Chinese journal of digestive diseases最新文献

{"title":"Mechanism of metronidazole resistance in Helicobacter pylori","authors":"Jiang Kui, Zhang Jianzhong, Pan Guozong","doi":"10.1046/J.1443-9573.2001.00038.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1046/J.1443-9573.2001.00038.X","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Drug resistance to Helicobacter pylori is one of the most important reasons for the failure of anti-H. pylori treatment. Metronidazole is a preferred drug for the elimination of H. pylori. However, using this drug alone can easily lead to resistance. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of metronidazole resistance in H. pylori. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000METHODS: International standard strain NCTC11639 was used. For the nitrate reduction test, four strains were used as positive controls, two strains of Bacillus coli and two strains of Vibrio cholerae. Metronidazole was used as tablets (0.2 g per tablet). The following techniques were used: (i) metronidazole used to apply selective pressure; (ii) sodium dodecylsulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE); (iii) nitrate reduction test; and (iv) test to detect the enzyme activities associated with 95 different substrates for Gram-negative bacteria. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000RESULTS: As a result of the selective pressure of metronidazole, 20 H. pylori colonies survived; the bacteriostatic zones of these colonies were 0 mm in diameter, whereas the original NCTC11639 bacteriostatic zones were 25 mm in diameter. There was no significant difference seen among the 18 strains of drug-resistant H. pylori and the original NCTC11639 strain protein electrophoresis strips. In the nitrate reduction test, both sensitive and resistant H. pylori all tested negative and the control strains of Bacillus coli and Vibrio cholerae tested positive. After the mutation of H. pylori from sensitive to resistant, the activities of enzymes associated with mono-methyl succinate, succinic acid and D-alanine metabolism were decreased, and those associated with L-fucose and 6-phosphate glucose metabolism were increased. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000CONCLUSIONS: The resistance of H. pylori to metronidazole is not related to nitroreductase. There may be no obvious changes in membrane protein in the drug-resistant strain. The metronidazole resistance of H. pylori is associated with its metabolism and a change in enzyme activities.","PeriodicalId":10082,"journal":{"name":"Chinese journal of digestive diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81970284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies on the expression, induction and mutation of connexin genes in human gastric cancer","authors":"Shen Shourong, Li Fue, Liu Yang, Shi Zhengzhuan, Zou Yiyou, Zhange Xichun, Tang Huihuan","doi":"10.1046/J.1443-9573.2001.00033.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1046/J.1443-9573.2001.00033.X","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To study: (i) the expression of connexin (Cx) genes; (ii) the effects of inducers on Cx expression; and (iii) the effects of mutations in Cx coding sequences in human gastric cancer. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000METHODS: Northern blots, reverse transcription– polymerase chain reaction and polymerase chain reaction–single strand conformational polymorphism were the techniques used. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000RESULTS: There were regular expression patterns of the Cx genes in normal human gastric epithelium, paracancerous tissues and gastric cancers. Retinoic acid (RA) and dimethyl sulfoxide induced the expression of Cx43 in gastric cancer but Cx46 expression was reduced when induced by RA and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). There were no mutations found in the Cx43 coding region. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000CONCLUSIONS: The Cx32 gene might specifically maintain intercellular communication via gap junctions in the gastric epithelium. Cx43 is an inducible gene in gastric cancer cells. The reduced expression of Cx43 is not caused by mutation of the Cx coding region. A hypothesis explaining the variation in Cx gene expression in human gastric cancer is proposed.","PeriodicalId":10082,"journal":{"name":"Chinese journal of digestive diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80473539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism of octreotide in acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) of rats: An experimental study","authors":"Yu Xiao, Zhang Sheng-dao, Lei Ruo-qing, Xia Zongqin, Han Tian-quan, Tang Yao-qing, C. Sheng, Wang Jian-cheng, Yu Zurong","doi":"10.1046/J.1443-9573.2001.00025.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1046/J.1443-9573.2001.00025.X","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To study the action of octreotide in acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) in rats. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000METHODS: The effect of octreotide on pancreatic acinar cells with respect to amino acid uptake, protein synthesis and secretion of enzymes was observed by using radioactive tracing and autoradiography on both healthy rats and rats with ANP. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000RESULTS: It was shown that octreotide has no effect on pancreatic acinar cells with respect to amino acid uptake and protein synthesis in both ANP and in control rats. However, octreotide was able to inhibit the secretion of enzyme-proteins. There were secretions from the basolateral membrane of the acinar cells in ANP rats, which could be reduced by treatment with octreotide. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000CONCLUSIONS: Octreotide has no effect on pancreatic acinar cells with respect to amino acid uptake and enzyme-protein synthesis, but it can inhibit the secretion of enzyme-proteins, in particular, from the basolateral membrane of ANP rats and prevent the accumulation of zymogen granules in the interstitium.","PeriodicalId":10082,"journal":{"name":"Chinese journal of digestive diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72607377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of dyspepsia","authors":"G. Gro","doi":"10.1046/J.1443-9573.2001.00039.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1046/J.1443-9573.2001.00039.X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10082,"journal":{"name":"Chinese journal of digestive diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87401521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Localization and quantitative study of hepatic oval cells in patients with chronic liver diseases: A pathological analysis of 29 liver specimens","authors":"Qiu Dekai, M. Xiong, Y. Peng, Xiaoyu Chen, S. Yao","doi":"10.1046/J.1443-9573.2001.00035.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1046/J.1443-9573.2001.00035.X","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To observe the morphological characteristics of oval cells in human chronic liver disease and to determine the relationship between the number of oval cells and the grading and staging of liver fibrosis. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000METHODS: Oval cells in paraffin-embedded sections of three normal control livers and 29 chronically diseased livers were detected by using histoimmunochemistry. Cells were counted and scored if they satisfied the morphological criteria for oval cells and showed cytoplasmic staining. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000RESULTS: Oval cells were not observed in normal livers. In chronic liver disease, oval cells were characterized by the presence of an ovoid nucleus, a small-sized cell and scanty cytoplasm, and were located predominantly in the periportal region and fibrous septa. The number of oval cells increased significantly (F = 22.60, P < 0.01) as the staging of fibrosis increased (7 ± 3, 12 ± 3, 25 ± 7, 33 ± 9, and 44 ± 10 in stages 0–4, respectively). There were significant differences between all stages (P < 0.05) except those in stages 0 and 1, and 1 and 2. The number of oval cells was significantly related to the staging of liver fibrosis (r = 0.88, P < 0.01). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000CONCLUSION: Oval cells are frequently detected in chronically diseased livers. Their presence is related to the staging of fibrosis.","PeriodicalId":10082,"journal":{"name":"Chinese journal of digestive diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86995740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression and subcellular location of COX‐2 in human gastric cancer cells","authors":"L. Ling, Kai‐chun Wu, Nie Yongzhan, Wu Hanping, Wang Chun-mei, Fan Dai-ming","doi":"10.1046/J.1443-9573.2001.00030.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1046/J.1443-9573.2001.00030.X","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To detect the expression of cyclooxygenase (COX) in human gastric cancer cell lines and determine the subcellular location of its isoforms. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000METHODS: Immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) were used to investigate the expression and distribution of COX. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000RESULTS: Positive staining for COX-2 and COX-1 protein was seen in human gastric cancer cell lines MKN45, SGC7901 and AGS. However, COX-2 staining was absent and COX-1 staining was weak in the MGC803 cell line, although COX-2 mRNA was present in all four cell lines. When compared with COX-1, COX-2 was more strongly expressed at both protein and mRNA levels in the gastric cancer cell lines, which was confirmed by double labeling and LSCM. A quantitative analysis of fluorescein intensity indicated that the pixel intensity peak of COX-2 had a gray scale value of 50–70, while COX-1 was only 10. The LSCM technique also revealed the presence of COX-2 in the cytoplasm and nuclear envelope and COX-1 in the cytoplasm only. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000CONCLUSIONS: In human gastric cancer cells, COX-2 is expressed at higher levels than COX-1 and the different distributions of the two isoforms suggest that their roles in cell function are distinct.","PeriodicalId":10082,"journal":{"name":"Chinese journal of digestive diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83742309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary assessment of miniprobe sonography in the diagnosis of gastric varices and evaluation of treatment with Histoacryl","authors":"Z. Qi, Wu Yunlin, Xu Jiayu","doi":"10.1046/J.1443-9573.2001.00020.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1046/J.1443-9573.2001.00020.X","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE: In comparison with conventional endoscopy, the clinical value of miniprobe sonography (MPS) was assessed both in the diagnosis of gastric varices (GV) and in the evaluation of its treatment with the tissue adhesive agent Histoacryl. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000METHODS: Twelve patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension caused by hepatitis B in nine cases and hepatitis C in three cases were examined by MPS to verify the presence of gastric fundic varices before and after endoscopic treatment with Histoacryl. Curative efficacy of Histoacryl treatment was defined by the finding of variceal lumen obliteration characteristics in the ultrasonic image. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000RESULTS: Gastric fundic varices were detected in 10 patients by using MPS, however, only seven cases were detected by using conventional macroscopic examination. For gastric fundic varices, the diagnostic accuracies of standard endoscopy and MPS were 75% (9/12) and 100% (12/12), respectively. Furthermore, MPS was able to produce a practical ultrasonic image of complete or incomplete variceal vessel lumen obliteration for use in the assessment of the efficacy of endoscopic treatment with Histoacryl. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000CONCLUSIONS: Miniprobe sonography was found to be significantly superior to conventional macroscopic diagnosis in both the detection of fundic varices and the evaluation of the efficacy of endoscopic therapy. Moreover, MPS could play an important role in follow up and in evaluation of the need for further treatment. Therefore, MPS appears to be a safe and very useful clinical technique in evaluating patients with portal hypertension with respect to the detection of fundic varices and may help in selecting patients for appropriate therapy.","PeriodicalId":10082,"journal":{"name":"Chinese journal of digestive diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79733605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of eradicating Helicobacter pylori on the development and reversion of atrophic gastritis in an animal study","authors":"Hu Pin-jin, Zeng Zhirong, Li Hanliang, Chen Min-hu, Chen Wei, Peng Xiaozhong","doi":"10.1046/J.1443-9573.2001.00026.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1046/J.1443-9573.2001.00026.X","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of eradicating Helicobacter pylori on the development and reversion of atrophic gastritis in an animal study. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000METHODS: One hundred and ten grade II C57BL/6 female mice were randomly divided into experimental (60 mice) and control (50 mice) groups. The mice in the experimental group were infected with the SS1 H. pylori strain, then randomly subdivided into group A and group B (30 mice in each group). Group A and group B received a dose of standard bismuth triple therapy 6 and 12 months after infection, respectively. Ten mice in each group were killed before the therapy, then at 3 and 6 months after completion of the therapy (a total of 30 mice). The histopathological features of the glandular stomach were graded using a method analogous to the Sydney system and kinetic changes in the mucosal epithelial cells of the glandular stomach were examined using anti-BrdU immunohistochemical staining and flow cytometry. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000RESULTS: All mice that received eradication therapy tested negative for Helicobacter pylori. Significant improvement in chronic active gastritis was observed after the eradication of H. pylori in both groups A and B. Atrophic changes were not seen at any time interval in group A, whereas in group B, atrophic changes were seen 12 months after H. pylori infection and no significant changes in the degree of atrophy were observed 3 and 6 months after the eradication of H. pylori. The cell kinetic indices (S-phase cell percentage, proliferation index and labeling index) in the experimental group before the eradication of H. pylori were significantly higher than those in the control group at any time (P 0.05). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000CONCLUSIONS: The present study suggests that the eradication of H. pylori can reduce gastric mucosal inflammation and change the epithelial cell kinetics of the stomach. It was found that early treatment can prevent the formation of mucosal atrophy. When atrophy has established, eradication of H. pylori can no longer reverse the change but may prevent its progress.","PeriodicalId":10082,"journal":{"name":"Chinese journal of digestive diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89339198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the correlation between the vacA genotype of Helicobacter pylori, the VacA product and gastroduodenal disease","authors":"Zhang You-li, Liu Houyu, Z. Kang, Ni Caimei, Huang Meiyu, Jin Jianjun","doi":"10.1046/J.1443-9573.2001.00018.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1046/J.1443-9573.2001.00018.X","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine vacA genotypes and the vacuolating cytotoxin (VacA) activity of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with chronic gastritis (CG), peptic ulcers (PU) and gastric cancer (GC), and to investigate the relationship between the vacA genotypes of H. pylori, their product, VacA, and gastroduodenal diseases. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000METHODS: Sixty-two H. pylori strains were isolated from patients with CG (27 cases), PU (24 cases) and GC (11 cases) as diagnosed by either endoscopy or surgical pathology. The vacA genotypes of the H. pylori strains were tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). HeLa cell assays for VacA activity were carried out using a 20-fold concentrated culture supernatant of H. pylori in vitro. Culture supernatants of H. pylori strain NCTC 11637 and culture supernatants without H. pylori were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000RESULTS: All 62 H. pylori strains contained the vacA gene. The signal sequence and mid-region gene of the 62 H. pylori strains were s1a and m2 types, respectively. Mosaicism in vacA alleles was type s1a/m2 exclusively. The total rate of VacA expression in vitro was 37.1%; the rates of VacA expression in H. pylori strains isolated from patients with CG, PU and GC were 33.33, 29.17 and 63.64%, respectively. The proportion of strains expressing VacA in patients with GC was higher than those in patients with CG and PU, but the difference in VacA expression rates in CG, PU and GC strains was not significant (P > 0.05). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000CONCLUSIONS: The vacA genotype of H. pylori cannot be used to predict the clinical consequences of infection with that strain of H. pylori. Moreover, the VacA activity of H. pylori in vitro cannot be used to predict whether subjects infected with H. pylori will be more likely to develop CG, PU or GC. No correlation between vacA genotype and VacA expression was found in the present study.","PeriodicalId":10082,"journal":{"name":"Chinese journal of digestive diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88037767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the effects of intravenous infusion of omeprazole and H2‐receptor antagonists on intragastric pH in bleeding duodenal ulcer patients","authors":"Zhong Bihui, Yuan Yuhong, Chen Min-hu, L. Jinkun, Hu Pin-jin","doi":"10.1046/J.1443-9573.2001.00017.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1046/J.1443-9573.2001.00017.X","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of intravenous infusion of omeprazole and H2-receptor antagonists on 24-h intragastric pH levels in patients with bleeding duodenal ulcers. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000METHODS: Fifty patients with active bleeding duodenal ulcers were randomly assigned to receive one of four treatment regimens: 40 mg omeprazole by intravenous infusion every 12 h, 40 mg famotidine intravenously every 12 h, 50 mg ranitidine intravenously every 6 h, 200 mg cimetidine intravenously every 6 h. Intragastric pH values were monitored in each subject at the baseline level and continuously for 24 h after treatment. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000RESULTS: Only the omeprazole group produced mean and median intragastric pH values of above 6. The famotidine group had mean and median intragastric pH values above 4. In the other two groups, pH values were both below 4. The mean percentages of time that intragastric pH levels were < 4, < 5 and < 6 over the 24 h period in each of the treatment groups were found to increase in the following order (smallest percentage to largest percentage): omeprazole, famotidine, ranitidine and cimetidine. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000CONCLUSIONS: The effect of intravenous use of omeprazole in active duodenal ulcer bleeding is superior to that of H2-receptor antagonists and the increase in intragastric pH is maintained for a longer period.","PeriodicalId":10082,"journal":{"name":"Chinese journal of digestive diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78367462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}