Next Energy最新文献

{"title":"Electrode design of energy storage concrete devices for improving energy storage and cyclic performance","authors":"Takuya Eguchi ,&nbsp;Yusuke Fujikura ,&nbsp;Yoshikazu Araki ,&nbsp;Sanjay Pareek","doi":"10.1016/j.nxener.2025.100273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxener.2025.100273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the development of energy storage concrete devices (ESCs) is still nascent, their electrochemical properties remain largely unknown. Elucidation of the basic mechanism of ESCs will lead to the establishment of general-purpose design technology. In this paper, based on the electrostatic field theory of capacitors, we investigated the effect of electrodes design on the electrochemical properties of ESCs and clarified part of the energy storage mechanism of ESCs. In addition, it was shown that the energy storage capacity of ESCs can be dramatically improved by appropriate electrode design, and a guideline for electrode selection to improve the energy storage performance of ESCs was also presented. It was found that the energy storage performance of ESCs can be improved by narrowing the distance between the electrodes. This result suggests that polarization of potassium geopolymer matrix near the electrodes plays a influential role in the energy storage mechanism of ESCs. It was also found that the energy storage performance can be improved by using fine mesh electrodes, which increases the effective contact area for energy storage. On the other hand, durability becomes an issue if the mesh opening is too small because smaller mesh opening leads to thinner mesh wires. The tradeoff therefore needs to be considered between energy storage performance and durability. A remarkable performance of ESCs was achieved by selecting an appropriate electrode mesh size for cyclic performance of charging and discharging even after 100,000 cycles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100957,"journal":{"name":"Next Energy","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143823941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subsurface hydrogen generation: Natural sources and in-situ hydrocarbon conversion technologies","authors":"Jian Hou ,&nbsp;Wei Wei ,&nbsp;Ziyuan Qi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Alotaibi ,&nbsp;Abdulkareem Alsofi","doi":"10.1016/j.nxener.2025.100285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxener.2025.100285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen, a low-carbon source of energy, is mostly produced from fossil fuels (e.g. coal or natural gas) in surface plants but accompanied by significant carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions. As a low emission source, the potential of subsurface hydrogen, including naturally occurring (H₂) utilizing geological conditions without human interferences and <em>in-situ</em> produced H₂ from hydrocarbons based on thermochemical or biological technologies in reservoir, is underrated. To provide a better understanding of the generation process for supporting the exploitation of subsurface hydrogen, this work comprehensively reviews the chemical pathways for H₂ generation and the status of technology development. The natural H₂ source is discussed in the classification of rock-water reactions, radiolysis of water, biogenic hydrogen, deep-seated origin, and thermal maturation of organic matter while rock-water reaction appears (e.g. serpentinization) as the most common source. This classification of the generation mechanism could be a guide to discover more hot spots of hydrogen. For <em>in-situ</em> produced hydrogen from hydrocarbons, we introduced the chemical and biological pathways with underscoring the main reaction types and suitable conditions for various feedstocks and the corresponding up-to-date technologies, as well as summarizing the microbe species and influencing factors in the dark fermentation process. It shows the optimized H₂ production temperature is &gt;700 °C for methane, 500−700 °C for light oil, heavy oil/bitumen and oil shale, and 500−1500 °C for coal. By further discussing the challenges and the environmental and economic impacts of subsurface H₂, this work reveals the potential and hinderance for subsurface hydrogen industrialization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100957,"journal":{"name":"Next Energy","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of energy scenarios for Malaysia for energy transition in meeting net-zero target 2050","authors":"Izzuan Farouk,&nbsp;Yun Ii Go,&nbsp;Malcolm Fernandez","doi":"10.1016/j.nxener.2025.100295","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxener.2025.100295","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The renewable energy transition has seen an increased momentum globally in accordance with the Paris Agreement towards achieving the net-zero target by 2050. With Malaysia still heavily relying on fossils for its electricity generation, proper energy planning will be required to analyse various pathways of energy transition towards the future. This can be conducted through bottom-up national energy system modelling methodologies, such as in low-emission analysis platform (LEAP). With limited literature found in national-scale modelling of Malaysia’s energy transition, this paper modelled energy transition scenarios of Malaysia through long-term modelling approaches using LEAP based on the IRENA and NETR. These scenarios were evaluated in a comparative study according to the criterion of electrical generation, carbon dioxide emissions, carbon tax costs, and investment costs. Based on the criterion assessed, the findings indicated that the RE100S was the best scenario primarily due to its comparatively low-carbon emission when accounting for the entire lifecycle assessment of 23.5 MMT by 2050 and its respective carbon tax cost of 0.8 billion USD. This research provides quantifiable findings that can be valuable to policymakers and researchers in making strategic renewable energy development plans applied to Malaysia and other developing nations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100957,"journal":{"name":"Next Energy","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functionalized polyethersulfone–CoFe2O4 as electrode material for high-performance supercapacitor","authors":"Rama Kanti ,&nbsp;Preeti Rawat ,&nbsp;Kaushik Pal","doi":"10.1016/j.nxener.2025.100302","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxener.2025.100302","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polyethersulfone (PES), widely used in the separation membrane industry, generates significant waste, presenting an opportunity for repurposing into high-performance supercapacitor electrode materials. This study explores the synthesis of carbon materials with nitrogen-containing functional groups using amine-functionalized polyethersulfone (P-NH₂) as a precursor. These amine groups enabled the binding of cobalt ferrite (CoFe₂O₄), which was produced using D-glucose in a sol-gel method. The resulting composite material, P-NH₂-MO, was subsequently calcined at 200 °C. Various mass ratios of the composite, specifically 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 (P-NH₂: CoFe₂O₄), were drop-cast onto a current collector. Among these, the 1:2 mass ratio sample exhibited the highest performance, with a specific capacitance of 241 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g, surpassing other ratios in electrochemical performance and stability. This sample, labeled P-NH₂-MO-2, also maintained excellent rate performance, retaining 84.21% of its capacitance after 2500 cycles and 78.94% after 5000 cycles at increased current densities (up to 5 A/g). These findings highlight P-NH₂-MO-2 as a promising material for energy storage applications, offering excellent electrochemical performance and long-term stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100957,"journal":{"name":"Next Energy","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental and simulative investigation of water transfer in membrane humidifiers operating with liquid and vaporous water","authors":"S. Mull ,&nbsp;M. Pollak ,&nbsp;L. Weiß ,&nbsp;W. Tegethoff ,&nbsp;J. Koehler ,&nbsp;M. Wensing","doi":"10.1016/j.nxener.2025.100294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxener.2025.100294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells require exact water management to achieve high performance and long service lifetimes. The water management is controlled by the active humidification of the incoming cathode gas. This is commonly achieved by a membrane humidifier as part of the balance of plant. Membrane humidifiers are passive components that transfer water from the cathode exhaust stream to the cathode inlet stream. The operating modes of a humidifier in a mobile fuel cell system vary between gas-to-gas or gas with a small amount of liquid water-to-gas transport. The change of operating modes depends primarily on the operating point of the fuel cell. The gas-to-gas transport mode is widely investigated, but experimental and simulative studies of gas with a small amount of liquid water-to-gas transfer in membrane humidifiers are still insufficient. So far, only our own experimental data from gas with a small amount of liquid water-to-gas transport measurement points have been published. This paper presents a new experimental data set that consists of 39 gas-to-gas and 86 gas with a small amount of liquid water-to-gas transport measurement points. The following boundary conditions for the experimental data are varied: Temperature, pressure, gaseous water, liquid water, and nitrogen mass flow rate. The data presented confirm previous work: That liquid water significantly enhances mass transport for all boundary conditions. Additionally, this paper presents a new 1D simulation approach using Modelica as the modeling language. An existing gas-to-gas humidifier model was extended to a 2-phase flow model by adjusting 2 fit factors. The experimental data presented here enable the validation. The model matches the overall experimental data set with a high accuracy of <em>R</em>² = 0.90. This shows a generic approach for a simple extension from a gas-to-gas humidifier model to a 2-phase flow model. Using this modeling approach will result in more accurate humidifier performance prediction and therefore more accurate water management control for the entire fuel cell system. Moreover, it shows the potential of actively using liquid water to enhance the humidifier’s performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100957,"journal":{"name":"Next Energy","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transforming oil market analysis: A novel GAN + LSTM predictive framework","authors":"Prity Kumari ,&nbsp;G.Y. Chandan ,&nbsp;Satish Kumar M","doi":"10.1016/j.nxener.2025.100303","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxener.2025.100303","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel method of predicting the crude oil WTI futures prices based on a data set covering April 12, 2009 through January 7, 2024. To capture complex market dynamics more precisely, it incorporates key market factors such as open, high, and low price along with slacked variable inclusions and moving averages over 7, 14, and 30 days. It includes generative adversarial networks augmented with long short-term memory (GAN + LSTM), LSTM, gated recurrent units (GRUs), and artificial neural networks (ANNs) as predictive models, where their performance was compared by a variety of measurements like mean squared error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), symmetric mean absolute percentage error (SMAPE), normalized root mean square error (NRMSE), and adjusted R-square. The GAN + LSTM model proved its accuracy over others, with the lowest MSE (0.001), MAE (0.029), MAPE (4.639), SMAPE (4.734), NRMSE (0.057), and the highest adjusted R-squared (0.943). This model has been viewed as dominant due to its ability to integrate and gain information from complex data patterns. In volatile markets, the outcome of this study will be of fundamental significance in developing proactive models that will provide the most efficient means of making more informed decisions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100957,"journal":{"name":"Next Energy","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogen interaction in bulk fluids for geological storage application using NMR","authors":"Sidi Mamoudou,&nbsp;Son Dang,&nbsp;Chandra Rai","doi":"10.1016/j.nxener.2025.100298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxener.2025.100298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen geostorage is a crucial component of decarbonization, enabling large-scale energy storage and supporting the transition to a low-carbon economy. By allowing long-term hydrogen storage in subsurface formations such as depleted oil and gas reservoirs, geostorage enhances energy security and stabilizes energy supply. This study serves as a preliminary step before investigating H₂ interactions in saturated porous rocks, focusing on hydrogen behavior in reservoir fluids using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The tested fluids include water, dodecane oil (light oil), dead oil, and ozokerite wax (heavy oil) under pressures up to 1800 psi. Additionally, deuterated water and perfluorinated HT-230 were used as control fluids due to their negligible NMR signals. HT-230, commonly used as a confining fluid in core plug measurements, also provides a baseline for comparison. T₂ relaxation times served as a proxy for distinguishing free hydrogen from dissolved hydrogen in bulk liquid based on molecular interactions. Since it is sensitive to hydrogen protons in fluids, it was used to assess changes in bulk properties such as viscosity and density. The results indicate that hydrogen predominantly remains in the free phase when interacting with water, as evidenced by fast relaxation times (1–20 ms) and no observed changes in T₂ with pressure, confirming limited dissolution. Similarly, hydrocarbons—including dodecane, dead oil, and wax—showed no evidence of hydrogen dissolution under NMR, as only free-phase hydrogen signals (1–20 ms) were detected. However, visual observations of gas bubbles in dead oil suggest physical hydrogen trapping rather than true molecular dissolution, indicating hydrogen retention in a discrete gas phase without full integration into the liquid phase. In perfluorinated HT-230, an intermediate T₂ relaxation signal (100–300 ms) suggests possible hydrogen dissolution, with an estimated volume of 0.80–1.20 ± 0.02 cc at room temperature. This finding indicates that while HT-230 is generally inert, some level of hydrogen interaction may occur. Therefore, caution is advised when using HT-230 as a confining fluid in core plug tests under stress, or this signal should be excluded from analysis. Although this study was conducted at relatively low temperatures and over short experimental durations, hydrogen can be physically trapped in dead oil within our test conditions. These results provide a baseline understanding of H₂ interactions in bulk fluids, informing future core plug measurements of hydrogen retention, diffusion, and mobility in depleted oil and gas reservoirs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100957,"journal":{"name":"Next Energy","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-objective optimization of a novel control algorithm and scheduling procedure for optimal use of energy storage systems","authors":"Amirhossein Hamzeiyan ,&nbsp;Armin Ebrahimi","doi":"10.1016/j.nxener.2025.100280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxener.2025.100280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Peak shaving with energy storage systems (ESSs) is a promising approach to optimize energy use, reduce costs, and ensure a more reliable power grid.</div><div>This paper aims to improve the performance of a novel control algorithm for efficient peak shaving by using sensitivity analysis and multi-objective optimization techniques. Regarding this, 2 hypothesis load demand profiles as well as 5 different scenarios with diverse objective functions, including ESS capacity, standby days of the ESS, etc., were considered for multi-objective optimization, and the control algorithm was applied to them. These scenarios were designed to explore the algorithm's adaptability to different operating conditions and to evaluate its effectiveness across varying system constraints. The Pareto front of each was extracted and the results of each were detailed. Among the most important obtained results, it can be mentioned that the decrease of 58.29% and 51.32% of ESS standby days in load profiles A and B, respectively, compared to basic conditions. Also, it has been possible to reduce peak demands to 16.29% and 19.66%, respectively, compared to the maximum value of profiles A and B.</div><div>To enhance the efficiency and gain more precise control over the energy storage system's charging and discharging rates, incorporating upper limits for charging and lower limits for discharging were proposed. This modification requires minimal changes to the existing algorithm. Future research could concentrate on integrating direct regulation of the charging and discharging rates of the ESS by establishing upper and lower bounds for these rates as decision variables within the optimization framework. This approach would more accurately represent the operational constraints of the ESS, thereby improving the model’s applicability and scalability for real-world implementations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100957,"journal":{"name":"Next Energy","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An ammonia power system with zero-carbon potential: A next power?","authors":"Jingyu Wang ,&nbsp;Ligeng Li ,&nbsp;Xuanang Zhang ,&nbsp;Yiwei Yin ,&nbsp;Hua Tian ,&nbsp;Gequn Shu ,&nbsp;Zhenyuan Zi ,&nbsp;Yu Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.nxener.2025.100297","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxener.2025.100297","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a critical sector for carbon emissions, reducing carbon emissions in transportation internal combustion engines (ICE) remains an important issue. Ammonia has demonstrated strong performance and zero-carbon potential in ICEs and heat utilization. Therefore, this discussion proposes a zero-carbon engine concept to achieve energy savings and emission reductions. The proposed engine is an ammonia medium hybrid engine (AMHE), which utilizes ammonia as the sole working medium to achieve power conversion through combustion and heat exchange within the power system. This discussion demonstrates that the AMHE has the potential to reach the world-advanced level, with a brake thermal efficiency of 59.3%. With the development of blue ammonia to green ammonia, the promotion of the AMHE could reduce CO₂ emissions by 64.32–98.90%, equivalent to over 220 million tons in China's transportation sector. Thermodynamic analysis demonstrates that the ammonia diesel cycle achieves the ignition temperature at a compression ratio of approximately 22, which is significantly lower than the previously expected value of 35. This discussion also analyzes the impact of diesel cycle parameters on the Rankine cycle (RC) performance and explores the potential for performance enhancement and compression ratio reduction when using the ammonia RC instead of jacket water. This discussion aims to propose the AMHE as a viable solution for power systems with zero-carbon potential. To this end, we validate its performance and carbon reduction potential of the AMHE and outline future research directions and priorities for this power system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100957,"journal":{"name":"Next Energy","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143911532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and identification of potential microbial fuel cells capable for the detoxification of hexavalent chromium from leather industry wastewater with power generation","authors":"Christina Saran ,&nbsp;Devendra Kumar Patel ,&nbsp;Vartika Jain ,&nbsp;Gubbala Naga Venkata Satyanarayana ,&nbsp;Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale ,&nbsp;Luiz Fernando Romanholo Ferreira ,&nbsp;Ram Naresh Bharagava","doi":"10.1016/j.nxener.2025.100299","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxener.2025.100299","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are a potential green technology that might produce bioelectricity while treating wastewater and reducing heavy metal (Cr⁶⁺) pollution. A dual-chamber MFC is inoculated with potentially active bacteria to reduce Cr⁶⁺ and generate bioelectricity. Three bacterial isolates, <em>Pseudomonas stutzeri</em> (CSDEM1), <em>Microbacterium algeriense</em> (CSDEM3), and <em>Bacillus stratosphericus</em> (CSDEM4), were tested for their efficiency. Among these, CSDEM3 (<em>M. algeriense</em>) showed the highest ability to reduce Cr⁶⁺ (80.13%) at a concentration of 1500 ppm and produced the highest bioelectricity (302 mV and 501 µA), which is the novelty of this work. Bacterial cells exposed to Cr⁶⁺ displayed larger cell size than unexposed cells. Chromium peaks in exposed cells were verified by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, suggesting that either precipitated Cr³⁺ or its complexation with bacterial cell components was the cause. The electrogenic mechanism used by the isolates, single strain, and consortia (CSDEM134) in the MFCs was revealed by the anodic biofilm generation yield. When compared to a single strain, the use of bacterial consortia in MFCs produced slightly better effluent physicochemical characteristics as well as improved Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometric (FT-IR) and Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analytical results. This study demonstrates how MFCs can remove Cr⁶⁺ from wastewater effectively and sustainably while producing sustainable bioelectricity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100957,"journal":{"name":"Next Energy","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}