general purpose code for Monte Carlo simulations","authors":"Winfried W. Wilcke","doi":"10.1016/0167-5087(84)91349-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0167-5087(84)91349-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A general-purpose computer code MONTHY has been written to perform Monte Carlo simulations of physical systems. To achieve a high degree of flexibility the code is organized like a general purpose computer, operating on a vector describing the time dependent state of the system under simulation. The instruction set of the “computer” is defined by the user and is therefore adaptable in the particular problem studied. The organization of MONTHY allows iterative and conditional execution of operations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100972,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research","volume":"225 1","pages":"Pages 132-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0167-5087(84)91349-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83894395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Study of limited streamer drift tube performance 限流漂移管性能研究
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Pub Date : 1984-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/0167-5087(84)91333-4
K. Fujii, J. Fujimoto, H. Hayashii, R. Kajikawa, Y. Masatani, H. Ozaki, A. Sugiyama, R. Suzaki, S. Suzuki, T.Y. Tsukamoto, T.F. Tsukamoto, S. Uno, S. Iwata, H. Okuno
{"title":"Study of limited streamer drift tube performance","authors":"K. Fujii,&nbsp;J. Fujimoto,&nbsp;H. Hayashii,&nbsp;R. Kajikawa,&nbsp;Y. Masatani,&nbsp;H. Ozaki,&nbsp;A. Sugiyama,&nbsp;R. Suzaki,&nbsp;S. Suzuki,&nbsp;T.Y. Tsukamoto,&nbsp;T.F. Tsukamoto,&nbsp;S. Uno,&nbsp;S. Iwata,&nbsp;H. Okuno","doi":"10.1016/0167-5087(84)91333-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0167-5087(84)91333-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We have studied the performance of limited streamer drift tubes made of conductive plastic. Spatial resolution and rate capability obtained are 100–150 μm and 2–3 kHz/cm, respectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100972,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research","volume":"225 1","pages":"Pages 23-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0167-5087(84)91333-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87760094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Deconvolution 反褶积
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Pub Date : 1984-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/0167-5087(84)91348-6
J. Law , M.C. Jones
{"title":"Deconvolution","authors":"J. Law ,&nbsp;M.C. Jones","doi":"10.1016/0167-5087(84)91348-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-5087(84)91348-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The process of deconvolution is helped by the introduction of an inverse resolution function. Its use, however, forces one to perform analytic continuation of data measured along the real axis into the complex plane. We examine the viability of this scheme in combination with the reference resolution function scheme. Our results indicate that this is a viable alternative scheme for deconvolution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100972,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research","volume":"225 1","pages":"Pages 127-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0167-5087(84)91348-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136960513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Energetic ion composition in the Earth's magnetosphere 地球磁层中的高能离子组成
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Pub Date : 1984-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/0167-5087(84)91367-X
Hannu Koskinen
{"title":"Energetic ion composition in the Earth's magnetosphere","authors":"Hannu Koskinen","doi":"10.1016/0167-5087(84)91367-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0167-5087(84)91367-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100972,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research","volume":"225 1","pages":"Page 291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0167-5087(84)91367-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73404850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 19
A balloon-borne high-resolution spectrometer for observations of gamma-ray emission from solar flares 用于观测太阳耀斑伽玛射线发射的气球载高分辨率光谱仪
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Pub Date : 1984-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/0167-5087(84)91358-9
C.J. Crannell, R. Starr, A.R. Stottlemyer, J.I. Trombka
{"title":"A balloon-borne high-resolution spectrometer for observations of gamma-ray emission from solar flares","authors":"C.J. Crannell,&nbsp;R. Starr,&nbsp;A.R. Stottlemyer,&nbsp;J.I. Trombka","doi":"10.1016/0167-5087(84)91358-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0167-5087(84)91358-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The design, development, and balloon-flight verification of a payload for observations of gamma-ray emission from solar flares are reported here. The payload incorporates a high-purity germanium semiconductor detector, standard NIM and CAMAC electronics modules, a thermally stabilized pressure housing, and regulated battery power supplies. The flight system is supported on the ground with interactive data-handling equipment comprised of similar electronics hardware. The modularity and flexibility of the payload, together with the resolution and stability obtained throughout a 30 h flight, make it readily adaptable for high-sensitivity, long-duration balloon flight applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100972,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research","volume":"225 1","pages":"Pages 195-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0167-5087(84)91358-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89866039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Comments on the application of two formulae in nuclear reaction kinematics 两个公式在核反应运动学中的应用
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Pub Date : 1984-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/0167-5087(84)91363-2
Xi-Ting Lu
{"title":"Comments on the application of two formulae in nuclear reaction kinematics","authors":"Xi-Ting Lu","doi":"10.1016/0167-5087(84)91363-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0167-5087(84)91363-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The error resulting from a commonly used formula in nuclear reaction kinematics is pointed out in this paper.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100972,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research","volume":"225 1","pages":"Pages 283-284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0167-5087(84)91363-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82543810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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