{"title":"Synthesis of Graphene Oxide and Impact of Its Functionalization in the Wastewater Treatment","authors":"Dr. Sushil Kumar Sharma, Dr. Shobhana Sharma","doi":"10.1002/ceat.70009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Modified Hummer's method for graphene oxide production and the potential use of functionalized graphene oxide in wastewater treatment processes are highlighted in this study. As novel adsorbents, graphene and its derivatives have gained more attention because of their remarkable physicochemical properties and unique molecular structure. A resonant delocalized electron system and several functional groups in graphene derivatives produce a range of adsorptive interactions with water contaminants. Consequently, it is a constant challenge to create efficient graphene composites by surface modification using several functional groups, polymers, or nanoparticles. The study also provides insight into new developments in the adsorption of organic contaminants and heavy metal ions from wastewater using functionalized graphene oxide. This article also describes the mechanism that controls the adsorption of heavy metals onto graphene oxide's surface.</p>","PeriodicalId":10083,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering & Technology","volume":"48 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143861862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synergy between Copper and Silver Nanoparticles for the Removal of Thiophenic Compounds in Fuel Oil","authors":"Shuo Ai, Yihan Yang, Kaili Gao, Wanguo Yu","doi":"10.1002/ceat.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.70010","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Thiophenic compounds in fuel oils lead to the emission of SO<i><sub>x</sub></i> pollutants. Zero-valence Cu and Ag particles were supported on carbonized cellulose via reduction reactions. Only Cu(0) and Ag(0) microcrystals with sizes of 4–15 nm and 10–30 nm had high thiophene adsorption capacity. The growth of Cu crystals was inhibited by Ag<sup>+</sup>, whereas the dispersion and loading of Ag were promoted by Cu<sup>2+</sup>. The removal rates for thiophenic compounds in high-sulfur content oil reached 35.3–54.3 %. The steric hindrance of substituent groups had a negative impact on the desulfurization effect. The thiophene adsorption capacity reached 8.7 mg sulfur/g. This thiophene adsorption process agreed with Elovich and second-order kinetics as well as Langmuir and Freundlich models, implying that a monolayer of thiophene was adsorbed on a heterogeneous surface via chemisorption. The coordination interactions between sulfur and metals dominated the adsorption process.</p>","PeriodicalId":10083,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering & Technology","volume":"48 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143861825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Assoc. Prof. Yang Lei, Jiaqi Yan, Yuming Chen, Assoc. Prof. Xinyan Liu, Assoc. Prof. Xiaodong Liang, Prof. Georgios M. Kontogeorgis, Yuqiu Chen
{"title":"Energy-Efficient Styrene Production by Incorporating Ionic Liquid-Based Separation Technology","authors":"Assoc. Prof. Yang Lei, Jiaqi Yan, Yuming Chen, Assoc. Prof. Xinyan Liu, Assoc. Prof. Xiaodong Liang, Prof. Georgios M. Kontogeorgis, Yuqiu Chen","doi":"10.1002/ceat.70008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The separation of ethylbenzene/styrene represents a pivotal step in the styrene production process, which is associated with significant energy consumption, substantial costs, and considerable environmental impact. In this study, ionic liquids (ILs) were incorporated into the separation process, thereby enabling energy-efficient styrene production through the use of extractive distillation. By solving a formulated mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problem based on computer-aided ionic liquid design (CAILD), 1-methylpyridinium trifluoromethanesulfonate ([mPy][CF<sub>3</sub>SO<sub>3</sub>]) and 1-ethylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate ([C<sub>2</sub>Py][BF<sub>4</sub>]) were identified as optimal IL candidates for this application. Comprehensive process simulations and optimizations were conducted, focusing on energy consumption, environmental impact, and economic performance. In comparison to the conventional process, the [mPy][CF<sub>3</sub>SO<sub>3</sub>]-based and [C<sub>2</sub>Py][BF<sub>4</sub>]-based processes achieved reductions in energy consumption by 44.2 % and 59.0 %, respectively. Furthermore, there was a notable reduction in carbon emissions, amounting to 28.9 % and 25.4 %. However, processes utilizing [mPy][CF<sub>3</sub>SO<sub>3</sub>] showed an increase in total annual cost (TAC) by 11.8 %. Meanwhile, processes based on [C<sub>2</sub>Py][BF<sub>4</sub>] demonstrated a diminution in TAC by 3.7 %. Nonetheless, Monte Carlo simulations indicate that IL-based processes exhibit slightly better resilience to economic uncertainties compared to conventional processes. Overall, the significant energy and environmental benefits of IL-based processes highlight their potential in styrene production, especially with the implementation of active policies related to energy use and carbon emissions (e.g., carbon taxes).</p>","PeriodicalId":10083,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering & Technology","volume":"48 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143861823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dr.-Ing. Marc Lörcher, Philipp Steinke, Dr.-Ing. Philipp Grimm, Dipl.-Ing. Björn Spiller, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Arno Kwade
{"title":"Experimental Study on Breaking and Separating Cocoa Beans","authors":"Dr.-Ing. Marc Lörcher, Philipp Steinke, Dr.-Ing. Philipp Grimm, Dipl.-Ing. Björn Spiller, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Arno Kwade","doi":"10.1002/ceat.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The winnowing of cocoa beans is realized by the three basic mechanical operations of crushing, sieving, and sifting. At August Storck KG, different plants are used for the winnowing process. In the following paper, two plants are compared with regard to the procedural processes, and the respective advantages and disadvantages are analyzed and explained. The success of the winnowing plants is determined by two parameters: The shell content in the product stream is used to evaluate quality, and the nib content in the shell stream allows conclusions about economic efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":10083,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering & Technology","volume":"48 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143861896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ph.D., Prof. Phan Anh Duong, Ph.D. Bo Rim Ryu, Prof. Jinuk Lee, Ph.D., Prof. Hokeun Kang
{"title":"Techno-Economic Analysis of a Direct Ammonia Solid Oxide Fuel Cell–Integrated System for Marine Vessels","authors":"Ph.D., Prof. Phan Anh Duong, Ph.D. Bo Rim Ryu, Prof. Jinuk Lee, Ph.D., Prof. Hokeun Kang","doi":"10.1002/ceat.12013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.12013","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To achieve the ambitious goal of net-zero greenhouse gas emissions in the shipping industry by 2050, the getting to zero coalition prioritizes the adoption of zero-emission fuels and technologies. Ammonia stands out as a viable zero-carbon marine fuel, owing to its carbon-free composition and higher energy density relative to hydrogen. This paper presents a thorough techno-economic analysis of a direct ammonia solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system, which is enhanced by a gas turbine (GT) and integrated with a multi-generation system, including proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), organic Rankine cycle (ORC), Kalina cycle (KC), steam Rankine cycle (SRC), and waste heat boiler (WHB). The study employs a multi-stage approach that includes dynamic computational analysis, techno-economic evaluation, and assessments of environmental and social impacts to determine the optimal system implementation. Economic viability is evaluated through indicators such as net present value, internal rate of return and payback period, highlighting the critical role of fuel cell capital costs in investment feasibility, and repayment timelines. The levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) spans from 0.482 to 0.554 $ (kW h)<sup>−1</sup>, showing a variation of approximately 6.2 % from the average LCOE. For unsubsidized and subsidized utility costs, the discounted payback period is calculated to be between 6.7 and 9.5 years, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":10083,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering & Technology","volume":"48 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143861807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study of Vapor–Liquid–Liquid Equilibrium Changes of Quaternary Mixtures: Theory and Practice","authors":"Agnes Szanyi, Peter Mizsey","doi":"10.1002/ceat.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A novel method is presented for the determination of the thermodynamic behavior and classification of quaternary mixtures. Since the quaternary mixtures are formed by four ternary sub-mixtures, the systematic investigation takes place first in two-dimensional and then in three-dimensional tetrahedrons, presenting the residue curve map with a binodal plot. The mixtures can be classified into four groups, and six rules can be concluded for the change in the type of the nodes and saddles, if a new compound appears. The rules help understand the thermodynamic behavior and complete the engineering design of alternatives. The procedure is demonstrated experimentally on the separation problem of a quaternary mixture based on extractive heteroazeotropic distillation (EHAD).</p>","PeriodicalId":10083,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering & Technology","volume":"48 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143861768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}